Respawn

In Respawn Colin Milburn examines the connections between video games, hacking, and science fiction that galvanize technological activism and technological communities. Discussing a wide range of games, from Portal and Final Fantasy VII to Super Mario Sunshine and Shadow of the Colossus, Milburn illustrates how they impact the lives of gamers and non-gamers alike. They also serve as resources for critique, resistance, and insurgency, offering a space for players and hacktivist groups such as Anonymous to challenge obstinate systems and experiment with alternative futures. Providing an essential walkthrough guide to our digital culture and its high-tech controversies, Milburn shows how games and playable media spawn new modes of engagement in a computerized world

Terrorist Celebrity: Online Personal Branding and Jihadist Recruitment and Planning

Shifts in culture and technology have changed the manifestation of celebrity in modern society, culminating in the practice of internet microcelebrity, where one views followers as fans, produces content consistent with a personal brand, and engages in strategic interaction with devotees. This thesis examines how those effects have also changed how terrorists present themselves and operationalize celebrity status. An original typology of terrorist celebrity is presented: traditional, martyr, and internet micro-celebrity. Two in-depth case studies of terrorist micro-celebrities are analyzed: Anwar al-Awlaki of Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and Junaid Hussain of the Islamic State. The case studies are examined through content analysis of social media postings, personal chat transcripts, as well as mainstream media coverage of the individuals used to reconstruct their biographies. Following mainstream trends, these terrorist internet celebrities have built personal brands that target specific communities. Awlaki targeted English-speaking Muslims living in the West and IS foreign fighters like Hussain often target young people in the fighter’s countries of origin. Their online personas are created to be relatable and engaging to those specific audiences. Ultimately, mainstream celebrity trends have bled into terrorist behavior. By creating brands and managing them through micro-celebrity practices, terrorists have effectively weaponized online celebrity, using it for recruitment and planning

Spartan Daily, November 13, 2002

Volume 119, Issue 54https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/10698/thumbnail.jp

An Autoethnography of T9hacks: "Designing a Welcoming Hackathon for Women and Non-Binary Students to Learn and Explore Computing"

Student hackathons are a type of demographic-specific event that are aimed at college students. Students may attend hackathons because they provide an opportunity for informal learning, networking, and building products for social change Hackathons are usually designed to give their participants opportunities to learn or expand their technical skill sets. During the process of building a project, participants learn about project management, task delegation, and the organization and production of a hack with a working demo within the limited time span. Hackathons are great at giving their participants informal and incidental learning opportunities. Participants may have different goals or motivations for attending a hackathon that can change how they participate in the event. Student hackathons have been growing in popularity over the last decade and are only becoming more popular as the computing field grows in size and demand. In the 2017-2018 school year, over 71,000 students in North America and Europe and over participated in a student hackathon. In 2017, every US university with a top-ranked computer science department hosted at least one student hackathon. However, despite their popularity with students, research about student hackathons is sparse and little work has been done studying student experiences at these events. There are also fewer women attending hackathons than men, on average, only 23\% of the participants are women. This dissertation is situated within the existing hackathon literature and complements the work showing hackathons as places of informal and situated learning.This dissertation focuses on the design of a women and non-binary hackathon, T9Hacks. I founded T9Hacks in the Fall of 2015 and, with a team of undergraduate students, we hosted our first hackathon event in late-February 2016. T9Hacks is open to all students, but specifically encourages women and non-binary students to attend through marketing, structure, and strategic use of competition. Our mission has always been to create a welcoming and safe environment where women and non-binary students can learn and explore with computing. I was drawn to autoethnography as a way to analyze, interpret, and attach meaning to the design of T9Hacks. Autoethnography is a form of self reflection on one's personal experiences within a cultural context to look deeper at social interactions. Articulating the design choices that the team and I made created a list of design principles and lessons learned (listed below) and can give insight into the inclusive practices of student hackathons. This autoethnography discusses the design of T9Hacks, a women and non-binary hackathon, in regards to its branding, design of competition, and structures that supported our participants. I discuss the name of the event, the graphic design, and the labels and the ideologies and values associated with those choices; how the nature, value of prizes, and framing of the contests were impactful to students; how the professional development and technical resources we provided to the students satisfied their personal goals for attending the event. These elements of the hackathon changed multiple times through the most change and give insight into the challenges our team faced when trying to design an inclusive and welcoming hackathon. The decisions the T9Hacks team was faced with can help inform other hackathon designs as well

