A Visual Dictionary for an Extinct Language

Abstract. Cultural heritage artefacts are often digitised in order to allow for them to be easily accessed by researchers and scholars. In the case of the Bleek and Lloyd dictionary of the |xam Bushman language, 14000 pages were digitised. These pages could not be transcribed, however, because the language and script are both extinct. A custom digital library system was therefore created to manage and provide access to this collection as a purely “visual dictionary”. Results from user testing showed that users found the system to be interesting, simple, efficient and informative

REVISITING MODEL OF READING COMPREHENSION IN LANGUAGE AQUISSITION

Reading comprehension is about breaking the barriers which make reading a dull and unpleasant experience. Reading comprehension is not merely about a monotonous activity that is ordering student to read a text and answering the provided questions. It is actually a very rich efforts that can be done in multidisciplinary model. Fact finding, vocabulary building, reading speed, and comprehension are the commonest attempts done in reading classes. Teachers and students are faced and focused on the text and dare not to escape from this routine exploration. In fact Reading Comprehension can be designed in a broader techniques which involves cultural studies that encourages teachers and students to have rich, intimate and attractive communication in a very wide range of discussions. Every line of text can be extended into out of the box discussion. It is systematized into syntactical discussion, pragmatism, ideological, geographical, media studies, technological or mechanism, social construction, cultural situation, narratology, semiotics, even using Russian formalism

Proposal for encoding the Batak script in the UCS

This is a proposal to encode the Batak script in the international character encoding standard Unicode. This script was published in Unicode Standard version 6.0 in October 2010. Batak is used to write five Batak dialects that are spoken on the island of Sumatra: Karo, Mandailing, Pakpak, Simalungun, and Toba

Final proposal to encode the Pahawh Hmong script in the UCS

This is a proposal to encode the Pahawh Hmong script in the international character encoding standard Unicode. Pahawh Hmong was published in Unicode Standard version 7.0 in June 2014. The script is said to have been devised in the latter half of the 20c. Pahawh Hmong underwent a number of stages of development. The characters encoded in Unicode support text that has been written in Second Stage Reduced, Third Stage Reduced, and Final versions

Statistical Laws Governing Fluctuations in Word Use from Word Birth to Word Death

We analyze the dynamic properties of 10^7 words recorded in English, Spanish and Hebrew over the period 1800--2008 in order to gain insight into the coevolution of language and culture. We report language independent patterns useful as benchmarks for theoretical models of language evolution. A significantly decreasing (increasing) trend in the birth (death) rate of words indicates a recent shift in the selection laws governing word use. For new words, we observe a peak in the growth-rate fluctuations around 40 years after introduction, consistent with the typical entry time into standard dictionaries and the human generational timescale. Pronounced changes in the dynamics of language during periods of war shows that word correlations, occurring across time and between words, are largely influenced by coevolutionary social, technological, and political factors. We quantify cultural memory by analyzing the long-term correlations in the use of individual words using detrended fluctuation analysis.Comment: Version 1: 31 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables. Version 2 is streamlined, eliminates substantial material and incorporates referee comments: 19 pages, 14 figures, 3 table

Divining Siraya: Sources of language and authority in documentation and revitalisation

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Revised proposal for encoding the Lanna script in the BMP of the UCS

This is a proposal to encode the Lanna script in the international character encoding standard Unicode. The name of the script was changed to "Tai Tham" by consensus of users in different countries. Tai Tham was published in Unicode Standard version 5.2 in October 2009. Tai Tham is used to write Northern Thai, Lue, and Khün, which are spoken in Northern Thailand, Myanmar, China and surrounding areas. It is also used for Lao Tham (Old Lao). The script is known by various names: Old Xishuangbanna Dai or Old Tai Lue in China, Khün in Myanmar, and Tua Mueang, Lanna, or Yuan in Thailand. Several changes have been made to the script since the proposal was written, so users should check the latest code charts, accessible from , and section 16.7 in the Unicode Standard

Proposal for encoding the Inscriptional Parthian, Inscriptional Pahlavi, and Psalter Pahlavi scripts in the SMP of the UCS

This is a proposal to encode Inscriptional Parthian and Inscriptional Pahlavi in the international character encoding standard Unicode. The scripts were published in Unicode Standard version 5.2 in October 2009. Inscriptional Parthian was used to write the Parthian language as well as other languages. It is descended from the Imperial Aramaic script and was the official script used in the first part of the Neo-Persian (Sasanian) empire. Inscriptional Pahlavi evolved from the Aramaic script by the 2c CE. It was used to write Middle Persian until the 5c CE. (Note: Although the proposal includes Psalter Pahlavi in the title, that script was separately approved based on a different proposal, .