25,503 research outputs found
The Role of Distinct Core Capabilities in Achieving Organizational Brilliance / An Exploratory Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Managers Working in the Iraqi General Company for Cement / Kufa Cement Factory
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to achieve several goals by defining the correlation and influence of distinct core capabilities (through its dimensions (organizational resources, human resources, capabilities)) in achieving organizational brilliance (through its dimensions of (brilliance in leadership, brilliance in service and innovation, brilliance in knowledge).
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Theoretical framework: The research dealt with the theoretical aspect of the concepts related to the variable of distinct fundamental capabilities and organizational brilliance as they are modern and contemporary concepts and have an administrative nature on business organizations that seek excellence and leadership in their field of business, where the Kufa Cement Factory was chosen as an applied field to show the extent of applying the essential capabilities that have positive effects in Achieving organizational brilliance in the laboratory.
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Design/methodology/approach: The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting the necessary data and information, through an intentional sample of (124) represented by senior administrations, heads of departments, directors of divisions and units in the Kufa cement factory, and the descriptive analytical method was used mainly in Presentation, analysis and interpretation of research information.Â
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Findings: The findings: Thebased on a set of statistical methods such as confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling method to measure the effect relationship, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, modified analysis and Pearson correlation through statistical programs (SPSS V.24; Amos V.23).
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Research, Practical & Social implications: The Among the most prominent findings of the research is the interest of the Kufa Cement Factory management in adopting distinct core capabilities and rationalizing their use in terms of attention to organizational resources, improving the internal work environment, and directing employees to cooperate and follow helpful behaviors and work in a team spirit in order to ensure the improvement of manufacturing, achieving the necessary goals and strengthening the basic capabilities of the plant from It would improve the level of organizational brilliance in the future study.
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Originality/value: The value of the study stems from its handling of an important sector, which is the industrial sector, as this sector is considered the most important and effective in the process of economic development
Effective brilliance amplification in neutron propagation-based phase contrast imaging
Propagation-based neutron phase-contrast tomography was demonstrated on an
insect sample, using the ISIS pulsed spallation source. In our proof-of-concept
low-fluence experiment the tomogram with Paganin-type phase-retrieval filter
applied exhibited an effective net boost of in the signal-to-noise
ratio as compared to an attenuation-based tomogram, implying an effective boost
in neutron brilliance of well over two orders of magnitude. The phase-retrieval
filter applies to monochromatic as well as poly-energetic neutron beams.
Expressions are provided for the optimal phase-contrast geometry as well as
conditions for the validity of the method. The underpinning theory is derived
under the assumption of the sample being composed of a single material, but
this can be generalized. The effective boost in brilliance may be employed to
give reduced acquisition time, or may instead be used to keep exposure times
fixed while improving contrast and spatial resolution
Nearly diffraction limited FTIR mapping using an ultrastable broadband femtosecond laser tunable from 1.33 to 8 µm
Micro-Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a widespread technique that enables broadband measurements of infrared active molecular vibrations at high sensitivity. SiC globars are often applied as light sources in tabletop systems, typically covering a spectral range from about 1 to 20 µm (10 000 - 500 cm−1) in FTIR spectrometers. However, measuring sample areas below 40x40 µm2 requires very long integration times due to their inherently low brilliance. This hampers the detection of ultrasmall samples, such as minute amounts of molecules or single nanoparticles. In this publication we extend the current limits of FTIR spectroscopy in terms of measurable sample areas, detection limit and speed by utilizing a broadband, tabletop laser system with MHz repetition rate and femtosecond pulse duration that covers the spectral region between 1250 - 7520 cm−1 (1.33 - 8 µm). We demonstrate mapping of a 150x150 µm2 sample of 100 nm thick molecule layers at 1430 cm−1 (7 µm) with 10x10 µm2 spatial resolution and a scan speed of 3.5 µm/sec. Compared to a similar globar measurement an order of magnitude lower noise is achieved, due to an excellent long-term wavelength and power stability, as well as an orders of magnitude higher brilliance
X-ray Near Field Speckle: Implementation and Critical Analysis
We have implemented the newly-introduced, coherence-based technique of x-ray
near-field speckle (XNFS) at 8-ID-I at the Advanced Photon Source. In the near
field regime of high-brilliance synchrotron x-rays scattered from a sample of
interest, it turns out, that, when the scattered radiation and the main beam
both impinge upon an x-ray area detector, the measured intensity shows
low-contrast speckles, resulting from interference between the incident and
scattered beams. We built a micrometer-resolution XNFS detector with a high
numerical aperture microscope objective and demonstrate its capability for
studying static structures and dynamics at longer length scales than
traditional far field x-ray scattering techniques. Specifically, we
characterized the structure and dynamics of dilute silica and polystyrene
colloidal samples. Our study reveals certain limitations of the XNFS technique,
which we discuss.Comment: 53 pages, 16 figure
Effects of ground movements on realistic guide models for the European Spallation Source
We model the effect of ground movement, based on empirical experience, on the
transport properties of long neutron guides by ray-tracing simulations. Our
results reproduce the large losses found by an earlier study for a simple
model, while for a more realistic engineering model of guide mounting, we find
the losses to be significantly smaller than earlier predicted. A detailed study
of the guide for the cold neutron spectrometer BIFROST at the European
Spallation Source shows that the loss is 7.0(5) % for wavelengths of 2.3-4.0
{\AA}; the typical operational wavelength range of the instrument. This amount
of loss does not call for mitigation by overillumination as suggested in the
previous work. Our work serves to quantify the robustness of the transport
properties of long neutron guides, in construction or planning at neutron
facilities worldwide.Comment: 8 pages, 12 figure
Generic guide concepts for the European Spallation Source
The construction of the European Spallation Source (ESS) faces many
challenges from the neutron beam transport point of view: The spallation source
is specified as being driven by a 5 MW beam of protons, each with 2 GeV energy,
and yet the requirements in instrument background suppression relative to
measured signal vary between 10 and 10. The energetic particles,
particularly above 20 MeV, which are expected to be produced in abundance in
the target, have to be filtered in order to make the beamlines safe,
operational and provide good quality measurements with low background.
