1,969 research outputs found
Supporting shape reinterpretation with eye tracking
It has been argued that reinterpretation is an essential process in design generation and idea exploration. However, computational design tools, such as computer-aided design systems, offer poor support for shape reinterpretation, and as such are not well suited to ideation in conceptual design. One of the key difficulties in implementing computational systems that support shape reinterpretation is the issue of interface â how can a user intuitively guide a system with respect to their interpretation of a designed shape? In this paper, a software prototype is presented that uses an eye tracking interface to support reinterpretation of shapes according to recognised subshapes. The prototype is based on eye tracking studies, and uses gaze data and user input to restructure designed shapes so that they afford manipulation according to usersâ interpretations
Morphological interpolation for texture coding
In this paper a new morphological interpolation technique is presented. It is applied to the coding of the smooth (primary) component in a sketch-based image compression approach for very low bit-rates. The interpolation technique is intended to perform two dimensional interpolation from any set of initial pixels and, in particular, from sketch data. It makes intensive use of geodesic dilation, a morphological operator that may be implemented by means of FIFO queues. This results in a very efficient process compared to those that perform interpolation by linear filtering on the initial image. For the application of this method to interpolative image coding, the sketch data is extracted as a set of maximum curvature lines by means of the watershed algorithm. From such information, the interpolation technique obtains a fair reconstruction of both the smooth texture component and the main transitions of the image signal at low bit-rate cost.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Supporting reinterpretation in computer-aided conceptual design
This paper presents research that aims to inform the development of computational tools that better support design exploration and idea transformation - key objectives in conceptual design. Analyses of experimental data from two fields - product design and architecture - suggest that the interactions of designers with their sketches can be formalised according to a finite number of generalised shape rules defined within a shape grammar. Such rules can provide a basis for the generation of alternative design concepts and they have informed the development of a prototype shape synthesis system that supports dynamic reinterpretation of shapes in design activity. The notion of 'sub-shapes' is introduced and the significance of these to perception, recognition and the development of emergent structures is discussed. The paper concludes with some speculation on how such a system might find application in a range of design fields
Design synthesis and shape generation
If we are to capitalise on the potential that a design approach might bring to innovation in business and society, we need to build a better understanding of the evolving skill-sets that designers will need and the contexts within which design might operate. This demands more discourse between those involved in cutting edge practice, the researchers who help to uncover principles, codify knowledge and create theories and the educators who are nurturing future design talent. This book promotes such a discourse by reporting on the work of twenty research teams who explored different facets of future design activity as part of Phase 2 of the UK's research council supported Designing for the 21st Century Research Initiative. Each of these contributions describes the origins of the project, the research team and their project aims, the research methods used and the new knowledge and understanding generated. Editor and Initiative Director, Professor Tom Inns, provides an introductory chapter that suggests ways the reader might navigate these viewpoints. This chapter concludes with an overview of the key lessons that might be learnt from this collection of design research activity
Shape exploration in design : formalising and supporting a transformational process
The process of sketching can support the sort of transformational thinking that is seen as essential for the interpretation and reinterpretation of ideas in innovative design. Such transformational thinking, however, is not yet well supported by computer-aided design systems. In this paper, outcomes of experimental investigations into the mechanics of sketching are described, in particular those employed by practising architects and industrial designers as they responded to a series of conceptual design tasks,. Analyses of the experimental data suggest that the interactions of designers with their sketches can be formalised according to a finite number of generalised shape rules. A set of shape rules, formalising the reinterpretation and transformations of shapes, e.g. through deformation or restructuring, are presented. These rules are suggestive of the manipulations that need to be afforded in computational tools intended to support designers in design exploration. Accordingly, the results of the experimental investigations informed the development of a prototype shape synthesis system, and a discussion is presented in which the future requirements of such systems are explored
A fast approach for perceptually-based fitting strokes into elliptical arcs
Fitting elliptical arcs to strokes of an input sketch is discussed. We describe an approach which automatically combines existing algorithms to get a balance of speed and precision. For measuring precision, we introduce fast metrics which are based on perceptual criteria and are tolerant of sketching imperfections. We return a likelihood estimate based on these metrics rather than deterministic yes/no result, in order that the approach can be used in higher-level collaborative-decision recognition flows.1) Ramon y Cajal Scholarship Programme
2) "Pla de PromocioĚ de la InvestigacioĚ de la Universitat Jaume I", project P1 1B2010-0
Questioning the Philosophical Influence of Beauty and Perception in Bramante\u27s Fist Scheme for St Peter\u27s
The association between the architects of the Renaissance and the philosophy of Plato has long been upheld and reiterated. However recent authors such as Alina Payne and Christine Smith have shown this scholarship to be somewhat limited and reactionary. A closer examination of Donato Bramanteâs early scheme for the design of the new St. Peterâs basilica demonstrates such limitations of the singular Platonic associations that have been previously made. By studying the philosophical influences that Bramante may have been exposed to throughout his education and early career, a decidedly Aristotelian influence emerges. The design for St. Peterâs, as presented on the Parchment Plan, reveals a continuation of the employment of Aristotelian aesthetics, which are dramatically distinct and oppositional to Platonic aesthetics in the appreciation of human perception
Shape interpretation with design computing
How information is interpreted has significant impact on how it can be used. This is particularly important in design where information from a wide variety of sources is used in a wide variety of contexts and in a wide variety of ways. This paper is concerned with the information that is created, modified and analysed during design processes, specifically with the information that is represented in shapes. It investigates how design computing seeks to support these processes, and the difficulties that arise when it is necessary to consider alternative interpretations of shape. The aim is to establish the problem of shape interpretation as a general challenge for research in design computing, rather than a difficulty that is to be overcome within specific processes. Shape interpretations are common characteristics of several areas of enquiry in design computing. This paper reviews these, brings an integrated perspective and draws conclusions about how this underlying process can be supported
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