Propuesta de protocolo GIS y de utilización de un entorno 3d para la intervención arqueológica 2015 en cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia)

Presentamos en este trabajo el protocolo seguido para la digitalización de la información de los trabajos de campo y la reconstrucción virtual de la estratigrafía en el yacimiento prehistórico de Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia). La implementación GIS se ha efectuado mediante el uso del programa OpenJUMP mientras que para la recreación del entorno 3D se han utilizado los programas de software libre Meshlab, Paraview, CloudCompare y R. Los resultados presentados corresponden a un avance de la digitalización de la estratigrafía de los sondeos efectuados en la intervención llevada a cabo entre los meses de Junio y Julio del año 2015.With this paper we mean to present our procedure for the digitalization of the field information, as well as the virtual stratigraphical reconstruction, of the site of Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia). The main tool for GIS implementation has been the OpenJUMP, whilst for the 3D recreation of the cave virtual environment Meshlab, Paraview, Cloud Compare and R open software have been used. According to the data recovered during the last intervention, accomplished between June and July 2015, we present a preview of the digitalization of the stratigraphy of the excavated sectors.http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/arqueologica20/arqueologica8/paper/view/4205, accessed December 16, 2016

Geographically Referenced Data for Social Science

An estimated 80% of all information has a spatial reference. Information about households as well as environmental data can be linked to precise locations in the real world. This offers benefits for combining different datasets via the spatial location and, furthermore, spatial indicators such as distance and accessibility can be included in analyses and models. HSpatial patterns of real-world social phenomena can be identified and described and possible interrelationships between datasets can be studied. Michael F. GOODCHILD, a Professor of Geography at the University of California, Santa Barbara and principal investigator at the Center for Spatially Integrated Social Science (CSISS), summarizes the growing significance of space, spatiality, location, and place in social science research as follows: "(...) for many social scientists, location is just another attribute in a table and not a very important one at that. After all, the processes that lead to social deprivation, crime, or family dysfunction are more or less the same everywhere, and, in the minds of social scientists, many other variables, such as education, unemployment, or age, are far more interesting as explanatory factors of social phenomena than geographic location. Geographers have been almost alone among social scientists in their concern for space; to economists, sociologists, political scientists, demographers, and anthropologists, space has been a minor issue and one that these disciplines have often been happy to leave to geographers. But that situation is changing, and many social scientists have begun to talk about a "spatial turn," a new interest in location, and a new "spatial social science" that crosses the traditional boundaries between disciplines. Interest is rising in GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and in what GIS makes possible: mapping, spatial analysis, and spatial modelling. At the same time, new tools are becoming available that give GIS users access to some of the big ideas of social science."

Застосування відкритих та спеціалізованих геоінформаційних систем для вивчення комп’ютерного моделювання студентами та аспірантами

The article contains research on use of open and specialized geoinformation systems to prepare students and postgraduates on specialties: 101 “Environmental Sciences”, 103 “Earth Sciences”, 122 “Computer Sciences”, 183 “Environmental Technologies”. Analysis of the most common world open geoinformation systems is done. Experience of geoinformation systems use for students and postgraduates teaching for different specialties is described. Predominant orientation towards the use of geoinformation systems in educational process is determined based on the analysis of scientific publications and curricula of the most popular Ukrainian universities. According to the authors the material that is given narrows knowledge and skills of students and postgraduates, particularly in computer modeling. It is concluded that ability of students and postgraduates to use geoinformation systems is interdisciplinary. In particular, it develops knowledge and skills in computer modeling of various processes that may arise in the further professional activity. Examples of professional issues and ways to solve them using geoinformation systems are given. Recommendations are given on the use of open and specialized geoinformation systems in the educational process. It is recommended to use both proprietary (ArcGis, MapInfo) and open GIS (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT) to teach students. Open GIS (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT) and specialized (Modular GIS Environment, GEO + CAD, GeoniCS, AISEEM) can be used to teach both students and postgraduates.Стаття містить дослідження щодо використання відкритих та спеціалізованих геоінформаційних систем для підготовки студентів та аспірантів за спеціальностями: 101 “Навколишнє середовище”, 103 “Наука про Землю”, ​​122 “Комп’ютерні науки”, 183 “Екологічні технології”. Проведено аналіз найпоширеніших у світі відкритих геоінформаційних систем. Описано досвід використання геоінформаційних систем для студентів та аспірантів, які викладають різні спеціальності. Переважна орієнтація на використання геоінформаційних систем у навчальному процесі визначається на основі аналізу наукових публікацій та навчальних програм найпопулярніших українських університетів. На думку авторів, поданий матеріал звужує знання та вміння студентів та аспірантів, зокрема з комп’ютерного моделювання. Зроблено висновок, що здатність студентів та аспірантів користуватися геоінформаційними системами є міждисциплінарною. Зокрема, він розвиває знання та навички комп’ютерного моделювання різних процесів, які можуть виникнути в подальшій професійній діяльності. Наведено приклади професійних питань та шляхи їх вирішення за допомогою геоінформаційних систем. Дано рекомендації щодо використання відкритих та спеціалізованих геоінформаційних систем у навчальному процесі. Для навчання студентів рекомендується використовувати як фірмові (ArcGis, MapInfo), так і відкриті ГІС (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT). Відкриті ГІС (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT) та спеціалізовані (Модульне середовище ГІС, GEO + CAD, GeoniCS, AISEEM) можуть використовуватися для навчання як студентів, так і аспірантів

