524 research outputs found
Globalizing Fairness Attributes in Machine Learning: A Case Study on Health in Africa
With growing machine learning (ML) applications in healthcare, there have
been calls for fairness in ML to understand and mitigate ethical concerns these
systems may pose. Fairness has implications for global health in Africa, which
already has inequitable power imbalances between the Global North and South.
This paper seeks to explore fairness for global health, with Africa as a case
study. We propose fairness attributes for consideration in the African context
and delineate where they may come into play in different ML-enabled medical
modalities. This work serves as a basis and call for action for furthering
research into fairness in global health
A Learning of New Zealand: a Step Toward Good Governance for Indonesia
A number of public finance management reforms over the last several decades have served to improve governance in Indonesia. In too many cases, however, reform measures have failed to realize their full potential. Certainly the need for fundamental change was widely accepted. Indonesia has been examining major public finance reform initiatives in a number of jurisdictions that are relevant to Indonesia, with a view to fostering improvements in governance. Our examination of reforms in New Zealand encompassed an extensive review of the literatures. From the New Zealand\u27s experience, it will be an input for implementing good governance in Indonesia
An Emergent Approach to Text Analysis Based on a Connectionist Model and the Web
In this paper, we present a method to provide proactive assistance in text checking, based on usage relationships between words structuralized on the Web. For a given sentence, the method builds a connectionist structure of relationships between word n-grams. Such structure is then parameterized by means of an unsupervised and language agnostic optimization process. Finally, the method provides a representation of the sentence that allows emerging the least prominent usage-based relational patterns, helping to easily find badly-written and unpopular text. The study includes the problem statement and its characterization in the literature, as well as the proposed solving approach and some experimental use
Deconstructing and reinventing the concept of multilingualism: A case study of the Mauritian sociolinguistic landscape
This article aims at deconstructing the conception of multilingualism developed in mainstream sociolinguistics by critically examining the assumptions underlying this trend of research, which is grounded in the scholarship of Labov (1972), Fishman (1984) and even Gumperz (1972). In order to engage in that discussion, we use the Mauritian sociolinguistic landscape, as described by researchers following that tradition, as a case. We, thus, carry out a meta-analysis of existing sociolinguistic research conducted in Mauritius, which serve to illustrate the extent to which knowledge produced bear the influence of the structuralist approach. Then, we critically discuss and reflect upon the assumptions underpinning such research, and in so doing, challenge key concepts such as language and diglossia. Finally, we open a discussion on the need to adopt an alternative epistemological position in order to construct a different type of interpretation of the phenomenon following the ground-breaking work of scholars such as Makoni and Pennycook (2007), Herdina and Jessner (2002), Blackledge and Creese (2010), Garcia (2009) and de Robillard (2005, 2007).Key words: Multilingualism, language, diglossia, linguistic ethnography, translanguagin
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