Economic Applications for LED Lights in Industrial Sectors

After the Introduction, which discuss the main advantages and disadvantage of LED from Economics angle, the entire Chapter is presented in three sections. The first section discusses the economic benefits of replacing different types and rating of outdoor HID lights, typically installed in an industrial plant, with LED lighting. The section determines important economic indicators to evaluate direct and indirect benefits that can be achieved from using LED lights. In second section an efficient, safe and cost effective design to automate LED lighting system used for long roads with low-traffic is provided. The section provides smart control using image recognition for cost saving of road lighting operation and gives economic analysis for this lighting system. In third section, design of intelligent daylight utilization to achieve efficient indoor lighting intensity control for LED lights that are used in industrial building is provided. Comprehensive evaluation of the lighting system economics is discussed

The Impact of Occupant Behaviour on Energy Consumption at Resi-dential Buildings

xiii, 63 p.Buildings are responsible for 40 percent of energy consumption in cities and cities are responsible for 60 to 80 percent of the total energy consumption in the world. Besides energy consumption in the industrial market which has complex dynamics to investigate, residential buildings have a big piece of the pie in this share. To avoid the catastrophic effects of climate change and depletion of sources, energy demand and correspondingly energy consumption in cities should be controlled immediately by every energy con-sumer. In this matter, the control of energy demand depends principally on the actions of the users. Evaluating the social science behind energy consumption is not the study area of this research but the impact of adaptive behaviours to control indoor comfort are main objectives. This study goals to examine the effect of occupant behavior through Design-Builder with hypothetical and probabilistic scenarios which are configurations of Occu-pancy, Heating, Cooling, DHW, Equipment and Lighting schedules and setpoints. Three different building typologies from 3 different cities and climates` building energy performance will be analyzed through the combination of two other variables: thermal condition of the buildings and user behavior. The user behaviors are grouped into two as economic and wasteful. In the end, the comparative results of the scenarios were analyzed. The final comparison analysis confirms the assertion of the study that user behavior effects the energy demand directly proportional; wasteful occupant has the highest energy demand while the scenarios based on the Spanish technical code for energy savings has the opti-mal and economic scenarios have the lowest. The analysis of the study leads to an un-touched area of study to enlarge the scale and examine the impact of occupant behavior at low energy districts and cities to prevent the negative effects of increased urban energy consumption

Renovation of Public Lighting Systems in Cultural Landscapes: Lighting and Energy Performance and Their Impact on Nightscapes

The technological innovation in the field of lighting and the need to reduce energy consumption connected to public lighting are leading many municipalities to undertake the renewal of public lighting systems, by replacing the existing luminaires with LED technologies. This renovation process is usually aimed at increasing energy efficiency and reducing maintenance costs, whist improving the lighting performance. To achieve these results, the new luminaires are often characterised by a luminous flux distribution much more downward oriented, which may remarkably influence and alter the perception of the night image of the sites. In this study the implications of the renovation of public lighting systems in terms of lighting and energy performance as well as the effects relating to the alteration of the night image, in historical contexts characterized by significant landscape value, are analysed. Results, along with demonstrating the positive effect that more sustainable and energy efficient lighting systems may have on the lighting performance and energy consumptions of public lighting systems, evidences the impact they may have on the alteration of the nocturnal image

Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Lighting

The lighting of both exteriors and interiors is a field within electrical and lighting engineering, where important technological changes have been taking place oriented towards environmental sustainability and energy efficiency. LED technology has been gradually gaining ground in the world of lighting over other technologies due to its high lighting and energy efficiency and savings. However, some problems related to overheating or associated regulation are emerging. This has prompted the search for new, more efficient, and sustainable forms of lighting. This book presents successful cases related to energy efficiency and lighting that may be of great interest to those trying to enter the world of scientific research

Implementing economic clustering in Uzbekistan's tourism industry

Among the reforms being carried out in our country, there are program plans for a number of activities for tourism and its development. The expansion of the tourism services market also depends on the state of hotel infrastructure in the region and the influx of tourists. The topic's urgency stems from the need to find new ways to grow tourism in the region, to integrate tourism enterprises and increase their competitiveness, and to justify the challenges of developing a sustainable tourism infrastructure. The study of these issues, their scientific analysis, and the implementation of scientific proposals to solve the goals and objectives developed on the basis of accumulated expertise and experience in this field demonstrate the topic's relevance

Vehbi Koc Legacy

Vehbi Koç was a visionary who began his business career running a single grocery store and went on to build one of the largest conglomerates in the world, comprising 113 companies, 90,000 employees, and 14,000 dealer agencies. These statistics alone represent the monumental accomplishment of Koç’s life and work. His approach was generative and impactful in part because Koç was ahead of his time in conceptualizing and implementing a number of strategies for which successful modern-day businesses are often lauded: human capital development, diversification, sustainability, strategic resource allocation, talent identification and support, collaborative innovation, strategic partnerships, and corporate social responsibility to create and harness social and economic impact. This case study brings Vehbi Koç’s key undertakings to light and reveals how his forward-thinking, innovative strategic legacy continues through the work of the Koç Foundation today. The case study utilizes theories of Human Capital Development, Stakeholder Capitalism, and Corporate Social Responsibility to analyze the work of Koç Foundation in Turkey

A Prospective Look: Key Enabling Technologies, Applications and Open Research Topics in 6G Networks

The fifth generation (5G) mobile networks are envisaged to enable a plethora of breakthrough advancements in wireless technologies, providing support of a diverse set of services over a single platform. While the deployment of 5G systems is scaling up globally, it is time to look ahead for beyond 5G systems. This is driven by the emerging societal trends, calling for fully automated systems and intelligent services supported by extended reality and haptics communications. To accommodate the stringent requirements of their prospective applications, which are data-driven and defined by extremely low-latency, ultra-reliable, fast and seamless wireless connectivity, research initiatives are currently focusing on a progressive roadmap towards the sixth generation (6G) networks. In this article, we shed light on some of the major enabling technologies for 6G, which are expected to revolutionize the fundamental architectures of cellular networks and provide multiple homogeneous artificial intelligence-empowered services, including distributed communications, control, computing, sensing, and energy, from its core to its end nodes. Particularly, this paper aims to answer several 6G framework related questions: What are the driving forces for the development of 6G? How will the enabling technologies of 6G differ from those in 5G? What kind of applications and interactions will they support which would not be supported by 5G? We address these questions by presenting a profound study of the 6G vision and outlining five of its disruptive technologies, i.e., terahertz communications, programmable metasurfaces, drone-based communications, backscatter communications and tactile internet, as well as their potential applications. Then, by leveraging the state-of-the-art literature surveyed for each technology, we discuss their requirements, key challenges, and open research problems