73,186 research outputs found
Situation awareness measurement: A review of applicability for C4i environments
The construct of situation awareness (SA) has become a core theme within the human factors (HF) research community. Consequently, there have been numerous attempts to develop reliable and valid measures of SA but there is a lack of techniques developed specifically for the assessment of SA in command, control, communication, computers and intelligence (C4i) environments. During the design, development and evaluation of novel systems, technology and procedures, valid and reliable situation awareness measurement techniques are required for the assessment of individual and team SA, in order to determine the improvements (or in some cases decrements) resulting from proposed design and technological interventions. The paper presents a review of existing situation awareness measurement techniques for their suitability for use in the assessment of SA in C4i environments. Seventeen SA measures were evaluated against a set of HF methods criteria. It was concluded that current SA measurement techniques are inadequate by themselves for use in the assessment of SA in C4i environments, and a multiple-measure approach utilising different approaches is recommended
Development of a behavioural assessment system for achievement motivation in soccer matches
The aim of present investigation was to develop the behavioural instrument for measuring the
achievement motivation in sport matches. According to 5-stage behavioural measurement system,
the instrument was established and was applied for Iran national soccer team among three
matches. The results have revealed the good validity, intra-rater, and inter-rater reliabilities for
measuring motivational behaviours in sport contexts. In addition, the repeated measure analysis of
variance has shown the applicability of new instrument for studying the association of
achievement behaviours with successful performance, through significant differences between
achievement behaviours in different matches with varied outcomes (p<.05).It seems the developed
instrument is applicable for coaches to discriminate achievement behaviours of players during the
match and select their strategy and players’ substitutions according to their trends and behaviours
for success
The inter- and intra-observer reliability of a locomotion scoring scale for sheep
A seven point locomotion scoring scale, ranging from 0 = normal locomotion to 6 = unable to stand or move, has been developed. To test the between and within observer reliability of the scale, 65 movie clips of sheep with normal and varying degrees of abnormal locomotion were made. Three observers familiar with sheep locomotion were trained to read the movie clips. Thirty clips were randomly selected and used to test between and within observer agreement. There was high inter-(intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.93, weighted kappa [κw] = 0.93) and intra-(ICC = 0.90, κw = 0.91) observer reliability, with no evidence of observer bias. The main between score differences were for scores 0 (normal) and 1 (uneven posture and shortened stride but no head movement). The results indicate that the locomotion scoring scale using groups of defined observations for each point on the scale was reliable and may be a useful research tool to identify and monitor locomotion in individual sheep when used by trained observers
Measuring Youth Program Quality: A Guide to Assessment Tools
Thanks to growing interest in the subject of youth program quality, many tools are now available to help organizations and systems assess and improve quality. Given the size and diversity of the youth-serving sector, it is unrealistic to expect that any one tool or process will fit all programs or circumstances. This report compares the purpose, history, structure, methodology, content and technical properties of nine different program observation tools
Amabile‘s consensual assessment technique: Why has it not been used more in design creativity research?
Amabile’s Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT) has been described as the “gold standard” of creativity assessment; been extensively used within creativity research, and is seen as the most popular method of assessing creative outputs. Its discussion within scholarly research has continued to grow year by year. However, since 1996, a systematic review of the CAT has not been undertaken, and, within design journals, appears not to have occurred, in relation to design, or more broadly, the creative industries in general. Yet, the consensus of domain judges is a prevalent methodology for design education, and professional design awards. This paper presents the findings from a systematic literature review of the CAT covering works from 1982 to 2011. It details key journals and authors publishing or citing CAT related studies, and highlights the limited number of CAT studies within design journals, with suggestions for why this may be the case
Observation and Quantum Objectivity
The paradox of Wigner's friend challenges the objectivity of description in
quantum theory. A pragmatist interpretation can meet this challenge by
judicious appeal to decoherence. On this interpretation, quantum theory
provides situated agents with resources for predicting and explaining what
happens in the physical world---not conscious observations of it. Even in
Wigner's friend scenarios, differently situated agents agree on the objective
content of statements about the values of physical magnitudes. In more
realistic circumstances quantum Darwinism also permits differently situated
agents equal observational access to evaluate their truth. In this view,
quantum theory has nothing to say about consciousness or conscious experiences
of observers. But it does prompt us to reexamine the significance even of
everyday claims about the physical world
The role of attention in motion extrapolation: Are moving objects 'corrected' or flashed objects attentionally delayed?
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