We present generic neutron guides of short and medium length instruments
which are optimized for good performance at minimal cost. Direct line of sight
to the source is avoided twice, with either the first point out of line of
sight or both being inside the bunker (20\,m) to minimize shielding costs.
These guide geometries are regarded as a baseline to define standards for
instruments to be constructed at ESS. They are used to find commonalities and
develop principles and solutions for common problems. Lastly, we report the
impact of employing the over-illumination concept to mitigate losses from
random misalignment passively, and that over-illumination should be used
sparingly in key locations to be effective. For more widespread alignment
issues, a more direct, active approach is likely to be needed
Neutron Halo Isomers in Stable Nuclei and their Possible Application for the Production of Low Energy, Pulsed, Polarized Neutron Beams of High Intensity and High Brilliance
We propose to search for neutron halo isomers populated via -capture
in stable nuclei with mass numbers of about A=140-180 or A=40-60, where the
or neutron shell model state reaches zero binding energy.
These halo nuclei can be produced for the first time with new -beams of
high intensity and small band width ( 0.1%) achievable via Compton
back-scattering off brilliant electron beams thus offering a promising
perspective to selectively populate these isomers with small separation
energies of 1 eV to a few keV. Similar to single-neutron halo states for very
light, extremely neutron-rich, radioactive nuclei
\cite{hansen95,tanihata96,aumann00}, the low neutron separation energy and
short-range nuclear force allows the neutron to tunnel far out into free space
much beyond the nuclear core radius. This results in prolonged half lives of
the isomers for the -decay back to the ground state in the 100
ps-s range. Similar to the treatment of photodisintegration of the
deuteron, the neutron release from the neutron halo isomer via a second,
low-energy, intense photon beam has a known much larger cross section with a
typical energy threshold behavior. In the second step, the neutrons can be
released as a low-energy, pulsed, polarized neutron beam of high intensity and
high brilliance, possibly being much superior to presently existing beams from
reactors or spallation neutron sources.Comment: accepted for publication in Applied Physics
Intellectual Brilliance and Presidential Performance: Why Pure Intelligence (or Openness) Doesn't Suffice.
In recent years it has become popular on the internet to debate the IQ of the incumbent president of the United States. Yet, these controversies (and hoaxes) presume that IQ has some relevance to understanding the president's actual performance as the nation's leader. This assumption is examined by reviewing the empirical research on the intelligence-performance association in political leadership, with a special focus on U.S. presidents. The review starts by discussing at-a-distance assessment techniques, a method that has yielded reliable and valid measures of IQ, Intellectual Brilliance, and Openness to Experience; three correlated even if separable concepts. The discussion then turns to the reliable and valid measurement of presidential performance-or "greatness"-via successive surveys of hundreds of experts. These two lines of research then converged on the emergence of a six-predictor equation, in which Intellectual Brilliance plays a major role, to the exclusion of both IQ and Openness. The greatest presidents are those who feature wide interests, and who are artistic, inventive, curious, intelligent, sophisticated, complicated, insightful, wise, and idealistic (but who are far from being either dull or commonplace). These are the personal traits we should look for in the person who occupies the nation's highest office if we seek someone most likely to solve the urgent problems of today and tomorrow
An improved elliptic guide concept for a homogeneous neutron beam without direct line of sight
Ballistic neutron guides are efficient for neutron transport over long
distances, and in particular elliptically shaped guides have received much
attention lately. However, elliptic neutron guides generally deliver an
inhomogeneous divergence distribution when used with a small source, and do not
allow kinks or curvature to avoid a direct view from source to sample. In this
article, a kinked double-elliptic solution is found for neutron transport to a
small sample from a small (virtual) source, as given e.g. for instruments using
a pinhole beam extraction with a focusing feeder. A guide consisting of two
elliptical parts connected by a linear kinked section is shown by VITESS
simulations to deliver a high brilliance transfer as well as a homogeneous
divergence distribution while avoiding direct line of sight to the source. It
performs better than a recently proposed ellipse-parabola hybrid when used in a
ballistic context with a kinked or curved central part. Another recently
proposed solution, an analytically determined non-linear focusing guide shape,
is applied here for the first time in a kinked and curved ballistic context.
The latter is shown to yield comparable results for long wavelength neutrons as
the guide design found here, with a larger inhomogeneity in the divergence but
higher transmission of thermal neutrons. It needs however a larger (virtual)
source and might be more difficult to build in a real instrument
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