Key Agreement Against Quantum Adversaries

Key agreement is a cryptographic scenario between two legitimate parties, who need to establish a common secret key over a public authenticated channel, and an eavesdropper who intercepts all their messages in order to learn the secret. We consider query complexity in which we count only the number of evaluations (queries) of a given black-box function, and classical communication channels. Ralph Merkle provided the first unclassified scheme for secure communications over insecure channels. When legitimate parties are willing to ask O(N) queries for some parameter N, any classical eavesdropper needs Omega(N^2) queries before being able to learn their secret, which is is optimal. However, a quantum eavesdropper can break this scheme in O(N) queries. Furthermore, it was conjectured that any scheme, in which legitimate parties are classical, could be broken in O(N) quantum queries. In this thesis, we introduce protocols à la Merkle that fall into two categories. When legitimate parties are restricted to use classical computers, we offer the first secure classical scheme. It requires Omega(N^{13/12}) queries of a quantum eavesdropper to learn the secret. We give another protocol having security of Omega(N^{7/6}) queries. Furthermore, for any k>= 2, we introduce a classical protocol in which legitimate parties establish a secret in O(N) queries while the optimal quantum eavesdropping strategy requires Theta(N^{1/2+k/{k+1}}) queries, approaching Theta(N^{3/2}) when k increases. When legitimate parties are provided with quantum computers, we present two quantum protocols improving on the best known scheme before this work. Furthermore, for any k>= 2, we give a quantum protocol in which legitimate parties establish a secret in O(N) queries while the optimal quantum eavesdropping strategy requires Theta(N^{1+{k}/{k+1}})} queries, approaching Theta(N^{2}) when k increases.Un protocole d'échange de clés est un scénario cryptographique entre deux partis légitimes ayant besoin de se mettre d'accord sur une clé commune secrète via un canal public authentifié où tous les messages sont interceptés par un espion voulant connaître leur secret. Nous considérons un canal classique et mesurons la complexité de calcul en termes du nombre d'évaluations (requêtes) d'une fonction donnée par une boîte noire. Ralph Merkle fut le premier à proposer un schéma non classifié permettant de réaliser des échanges securisés avec des canaux non securisés. Lorsque les partis légitimes sont capables de faire O(N) requêtes pour un certain paramètre N, tout espion classique doit faire Omega(N^2) requêtes avant de pouvoir apprendre leur secret, ce qui est optimal. Cependant, un espion quantique peut briser ce schéma avec O(N) requêtes. D'ailleurs, il a été conjecturé que tout protocole, dont les partis légitimes sont classiques, pourrait être brisé avec O(N) requêtes quantiques. Dans cette thèse, nous introduisons deux catégories des protocoles à la Merkle. Lorsque les partis légitimes sont restreints à l'utilisation des ordinateurs classiques, nous offrons le premier schéma classique sûr. Il oblige tout adversaire quantique à faire Omega(N^{13/12}) requêtes avant d'apprendre le secret. Nous offrons aussi un protocole ayant une sécurité de Omega(N^{7/6}) requêtes. En outre, pour tout k >= 2, nous donnons un protocole classique pour lequel les partis légitimes établissent un secret avec O(N) requêtes alors que la stratégie optimale d'espionnage quantique nécessite Theta(N^{1/2 + k/{k +1}}) requêtes, se rapprochant de Theta(N^{3/2}) lorsque k croît. Lors les partis légitimes sont équipés d'ordinateurs quantiques, nous présentons deux protocoles supérieurs au meilleur schéma connu avant ce travail. En outre, pour tout k >= 2, nous offrons un protocole quantique pour lequel les partis légitimes établissent un secret avec O(N) requêtes alors que l'espionnage quantique optimale nécessite Theta(N^{1+{k}/{k+1}}) requêtes, se rapprochant de Theta(N^{2}) lorsque k croît

Proceedings of The Multi-Agent Logics, Languages, and Organisations Federated Workshops (MALLOW 2010)

http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-627/allproceedings.pdfInternational audienceMALLOW-2010 is a third edition of a series initiated in 2007 in Durham, and pursued in 2009 in Turin. The objective, as initially stated, is to "provide a venue where: the cost of participation was minimum; participants were able to attend various workshops, so fostering collaboration and cross-fertilization; there was a friendly atmosphere and plenty of time for networking, by maximizing the time participants spent together"

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All the content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition

NOTIFICATION !!!

All the content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition

NOTIFICATION!!!

The full content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition

NOTIFICATION !!!

All the content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition

NOTIFICATION !!!

All the content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition