3,927 research outputs found

    Semantic media decision taking using N3Logic

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    Format-independent media resource adaptation and delivery

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    Format-independent and metadata-driven media resource adaptation using semantic web technologies

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    Adaptation of media resources is an emerging field due to the growing amount of multimedia content on the one hand and an increasing diversity in usage environments on the other hand. Furthermore, to deal with a plethora of coding and metadata formats, format-independent adaptation systems are important. In this paper, we present a new format-independent adaptation system. The proposed adaptation system relies on a model that takes into account the structural metadata, semantic metadata, and scalability information of media bitstreams. The model is implemented using the web ontology language. Existing coding formats are mapped to the structural part of the model, while existing metadata standards can be linked to the semantic part of the model. Our new adaptation technique, which is called RDF-driven content adaptation, is based on executing SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language queries over instances of the model for media bitstreams. Using different criteria, RDF-driven content adaptation is compared to other adaptation techniques. Next to real-time execution times, RDF-driven content adaptation provides a high abstraction level for the definition of adaptations and allows a seamless integration with existing semantic metadata standards

    Description-driven Adaptation of Media Resources

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    The current multimedia landscape is characterized by a significant diversity in terms of available media formats, network technologies, and device properties. This heterogeneity has resulted in a number of new challenges, such as providing universal access to multimedia content. A solution for this diversity is the use of scalable bit streams, as well as the deployment of a complementary system that is capable of adapting scalable bit streams to the constraints imposed by a particular usage environment (e.g., the limited screen resolution of a mobile device). This dissertation investigates the use of an XML-driven (Extensible Markup Language) framework for the format-independent adaptation of scalable bit streams. Using this approach, the structure of a bit stream is first translated into an XML description. In a next step, the resulting XML description is transformed to reflect a desired adaptation of the bit stream. Finally, the transformed XML description is used to create an adapted bit stream that is suited for playback in the targeted usage environment. The main contribution of this dissertation is BFlavor, a new tool for exposing the syntax of binary media resources as an XML description. Its development was inspired by two other technologies, i.e. MPEG-21 BSDL (Bitstream Syntax Description Language) and XFlavor (Formal Language for Audio-Visual Object Representation, extended with XML features). Although created from a different point of view, both languages offer solutions for translating the syntax of a media resource into an XML representation for further processing. BFlavor (BSDL+XFlavor) harmonizes the two technologies by combining their strengths and eliminating their weaknesses. The expressive power and performance of a BFlavor-based content adaptation chain, compared to tool chains entirely based on either BSDL or XFlavor, were investigated by several experiments. One series of experiments targeted the exploitation of multi-layered temporal scalability in H.264/AVC, paying particular attention to the use of sub-sequences and hierarchical coding patterns, as well as to the use of metadata messages to communicate the bit stream structure to the adaptation logic. BFlavor was the only tool to offer an elegant and practical solution for XML-driven adaptation of H.264/AVC bit streams in the temporal domain

    NinSuna: a fully integrated platform for format-independent multimedia content adaptation and delivery using Semantic Web technologies

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    The current multimedia landscape is characterized by a significant heterogeneity in terms of coding and delivery formats, usage environments, and user preferences. The main contribution of this paper is a discussion of the design and functioning of a fully integrated platform for multimedia adaptation and delivery, called NinSuna. This platform is able to efficiently deal with the aforementioned heterogeneity in the present-day multimedia ecosystem, thanks to the use of format-agnostic adaptation engines (i.e., engines independent of the underlying coding format) and format-agnostic packaging engines (i.e., engines independent of the underlying delivery format). Moreover, NinSuna also provides a seamless integration between metadata standards and adaptation processes. Both our format-independent adaptation and packaging techniques rely on a model for multimedia bitstreams, describing the structural, semantic, and scalability properties of these multimedia streams. News sequences were used as a test case for our platform, enabling the user to select news fragments matching his/her specific interests and usage environment characteristics

    {WAVA}: a New Web Service for Automatic Video Data Flow Adaptation in Heterogeneous Collaborative Environments

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    International audienceThe progressive needs for using video streaming for different applications in varied domains have created a new set of heterogeneous environments. In order to get the best performance of such environments, video streaming has to be adapted to the different parameters that characterize these environments, namely: bandwidth, CPU, GPU, screen resolution, etc. In this paper, we define a new web service, named Wava (Web service for Automatic Video Data Flows Adaptation). Wava allows multimedia platform to adjust the adaptation at two levels: the static level during initialization and the dynamic level according to the fluctuation of the environment
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