31,101 research outputs found
A Shared Ontology Approach to Semantic Representation of BIM Data
Architecture, engineering, construction and facility management (AEC-FM) projects involve a large number of participants that must exchange information and combine their knowledge for successful completion of a project. Currently, most of the AEC-FM domains store their information about a project in text documents or use XML, relational, or object-oriented formats that make information integration difficult. The AEC-FM industry is not taking advantage of the full potential of the Semantic Web for streamlining sharing, connecting, and combining information from different domains. The Semantic Web is designed to solve the information integration problem by creating a web of structured and connected data that can be processed by machines. It allows combining information from different sources with different underlying schemas distributed over the Internet. In the Semantic Web, all data instances and data schema are stored in a graph data store, which makes it easy to merge data from different sources. This paper presents a shared ontology approach to semantic representation of building information. The semantic representation of building information facilitates finding and integrating building information distributed in several knowledge bases. A case study demonstrates the development of a semantic based building design knowledge base
Semantic Technologies for Manuscript Descriptions ā Concepts and Visions
The contribution at hand relates recent developments in the area of the World Wide
Web to codicological research. In the last number of years, an informational extension
of the internet has been discussed and extensively researched: the Semantic Web. It
has already been applied in many areas, including digital information processing of
cultural heritage data. The Semantic Web facilitates the organisation and linking of
data across websites, according to a given semantic structure. Software can then process
this structural and semantic information to extract further knowledge. In the area
of codicological research, many institutions are making efforts to improve the online
availability of handwritten codices. If these resources could also employ Semantic
Web techniques, considerable research potential could be unleashed. However, data
acquisition from less structured data sources will be problematic. In particular, data
stemming from unstructured sources needs to be made accessible to SemanticWeb tools
through information extraction techniques. In the area of museum research, the CIDOC
Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) has been widely examined and is being adopted
successfully. The CRM translates well to Semantic Web research, and its concentration
on contextualization of objects could support approaches in codicological research.
Further concepts for the creation and management of bibliographic coherences and
structured vocabularies related to the CRM will be considered in this chapter. Finally, a
user scenario showing all processing steps in their context will be elaborated on
Grammar-Based Geodesics in Semantic Networks
A geodesic is the shortest path between two vertices in a connected network.
The geodesic is the kernel of various network metrics including radius,
diameter, eccentricity, closeness, and betweenness. These metrics are the
foundation of much network research and thus, have been studied extensively in
the domain of single-relational networks (both in their directed and undirected
forms). However, geodesics for single-relational networks do not translate
directly to multi-relational, or semantic networks, where vertices are
connected to one another by any number of edge labels. Here, a more
sophisticated method for calculating a geodesic is necessary. This article
presents a technique for calculating geodesics in semantic networks with a
focus on semantic networks represented according to the Resource Description
Framework (RDF). In this framework, a discrete "walker" utilizes an abstract
path description called a grammar to determine which paths to include in its
geodesic calculation. The grammar-based model forms a general framework for
studying geodesic metrics in semantic networks.Comment: First draft written in 200
SNOMED CT standard ontology based on the ontology for general medical science
Background: Systematized Nomenclature of MedicineāClinical Terms (SNOMED CT, hereafter abbreviated SCT) is acomprehensive medical terminology used for standardizing the storage, retrieval, and exchange of electronic healthdata. Some efforts have been made to capture the contents of SCT as Web Ontology Language (OWL), but theseefforts have been hampered by the size and complexity of SCT.
Method: Our proposal here is to develop an upper-level ontology and to use it as the basis for defining the termsin SCT in a way that will support quality assurance of SCT, for example, by allowing consistency checks ofdefinitions and the identification and elimination of redundancies in the SCT vocabulary. Our proposed upper-levelSCT ontology (SCTO) is based on the Ontology for General Medical Science (OGMS).
Results: The SCTO is implemented in OWL 2, to support automatic inference and consistency checking. Theapproach will allow integration of SCT data with data annotated using Open Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundryontologies, since the use of OGMS will ensure consistency with the Basic Formal Ontology, which is the top-levelontology of the OBO Foundry. Currently, the SCTO contains 304 classes, 28 properties, 2400 axioms, and 1555annotations. It is publicly available through the bioportal athttp://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/SCTO/.
Conclusion: The resulting ontology can enhance the semantics of clinical decision support systems and semanticinteroperability among distributed electronic health records. In addition, the populated ontology can be used forthe automation of mobile health applications
RDF Querying
Reactive Web systems, Web services, and Web-based publish/
subscribe systems communicate events as XML messages, and in
many cases require composite event detection: it is not sufficient to react
to single event messages, but events have to be considered in relation to
other events that are received over time.
Emphasizing language design and formal semantics, we describe the
rule-based query language XChangeEQ for detecting composite events.
XChangeEQ is designed to completely cover and integrate the four complementary
querying dimensions: event data, event composition, temporal
relationships, and event accumulation. Semantics are provided as
model and fixpoint theories; while this is an established approach for rule
languages, it has not been applied for event queries before
- ā¦