85,548 research outputs found
A Sensor-based Learning Public Health System
New smartphone technologies for the first time provide a platform for a new type of on-person, public health data collection and also a new type of informational public health intervention. In such interventions, it is the device via automatically collecting data relevant to the individualâs health that triggers the receipt of an informational public health intervention relevant to that individual. This will enable far more targeted and personalized public health interventions than previously possible. However, furthermore, sensor-based public health data collection, combined with such informational public health interventions provides the underlying platform for a novel and powerful new form of learning public health system. In this paper we provide an architecture for such a sensor-based learning public health system, in particular one which maintains the anonymity of its individual participants, we describe its algorithm for iterative public health intervention improvement, and examine and provide an evaluation of its anonymity maintaining characteristics
HealthPrism: A Visual Analytics System for Exploring Children's Physical and Mental Health Profiles with Multimodal Data
The correlation between children's personal and family characteristics (e.g.,
demographics and socioeconomic status) and their physical and mental health
status has been extensively studied across various research domains, such as
public health, medicine, and data science. Such studies can provide insights
into the underlying factors affecting children's health and aid in the
development of targeted interventions to improve their health outcomes.
However, with the availability of multiple data sources, including context data
(i.e., the background information of children) and motion data (i.e., sensor
data measuring activities of children), new challenges have arisen due to the
large-scale, heterogeneous, and multimodal nature of the data. Existing
statistical hypothesis-based and learning model-based approaches have been
inadequate for comprehensively analyzing the complex correlation between
multimodal features and multi-dimensional health outcomes due to the limited
information revealed. In this work, we first distill a set of design
requirements from multiple levels through conducting a literature review and
iteratively interviewing 11 experts from multiple domains (e.g., public health
and medicine). Then, we propose HealthPrism, an interactive visual and
analytics system for assisting researchers in exploring the importance and
influence of various context and motion features on children's health status
from multi-level perspectives. Within HealthPrism, a multimodal learning model
with a gate mechanism is proposed for health profiling and cross-modality
feature importance comparison. A set of visualization components is designed
for experts to explore and understand multimodal data freely. We demonstrate
the effectiveness and usability of HealthPrism through quantitative evaluation
of the model performance, case studies, and expert interviews in associated
domains.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by IEEE VIS2
Fall Detection with Unobtrusive Infrared Array Sensors
As the worldâs aging population grows, fall is becoming a major problem in public health. It is one of the most vital risks to the elderly. Many technology based fall detection systems have been developed in recent years with hardware ranging from wearable devices to ambience sensors and video cameras. Several machine learning based fall detection classifiers have been developed to process sensor data with various degrees of success. In this paper, we present a fall detection system using infrared array sensors with several deep learning methods, including long-short-term-memory and gated recurrent unit models. Evaluated with fall data collected in two different sets of configurations, we show that our approach gives significant improvement over existing works using the same infrared array sensor
Use of nonintrusive sensor-based information and communication technology for real-world evidence for clinical trials in dementia
Cognitive function is an important end point of treatments in dementia clinical trials. Measuring cognitive function by standardized tests, however, is biased toward highly constrained environments (such as hospitals) in selected samples. Patient-powered real-world evidence using information and communication technology devices, including environmental and wearable sensors, may help to overcome these limitations. This position paper describes current and novel information and communication technology devices and algorithms to monitor behavior and function in people with prodromal and manifest stages of dementia continuously, and discusses clinical, technological, ethical, regulatory, and user-centered requirements for collecting real-world evidence in future randomized controlled trials. Challenges of data safety, quality, and privacy and regulatory requirements need to be addressed by future smart sensor technologies. When these requirements are satisfied, these technologies will provide access to truly user relevant outcomes and broader cohorts of participants than currently sampled in clinical trials
Design Strategies for Playful Technologies to Support Light-intensity Physical Activity in the Workplace
Moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity has an established
preventative role in obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. However
recent evidence suggests that sitting time affects health negatively
independent of whether adults meet prescribed physical activity guidelines.
Since many of us spend long hours daily sitting in front of a host of
electronic screens, this is cause for concern. In this paper, we describe a set
of three prototype digital games created for encouraging light-intensity
physical activity during short breaks at work. The design of these kinds of
games is a complex process that must consider motivation strategies,
interaction methodology, usability and ludic aspects. We present design
guidelines for technologies that encourage physical activity in the workplace
that we derived from a user evaluation using the prototypes. Although the
design guidelines can be seen as general principles, we conclude that they have
to be considered differently for different workplace cultures and workspaces.
Our study was conducted with users who have some experience playing casual
games on their mobile devices and were able and willing to increase their
physical activity.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. Video:
http://living.media.mit.edu/projects/see-saw
Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Tools: From Research to Practice (A Workshop Summary).
In May 2017, a two-day workshop was held in Los Angeles (California, U.S.A.) to gather practitioners who work with low-cost sensors used to make air quality measurements. The community of practice included individuals from academia, industry, non-profit groups, community-based organizations, and regulatory agencies. The group gathered to share knowledge developed from a variety of pilot projects in hopes of advancing the collective knowledge about how best to use low-cost air quality sensors. Panel discussion topics included: (1) best practices for deployment and calibration of low-cost sensor systems, (2) data standardization efforts and database design, (3) advances in sensor calibration, data management, and data analysis and visualization, and (4) lessons learned from research/community partnerships to encourage purposeful use of sensors and create change/action. Panel discussions summarized knowledge advances and project successes while also highlighting the questions, unresolved issues, and technological limitations that still remain within the low-cost air quality sensor arena
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