62,753 research outputs found
Automotive Stirling Engine Development Program
Program status and plans are discussed for component and technology development; reference engine system design, the upgraded Mod 1 engine; industry test and evaluation; and product assurance. Four current Mod 1 engines reached a total of 2523 operational hours, while two upgraded engines accumulated 166 hours
Machine learning from coronas using parametrization of images
We were interested to develop an algorithm for detection of coronas of people in altered states of consciousness (two-classes problem). Such coronas are known to have rings (double coronas), special branch-like structure of streamers and/or curious spots. We used several approaches to parametrization of images and various machine learning algorithms. We compared results of computer algorithms with the human expert’s accuracy. Results show that computer algorithms can achieve the same or even better accuracy than that of human experts
A New method for Analysis of Biomolecules Using the BSM-SG Atomic Models
Biomolecules and particularly proteins and DNA exhibit some mysterious features that cannot find satisfactory
explanation by quantum mechanical modes of atoms. One of them, known as a Levinthal’s paradox, is the ability
to preserve their complex three-dimensional structure in appropriate environments. Another one is that they possess
some unknown energy mechanism. The Basic Structures of Matter Supergravitation Unified Theory (BSM-SG) allows
uncovering the real physical structures of the elementary particles and their spatial arrangement in atomic nuclei. The
resulting physical models of the atoms are characterized by the same interaction energies as the quantum mechanical
models, while the structure of the elementary particles influence their spatial arrangement in the nuclei. The resulting
atomic models with fully identifiable parameters and angular positions of the quantum orbits permit studying the physical
conditions behind the structural and bonding restrictions of the atoms connected in molecules. A new method for a
theoretical analysis of biomolecules is proposed. The analysis of a DNA molecule leads to formulation of hypotheses
about the energy storage mechanism in DNA and its role in the cell cycle synchronization. This permits shedding a light
on the DNA feature known as a C-value paradox. The analysis of a tRNA molecule leads to formulation of a hypothesis
about a binary decoding mechanism behind the 20 flavors of the complex aminoacyle-tRNA synthetases - tRNA, known
as a paradox
Block 2 SRM conceptual design studies. Volume 1, Book 1: Conceptual design package
The conceptual design studies of a Block 2 Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) require the elimination of asbestos-filled insulation and was open to alternate designs, such as case changes, different propellants, modified burn rate - to improve reliability and performance. Limitations were placed on SRM changes such that the outside geometry should not impact the physical interfaces with other Space Shuttle elements and should have minimum changes to the aerodynamic and dynamic characteristics of the Space Shuttle vehicle. Previous Space Shuttle SRM experience was assessed and new design concepts combined to define a valid approach to assured flight success and economic operation of the STS. Trade studies, preliminary designs, analyses, plans, and cost estimates are documented
Infrared emission from interstellar dust cloud with two embedded sources: IRAS 19181+1349
Mid and far infrared maps of many Galactic star forming regions show multiple
peaks in close proximity, implying more than one embedded energy sources. With
the aim of understanding such interstellar clouds better, the present study
models the case of two embedded sources. A radiative transfer scheme has been
developed to deal with an uniform density dust cloud in a cylindrical geometry,
which includes isotropic scattering in addition to the emission and absorption
processes. This scheme has been applied to the Galactic star forming region
associated with IRAS 19181+1349, which shows observational evidence for two
embedded energy sources. Two independent modelling approaches have been
adopted, viz., to fit the observed spectral energy distribution (SED) best; or
to fit the various radial profiles best, as a function of wavelength. Both the
models imply remarkably similar physical parameters.Comment: 17 pages, 6 Figures, uses epsf.sty. To appear in Journal of
Astronophysics & Astronom
Fifty years of the CERN Proton Synchrotron : Volume 2
This report sums up in two volumes the first 50 years of operation of the
CERN Proton Synchrotron. After an introduction on the genesis of the machine,
and a description of its magnet and powering systems, the first volume focuses
on some of the many innovations in accelerator physics and instrumentation that
it has pioneered, such as transition crossing, RF gymnastics, extractions,
phase space tomography, or transverse emittance measurement by wire scanners.
The second volume describes the other machines in the PS complex: the proton
linear accelerators, the PS Booster, the LEP pre-injector, the heavy-ion linac
and accumulator, and the antiproton rings.Comment: 58 pages, published as CERN Yellow Report
https://cds.cern.ch/record/1597087?ln=e
Automotive Stirling Engine Development Program
Mod I engine testing and test results, the test of a Mod I engine in the United States, Mod I engine characterization and analysis, Mod I Transient Test Bed fuel economy, Mod I-A engine performance are discussed. Stirling engine reference engine manufacturing and reduced size studies, components and subsystems, and the study and test of low-cost casting alloys are also covered. The overall program philosophy is outlined, and data and results are presented
SMAUG: a new technique for the deprojection of galaxy clusters
This paper presents a new technique for reconstructing the spatial
distributions of hydrogen, temperature and metal abundance of a galaxy cluster.
These quantities are worked out from the X-ray spectrum, modeled starting from
few analytical functions describing their spatial distributions. These
functions depend upon some parameters, determined by fitting the model to the
observed spectrum. We have implemented this technique as a new model in the
XSPEC software analysis package. We describe the details of the method, and
apply it to work out the structure of the cluster A1795. We combine the
observation of three satellites, exploiting the high spatial resolution of
Chandra for the cluster core, the wide collecting area of XMM-Newton for the
intermediate regions and the large field of view of Beppo-SAX for the outer
regions. We also test the validity and precision of our method by i) comparing
its results with those from a geometrical deprojection, ii) examining the
spectral residuals at different radii of the cluster and iii) reprojecting the
unfolded profiles and comparing them directly to the measured quantities. Our
analytical method yields the parameters defining the spatial functions directly
from the spectra. Their explicit knowledge allows a straightforward derivation
of other indirect physical quantities like the gravitating mass, as well as a
fast and easy estimate of the profiles uncertainties.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables; emulateapj; accepted for publication
in the Astrophysical Journa
A systematic review of methods to immobilise breast tissue during adjuvant breast irradiation
Greater use of 3D conformal, Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and external beam partial breast irradiation following local excision (LE) for breast cancer has necessitated a review of the effectiveness of immobilisation methods to stabilise breast tissue.
To identify the suitability of currently available breast (rather than thorax) immobilisation techniques an appraisal of the literature was undertaken. The aim was to identify and evaluate the benefit of additional or novel immobilisation approaches (beyond the standard supine, single arm abducted and angled breast board technique adopted in most radiotherapy departments). A database search was supplemented with an individual search of key radiotherapy peer-reviewed journals, author searching, and searching of the grey literature. A total of 27 articles met the inclusion criteria.
The review identified good reproducibility of the thorax using the standard supine arm-pole technique. Reproducibility with the prone technique appears inferior to supine methods (based on data from existing randomised controlled trials). Assessing the effectiveness of additional breast support devices (such as rings or thermoplastic material) is hampered by small sample sizes and a lack of randomised data for comparison.
Attention to breast immobilisation is recommended, as well as agreement on how breast stability should be measured using volumetric imaging.
Keywords: Breast, immobilisation, positioning, reproducibility, review.</p
- …