Використання відкритих та спеціалізованих геоінформаційних систем для навчання комп’ютерного моделювання студентів та аспірантів

The article contains research on use of open and specialized geoinformation systems to prepare students and postgraduates on specialties: 101 “Environmental Sciences”, 103 “Earth Sciences”, 122 “Computer Sciences”, 183 “Environmental Technologies”. Analysis of the most common world open geoinformation systems is done. Experience of geoinformation systems use for students and postgraduates teaching for different specialties is described. Predominant orientation towards the use of geoinformation systems in educational process is determined based on the analysis of scientific publications and curricula of the most popular Ukrainian universities. According to the authors the material that is given narrows knowledge and skills of students and postgraduates, particularly in computer modeling. It is concluded that ability of students and postgraduates to use geoinformation systems is interdisciplinary. In particular, it develops knowledge and skills in computer modeling of various processes that may arise in the further professional activity. Examples of professional issues and ways to solve them using geoinformation systems are given. Recommendations are given on the use of open and specialized geoinformation systems in the educational process. It is recommended to use both proprietary (ArcGis, MapInfo) and open GIS (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT) to teach students. Open GIS (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT) and specialized (Modular GIS Environment, GEO + CAD, GeoniCS, AISEEM) can be used to teach both students and postgraduatesУ статті досліджено питання використання відкритих і спеціалізованих геоінформаційних систем у підготовці студентів і аспірантів за спеціальностями: 101 «Екологія», 103 «Науки про Землю», 122 «Комп’ютерні науки», 183 «Технології захисту навколишнього середовища». Зроблено аналіз найбільш поширених у світі відкритих геоінформаційних систем. Описано досвід застосування геоінформаційних систем для навчання студентів і аспірантів різних спеціальностей. На підставі аналізу наукових публікації та навчальних планів українських університетів, визначено переважну орієнтацію на використання в навчальному процесі пропрієтарних геоінформаційних систем, що, на думку авторів, звужує знання та навички студентів і аспірантів, зокрема щодо комп’ютерного моделювання. Зроблено висновок, що вміння студентів і аспірантів застосовувати геоінформаційні системи має міждисциплінарний характер, зокрема, розвиває знання і навички з комп’ютерного моделювання різних процесів, що можуть виникати у подальшій професійній діяльності. Наведено приклади професійних задач та способи їх вирішення із застосуванням геоінформаційних систем. Надано рекомендації щодо використання відкритих і спеціалізованих геоінформаційних систем у навчальному процесі. Рекомендовано для навчання студентів молодших курсів застосовувати як пропрієтарні (ArcGis, MapInfo) так і відкриті ГІС (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT). Для навчання студентів старших курсів і аспірантів можливо застосовувати відкриті ГІС (uDIG, QGIS, Whitebox GAT) та спеціалізовані (Modular GIS Environment, GEO+CAD, GeoniCS, AISEEM)

Performance based probabilistic seismic risk assessment for urban heritage. An example in Pla del Remei Area (Valencia)

The assessment of the seismic behaviour of historic residential buildings and the estimation of their possible losses in the event of an earthquake, is a must for defining strategic mitigation plans to prevent irreplaceable heritage losses. In this study an integrated performance based probabilistic risk assessment methodology is developed. An archival study and a field survey allow to identify architectural and construction characteristics of heritage residential buildings in urban areas and determine realistic structural models. These are analysed by using a limit state approach, coded in the FaMIVE method, considering different construction hypotheses, to produce capacity curves which support the identification of a discrete number of typologies representative of the entire building stock in the area. Their fragility functions are then derived using the modified N2 method. Because of the difficulty in quantifying the expected probable losses in purely economic terms, given the heritage value of these assets, losses are computed in terms of damaged floor surface area and mean damage ratio. These have been obtained through the earthquake loss estimation platform SELENA, considering different possible seismic scenarios. The procedure is applied to masonry residential buildings in Pla del Remei area of Valencia, Spain, built between the end of the 19th Century and the end of the Spanish War (1939). This neighbourhood embodies the cultural values, construction techniques and historic legacy of a new and brief era of modernity, inspired by the new urban theories and architectural styles of Eclecticism and Modernism. Despite Valencia being located in an area of low to moderate seismicity, the results show that the maximum percentage of built damaged area ranges from 5.8 to 11.6% for 475 years return period, increasing to 33.59–51.59% for 975 years return period. The high level of resolution of the study allows mapping and identifying the structures at higher risk and is therefore a valuable tool to support sensitive and targeted retrofitting policies

Performance based probabilistic seismic risk assessment for urban heritage. An example in Pla del Remei Area (Valencia)

The assessment of the seismic behaviour of historic residential buildings and the estimation of their possible losses in the event of an earthquake, is a must for defining strategic mitigation plans to prevent irreplaceable heritage losses. In this study an integrated performance based probabilistic risk assessment methodology is developed. An archival study and a field survey allow to identify architectural and construction characteristics of heritage residential buildings in urban areas and determine realistic structural models. These are analysed by using a limit state approach, coded in the FaMIVE method, considering different construction hypotheses, to produce capacity curves which support the identification of a discrete number of typologies representative of the entire building stock in the area. Their fragility functions are then derived using the modified N2 method. Because of the difficulty in quantifying the expected probable losses in purely economic terms, given the heritage value of these assets, losses are computed in terms of damaged floor surface area and mean damage ratio. These have been obtained through the earthquake loss estimation platform SELENA, considering different possible seismic scenarios. The procedure is applied to masonry residential buildings in Pla del Remei area of Valencia, Spain, built between the end of the 19th Century and the end of the Spanish War (1939). This neighbourhood embodies the cultural values, construction techniques and historic legacy of a new and brief era of modernity, inspired by the new urban theories and architectural styles of Eclecticism and Modernism. Despite Valencia being located in an area of low to moderate seismicity, the results show that the maximum percentage of built damaged area ranges from 5.8 to 11.6% for 475 years return period, increasing to 33.59–51.59% for 975 years return period. The high level of resolution of the study allows mapping and identifying the structures at higher risk and is therefore a valuable tool to support sensitive and targeted retrofitting policies.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Part of this research project was developed by Prof. Guardiola at University College London, during the period from the beginning of March to the end of July 2020, during the highest period of contagion and restrictions of the Covid19 pandemic, within the framework of the Spanish Mobility Grant Program Programa de Estancias de Movilidad de profesores e investigadores en centros extranjeros, incluido el programa “Salvador de Madariaga” 2019 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Prof. D’Ayala acknowledges the UNESCO Chair in Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience Engineering at UCL, for partially support her involvement in this research activity

From SpaceStat to CyberGIS: Twenty Years of Spatial Data Analysis Software

This essay assesses the evolution of the way in which spatial data analytical methods have been incorporated into software tools over the past two decades. It is part retrospective and prospective, going beyond a historical review to outline some ideas about important factors that drove the software development, such as methodological advances, the open source movement and the advent of the internet and cyberinfrastructure. The review highlights activities carried out by the author and his collaborators and uses SpaceStat, GeoDa, PySAL and recent spatial analytical web services developed at the ASU GeoDa Center as illustrative examples. It outlines a vision for a spatial econometrics workbench as an example of the incorporation of spatial analytical functionality in a cyberGIS.

Web-Based Management of Public Buildings: A Workflow Based on Integration of BIM and IoT Sensors with a Web–GIS Portal

In this paper, we present the final results from the research project “Urban Abacus of Building Energy Performances (Abaco Urbano Energeticodegli Edifci–AUREE)” aimed at supporting the renovation process and energy efficiency enhancement of urban building stocks. The crux of the AUREE project is a Web–GIS GeoBlog portal with customized semantic dashboards aimed at sharing information on an urban built environment and promoting the participation of local stakeholders in its improvement. As the latest development of this research, a workflow that integrates the AUREE portal with BIM authoring and an open-source IoT platform is implemented and applied to an experimental case study concerning a public building in Carbonia (Italy). The headquarters of the Sotacarbo Sustainable Energy Research Center was selected as the case study. The presented results proved that it was possible to create a valid open system, which was accessible to both specialist and unskilled users, and aimed at guiding, through a progressive knowledge deepening, common end-users toward proper conscious “energy behaviors” as well as public administrations and decision-makers toward sustainable facility management. Later, the proposed open system could also be suitable to be used as an effective tool to support the rising “energy communities”