Cyber Security Politics

This book examines new and challenging political aspects of cyber security and presents it as an issue defined by socio-technological uncertainty and political fragmentation. Structured along two broad themes and providing empirical examples for how socio-technical changes and political responses interact, the first part of the book looks at the current use of cyber space in conflictual settings, while the second focuses on political responses by state and non-state actors in an environment defined by uncertainties. Within this, it highlights four key debates that encapsulate the complexities and paradoxes of cyber security politics from a Western perspective – how much political influence states can achieve via cyber operations and what context factors condition the (limited) strategic utility of such operations; the role of emerging digital technologies and how the dynamics of the tech innovation process reinforce the fragmentation of the governance space; how states attempt to uphold stability in cyberspace and, more generally, in their strategic relations; and how the shared responsibility of state, economy, and society for cyber security continues to be re-negotiated in an increasingly trans-sectoral and transnational governance space. This book will be of much interest to students of cyber security, global governance, technology studies, and international relations

The Ticker, November 7, 2016

The Ticker is the student newspaper of Baruch College. It has been published continuously since 1932, when the Baruch College campus was the School of Business and Civic Administration of the City College of New York

The politics of cyberconflict: ethnoreligious conflicts in computer mediated environments

This thesis argues that it is important to distinguish between two different phenomena in cyberpolitical spaces: First of all, between ethnic or religious groups fighting over in cyberspace, as they do in real life (Ethnoreligious cyberconflict) and second, between a social movement and its antagonistic institution (Sociopolitical cyberconflict). These different kinds of cyberconflict can be explained in the context of international conflict analysis for ethnoreligious cyberconflict and social movement theory for sociopolitical cyberconflict, while keeping in mind that this takes place in a media environment by using media theory. By combining elements of these approaches and justifying the link to cyberconflict, it is possible to use them as a theoretical light to look at the environment of Cyberconflict (CC) and analysis of incidents of CC. Consequently, this work looks at the leading groups using the internet either as weapon or a resource against governments, while also looking at networks, international organisations and new social movements. Searching for a satisfactory theoretical framework, I propose the following parameters to be looked at while analysing cyberconflicts: 1. Environment of Conflict and Conflict Mapping (real and virtual). The world system generates an arborescent apparatus, which is haunted by lines of flight, emerging through underground networks connected horizontally and lacking a hierarchic centre (Deleuze and Guattari). The structure of the internet is ideal for network groups, (a global network with no central authority) has offered another experience of governance (no governance), time and space (compression), ideology (freedom of information and access to it), identity (multiplicity) and fundamentally an opposition to surveillance and control, boundaries and apparatuses. 2. Sociopolitical Cyberconflicts: The impact of ICTs on: a. Mobilising structures (network style of movements using the internet, participation, recruitment, tactics, goals), b. Framing Processes (issues, strategy, identity, the effect of the internet on these processes), c. Political opportunity structure (the internet as a component of this structure), d. hacktivism. 3. Ethnoreligious Cyberconflicts: a. Ethnic/religious affiliation, chauvinism, national identity, b. Discourses of inclusion and exclusion, c. Information warfare, the use of the internet as a weapon, propaganda and mobilisational resource d. Conflict resolution depends on legal, organisational framework, number of parties issues, distribution of power, values and beliefs. 4. The internet as a medium: a. Analysing discourses (representations of the world, constructions of social identities and social relations), b. Control of information, level of censorship, alternative sources, c. Wolsfeld: Political contest model among antagonists: the ability to initiate and control events, dominate political discourse, mobilise supporters, d. Media effects on policy (strategic, tactical, and representational)

