Green Evidence for Energy Security Transformation in China: Re- conceptualization of Energy Security and Its Implication to China’s Renewable Energy Policy Change

China has grown to a global large energy consumer since 1993, and surpassed the U.S. to become the top energy consumption country in 2010. Energy security is indispensable to the rapid and sustained development of China’s economy. Different from the realist geopolitics and liberalist analyzing approach, the author constructs a dynamic constructivist theoretical framework of energy security and tends to explore the unique re‐conceptualization trajectory of Chinese energy security: from self‐sufficiency security with emphasis on the internal supply (first stage) to “go abroad” supply‐oriented energy security highlighting the external expansion of sufficient energy at reasonable price (second stage), then to comprehensive energy security concept focusing on international cooperation, energy diversification, energy conservation and low‐carbon economy(third stage). Especially the transition from “decreasing energy intensity” to “reducing the carbon intensity” in the third stage has shown the conceptual shifting from the static energy security to dynamic resilience energy security. Based on the discourse and institutional analysis, the author further illustrates the profound constraints of climate change scenario to energy security in China as well as their interacting relations. Finally the author points out that the green evidence for energy security concept transformation has exerted significant impact on renewable energy policy‐making, which opening “the window of opportunity” for rapid renewable energy development in China

Policies Supporting Innovation In The European Union In The Context Of The Lisbon Strategy And The Europe 2020 Strategy

In the context of increasing globalization, global competition and rapid change the EU sees innovation and its commercialization as an effective way to build long-term global competitive advantage. Innovation policy is a link between research and technological development policy and industrial policy and makes it possible to create conditions conducive to bringing ideas to the market. It is also closely linked to other EU policies regarding e.g. employment, competitiveness, environment, industry and energy. This paper presents the evolution, conditions and objectives of the innovation policy of the European, and describes the main assumptions of the Lisbon and Europe 2020 strategies. Additionally it indicates possible ways of assessing the measures undertaken within the above-mentioned policies and of determining the tools necessary to implement the strategies

ENVIRONMENTAL DIPLOMACY: CASE STUDY OF THE EU-INDONESIA PALM OIL DISPUTE

The EU’s decision to exclude palm oil as renewable energy in the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED) faced critics and protest from Indonesia and Malaysia. However, the EU argued that the expansion of palm oil has direct link with deforestation and degradation of forest. This research is eager to understand the dynamic of the European Union environmental diplomacy in the case study of the EU-Indonesia palm oil dispute. This research found that the dynamic of the EU environmental diplomacy in the case study of the EU-Indonesia palm oil dispute has three phases namely the low-carbon economy, the EU green leadership and the EU-Indonesia trade war

Emerging Value Chains:An exploration of the concept and development of value chains for the RIGHT project

In het kader van het Interreg North Sea Region project "RIGHT skills for the RIGHT future" is een rapport geschreven waarin het concept waardeketens (value chains) en de ontwikkeling daarvan in de energiesector verkend is