Artificial Immune Systems - Models, algorithms and applications

Copyright © 2010 Academic Research Publishing Agency.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are computational paradigms that belong to the computational intelligence family and are inspired by the biological immune system. During the past decade, they have attracted a lot of interest from researchers aiming to develop immune-based models and techniques to solve complex computational or engineering problems. This work presents a survey of existing AIS models and algorithms with a focus on the last five years.This article is available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fun

Harmonic balance surrogate-based immunity modeling of a nonlinear analog circuit

A novel harmonic balance surrogate-based technique to create fast and accurate behavioral models predicting, in the early design stage, the performance of nonlinear analog devices during immunity tests is presented. The obtained immunity model hides the real netlist, reduces the simulation time, and avoids expensive and time-consuming measurements after tape-out, while still providing high accuracy. The model can easily be integrated into a circuit simulator together with additional subcircuits, e.g., board and package models, as such allowing to efficiently reproduce complete immunity test setups during the early design stage and without disclosing any intellectual property. The novel method is validated by means of application to an industrial case study, being an automotive voltage regulator, clearly showing the technique's capabilities and practical advantages

Age-related changes to lumbosacral spinal cord motoneurons that modulate bladder and bowel functions in male C57BL/6 mice

Incontinence and sexual dysfunction are often increased in the aged human population. In rats and mice the pattern of micturition and faecal clearance also changes with ageing and is suggestive of bladder and bowel dysfunction

Age-related changes in blood-brain barrier integrity in C57BL/6J mice

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by the endothelial cells of the brain microvasculature, which control the molecular traffic between the blood and brain to maintain the neural microenvironment

Ultrastructural analysis of changes in neurons of the mouse internal anal sphincter during ageing

Gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic constipation, faecal impaction and incontinence, are a major cause of morbidity in the elderly