A Comparative Study on Cybersecurity Act Implemented in the United States and China

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공), 2020. 8. 신성호.The past decade in cyberspace witnessed state-mediated attack in pursuance of accomplishing ones political end. Once limited to opportunistic private criminal groups, the concept of cyberattack transformed into a countrys important means to bolster national security and further propagate national stance in cyberspace. Henceforth, cyberspace emerges as compelling security realm. When compared to traditional security environment, judging the situation is convoluted on account of the unique characteristics of cyberspace. Under the amorphous nature of cyberspace, if anything, nations become more nationalized. The nature of cyber realm characterized by innate openness and hyper-connectivity will trigger structural change in cybersecurity landscape. Thus the thesis argues that although nations will actively interact and engage in collective initiatives fueled by the rising voice of forming global governance for cybersecurity, the overriding state sovereignty in the end would breed discord in the cyber era. Every move in cyberspace rests upon a nations political end thereby taking account of geopolitical interests assumes greater importance since invisible borderline matters. Given the nations inclination to utilize cyber capabilities for political ends, what happens in conventional security realm can also occur in cyberspace. The thesis chooses the US and China, allegedly Group of Two (G2), to study how both country take governmental measures vis-à-vis cybersecurity. Two great powers, with no doubt, are the pioneers in this emerging security realm. Not only both actively engage in building up cyber capabilities but also actively engage in appealing for cooperation to its allies. By conducting a comparative study on Cybersecurity Act of 2015 in the US and Cybersecurity Law of the PRC in 2016, the thesis aims to demonstrate how G2 implement legal regulation to safeguard domestic information infrastructure amidst the rising cyber threats posed by both state and non-state actors. In doing so, the thesis will research how respective country exerts its national interests in cyberspace while cooperate with other countries to defend global security. The thesis will add a new dimension on current cybersecurity studies by filling the gaps in previous literature. The thesis will contribute in understanding Sino-US relation regarding hegemonic competition in cyberspace and further propose the prospects of nations in the cyber era.지난 십 년의 사이버환경은 정치적 목적을 이루기 위한 수단으로써 국가 주도의 사이버공격이 주를 이룬다. 한때 기회주의적 범죄집단에 국한된 사이버공격은 이제 한 국가의 정치적 목적 달성, 사이버 공간에서의 정치적 선전의 중요한 수단으로 이용된다. 이에 따라 사이버공간은 그 귀추가 주목되는 신(新)안보영역으로 급부상하고 있다. 전통적 안보 영역과 비교했을 때 사이버공간의 독특한 특성으로 말미암아 사이버안보 환경을 가늠하는 것은 훨씬 복잡하다. 개방성과 초연결성으로 특징되는 무정형의 사이버 공간에서 역설적이게도 국가는 더욱 국가주의적인 경향을 보인다. 안전한 사이버안보 환경 수립을 위해 글로벌거버넌스 구축의 필요성에 더해 각 국가들이 공동의 이니셔티브를 위해 협력함에도 불구하고 더 우선시되는 주권국가의 이익은 사이버공간이라는 신(新)안보 영역에서의 갈등을 초래할 것이다. 이는 궁극적으로 사이버안보 전망의 구조적 변화를 부추긴다. 사이버공간 하에 한 국가의 정치적 행위가 결국 특수한 목적에 달려있음에 기인해 이 신(新)안보 영역의 이해에 앞서 지정학적 이익관계의 이해가 요구된다. 사이버 역량을 한 국가의 정치적 목적 달성의 수단으로 이용하려는 지난 십 년의 경향은 전통적 안보영역 차원에서 발생하던 일이 사이버공간에 또한 발생할 수 있음을 시사한다. 본 논문은 미국과 중국이 사이버안보 관련 어떠한 정부차원의 조치를 취하는 지 연구함에 목적을 둔다. 양국은 사이버 역량 발전에 국가적 투자를 아끼지 않을 뿐 아니라 동맹국들에게도 협력을 촉구하며 사이버공간이라는 신(新)안보영역에 가장 적극성을 띠는 국가이다. 미국의 2015년 사이버안보법과 중국의 2016년 사이버보안법을 비교 연구해 본 논문은 양국이 국내의 정보 인프라 보호를 위해 어떠한 법적 규제를 마련했는지 살펴보고자 한다. 또한 각국이 사이버공간에서 어떻게 국익을 행사하며 동시에 범지구적 차원의 사이버안보를 위해 어떠한 협력 매커니즘을 추구하는지 연구한다. 본 논문은 사이버안보를 미∙중 경쟁구도의 관점에서 재해석하며 더 나아가 거시적으로 사이버안보를 전망한다는 점에서 현재의 사이버안보 연구에 기여한다.I. Introduction 1 1. Research Background 1 2. Argument Overview 3 3. Significance of the topic 5 4. Methodology 8 II. Literature Review 10 1. Sino-US relation and Cybersecurity 10 2. Previous studies on cybersecurity 16 3. Cybersecurity and relevant legal regulation 25 a. The United States 25 b. China 29 4. Limitations of prior research 32 III. The United States 34 1. An overview of national security and cyberspace 34 a. Cybersecurity environment 34 b. Cybersecurity strategy guideline 37 2. Information security and regulatory regime 41 a. Definition of Critical Information Infrastructure 41 b. The evolution of discussion on information security 45 3. Cybersecurity Act of 2015 48 IV. China 51 1. An overview of national security and network security 51 a. The development process of informatization 51 b. Cybersecurity strategy guideline 54 2. Network security and regulatory regime 57 a. Cybersecurity environment 57 b. Definition of Critical Information Infrastructure and regulatory regime 59 3. Cybersecurity Law of the PRC 62 V. Analysis 64 1. Thesis findings 64 a. The US model of protecting homeland cybersecurity 66 b. Chinese model of controlling mainland network security 68 2. Implications and prospects of nations in the cyber era 69 a. Cybersecurity as a shared problem 69 b. Race to cyber supremacy 72 VI. Conclusion 75 Bibliography 78 Abstract in Korean 91Maste

