642 research outputs found
Partitionable starters for twin prime power type
AbstractSkew starters, balanced starters, partitionable starters are used in the construction of various combinatorial designs and configurations such as Room squares, Howell designs and Howell rotations. In this paper, we construct partitionable starters of order n when n is a product of two prime powers differing by 2. These partitionable starters are shown to be skew for n â©Ÿ 143. The results imply the existence of certain balanced Howell rotations. Moreover, we show the existence of partionable balanced starters of order n = 2m â1
Quantum nonlinear optics: applications to quantum metrology, imaging, and information
The fields of quantum and nonlinear optics have given rise to a variety of nonclassical states of light that have been proven to surpass certain limitations set by classical physics. Namely, certain squeezed and entangled states have been shown to beat the shot-noise limit when making precision phase measurements in interferometry, as well as write lithographic patterns that are smaller than classically allowed by the Rayleigh diffraction limit. Additionally, single-photon sources and entangled photon pairs have given rise to provably secure quantum key distribution for cryptography. Producing these quantum states of light has proven a difficult task. Nonlinear crystals, when pumped by a laser, produce pairs of single photons via the process of spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). This process is mediated by the second order nonlinear susceptibility of the material. When pumped in a high gain regime, these crystals give rise to optical parametric amplification, which is a viable source of squeezed light. The vast majority of research in this area has focused on crystals that are seeded by vacuum in their two modes. This dissertation concerns the field of quantum nonlinear optics. It is an investigation into the processes that occur when nonlinear materials interact with the electromagnetic field on the single photon level. I have focused on seeding nonlinear crystals with quantum states of light, including single photons and entangled states. This process results in various states directly applicable to interferometry, imaging, and cryptography. Another application investigated is an absolute radiance measurement via stimulated parametric down conversion resulting from non-vacuum seeding of a nonlinear crystal. Additionally, other nonlinear processes, including four-wave mixing, nonlinear magneto-optical effects and coherent population trapping in warm atomic vapor involving quantum states of light are investigated. The process of seeding third-order nonlinear interactions, such as in atomic vapors, gives rise to a variety of interesting, nonclassical phenomena such as entangled image transfer and nonlocal imaging. Strong analogies between SPDC and four-wave mixing are drawn. I also experimentally show an all optical pi-only phase shift of one light beam via another in warm Cesium vapor
Quantum Cloning Machines and the Applications
No-cloning theorem is fundamental for quantum mechanics and for quantum
information science that states an unknown quantum state cannot be cloned
perfectly. However, we can try to clone a quantum state approximately with the
optimal fidelity, or instead, we can try to clone it perfectly with the largest
probability. Thus various quantum cloning machines have been designed for
different quantum information protocols. Specifically, quantum cloning machines
can be designed to analyze the security of quantum key distribution protocols
such as BB84 protocol, six-state protocol, B92 protocol and their
generalizations. Some well-known quantum cloning machines include universal
quantum cloning machine, phase-covariant cloning machine, the asymmetric
quantum cloning machine and the probabilistic quantum cloning machine etc. In
the past years, much progress has been made in studying quantum cloning
machines and their applications and implementations, both theoretically and
experimentally. In this review, we will give a complete description of those
important developments about quantum cloning and some related topics. On the
other hand, this review is self-consistent, and in particular, we try to
present some detailed formulations so that further study can be taken based on
those results.Comment: 98 pages, 12 figures, 400+ references. Physics Reports (published
online
Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences Proceedings 2019
The conference proceedings of the Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences biannual conference, May 29-June 1, 2019 at Indiana Wesleyan University
Towards a High Quality Polarization-Entangled Multi-photon Source
Master'sMASTER OF SCIENC
Multiphoton Quantum Optics and Quantum State Engineering
We present a review of theoretical and experimental aspects of multiphoton
quantum optics. Multiphoton processes occur and are important for many aspects
of matter-radiation interactions that include the efficient ionization of atoms
and molecules, and, more generally, atomic transition mechanisms;
system-environment couplings and dissipative quantum dynamics; laser physics,
optical parametric processes, and interferometry. A single review cannot
account for all aspects of such an enormously vast subject. Here we choose to
concentrate our attention on parametric processes in nonlinear media, with
special emphasis on the engineering of nonclassical states of photons and
atoms. We present a detailed analysis of the methods and techniques for the
production of genuinely quantum multiphoton processes in nonlinear media, and
the corresponding models of multiphoton effective interactions. We review
existing proposals for the classification, engineering, and manipulation of
nonclassical states, including Fock states, macroscopic superposition states,
and multiphoton generalized coherent states. We introduce and discuss the
structure of canonical multiphoton quantum optics and the associated one- and
two-mode canonical multiphoton squeezed states. This framework provides a
consistent multiphoton generalization of two-photon quantum optics and a
consistent Hamiltonian description of multiphoton processes associated to
higher-order nonlinearities. Finally, we discuss very recent advances that by
combining linear and nonlinear optical devices allow to realize multiphoton
entangled states of the electromnagnetic field, that are relevant for
applications to efficient quantum computation, quantum teleportation, and
related problems in quantum communication and information.Comment: 198 pages, 36 eps figure
The Symphonies of John Kinsella
SĂ©amas de Barra
The Symphonies of John Kinsella
ABSTRACT
This thesis offers the first comprehensive analytical and critical study of the symphonies of John Kinsella (b. 1932), one of the leading figures in contemporary Irish music. This cycle of ten works represents the most substantial contribution to the genre by an Irish composer, and Kinsellaâs varied handling to the form is examined and discussed in relation both to historical and contemporary developments. While his understanding of musical structure and the manner in which he shapes musical time are deeply indebted to the work of Jean Sibelius, Kinsellaâs compositional idiom is derived from a personal adaptation of serialism in which the technique of the note-row is manipulated to readmit the forces of tonal attraction. The result of these twin influences is an arrestingly individual approach to composition, the development of which is traced across the cycle as each of the symphonies in turn is subjected to extensive analysis. Because he chose to pursue an independent path in the 1980s, Kinsella seemed a somewhat isolated figure to his contemporaries. Retrospectively, his work can be seen as instinctively in tune with broader developments, however, as both serialism (understood as a way of thinking rather than as a style) and the music of Sibelius have emerged as two of the dominant influences on current musical thinking
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