The Politicization of Art on the Internet: From net.art to post-internet art

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma breve perspetiva sobre as manifestações socioculturais que se propagaram a partir do surgimento da Web; tendo como principal foco de análise o desenvolvimento da produção de Internet Arte na Europa e na América do Norte ao longo dos últimos 30 anos. Estruturado como um estudo de caso, três conceitos-chave fundamentam a base desta pesquisa: uma breve história da Internet, o desenvolvimento do termo hacker e a produção de arte web-based; da net.art até a Arte Pós-Internet. Em abordagem cronológica, estes campos serão descritos e posteriormente utilizados como guias para um final encadeamento comparativo que visa sustentar a hipótese da gradual dissolução de um ciberespaço utópico até o distópico cenário corporativo que constitui a Internet dos dias atuais.This study aims to present a brief perspective of the sociocultural manifestations that emerged after the Web birth, focusing on the development of Internet Art and the countercultural movements that emerged inside Europe and North America over the last 30 years. Under a case study structure, three fundamental subjects will be firstly explained: Internet history, the development of hacker concept and the web-based Art transformations: from net.art till Post-Internet Art. Chronologically described, these fields will lead to a final comparison of chained events that aim to sustain the hypothesis of the gradual dissolution of the early cyberspace utopias till the dystopic scene existent in nowadays Internet

Daily Eastern News: October 20, 2010

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/den_2010_oct/1012/thumbnail.jp