858,045 research outputs found
Reliable Multicast in Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
A mobile wireless ad hoc network (MANET) consists of a group of mobile nodes communicating wirelessly with no fixed infrastructure. Each node acts as source or receiver, and all play a role in path discovery and packet routing. MANETs are growing in popularity due to multiple usage models, ease of deployment and recent advances in hardware with which to implement them. MANETs are a natural environment for multicasting, or group communication, where one source transmits data packets through the network to multiple receivers. Proposed applications for MANET group communication ranges from personal network apps, impromptu small scale business meetings and gatherings, to conference, academic or sports complex presentations for large crowds reflect the wide range of conditions such a protocol must handle. Other applications such as covert military operations, search and rescue, disaster recovery and emergency response operations reflect the mission critical nature of many ad hoc applications. Reliable data delivery is important for all categories, but vital for this last one. It is a feature that a MANET group communication protocol must provide. Routing protocols for MANETs are challenged with establishing and maintaining data routes through the network in the face of mobility, bandwidth constraints and power limitations. Multicast communication presents additional challenges to protocols. In this dissertation we study reliability in multicast MANET routing protocols. Several on-demand multicast protocols are discussed and their performance compared. Then a new reliability protocol, R-ODMRP is presented that runs on top of ODMRP, a well documented best effort protocol with high reliability. This protocol is evaluated against ODMRP in a standard network simulator, ns-2. Next, reliable multicast MANET protocols are discussed and compared. We then present a second new protocol, Reyes, also a reliable on-demand multicast communication protocol. Reyes is implemented in the ns-2 simulator and compared against the current standards for reliability, flooding and ODMRP. R-ODMRP is used as a comparison point as well. Performance results are comprehensively described for latency, bandwidth and reliable data delivery. The simulations show Reyes to greatly outperform the other protocols in terms of reliability, while also outperforming R-ODMRP in terms of latency and bandwidth overhead
Comparing accounting designs for sustainability govenance
A draft proposal for a capital-based framework of sustainable development indicators applicable to all countries, and at all levels of public administration within them, is under consideration by an expert working group convened under the auspices of the UNECE Conference of European Statisticians. Harmonising underlying accounting and information systems should facilitate widespread adoption of a small, universal set of indicators. If implemented, the proposal's communication design could contribute to the vertical and horizontal policy integration essential for effective sustainability governance. Implementing a design that shifts some distance from existing conditions of institutional diversity and autonomy throughout at least a million provincial and local government units is, however, a significant risk. This research-in-progress report identifies one recent case study, and one current, with Australian local authorities. Integrated assessments of change over time in a local community's natural, produced, and human capital stocks have been demonstrated in one case, and of change in a local community's governance capital and social capital in another. Results demonstrate that a common understanding on how assets are distributed over time and space can be achieved without the radical, top-down innovations under consideration through UNECE auspices. The combination of tools and methods used in the case studies also yields significant insights into some of the complexities of wicked policy problems. Clarifying the meaning of 'community engagement' or 'public participation' is advanced in one case study through a relatively new development in social network analysisInternational Research Society for
Public Management (IRSPM); Third Sector Study Group of European Group for Public Administration (EGPA
Evaluating the impact of storage capacity constraints on vehicular delay-tolerant networks
“Copyright © [2009] IEEE. Reprinted from Second International Conference on Communication Theory Reliability, and Quality of Service, 2009. CTRQ'09. ISBN:978-1-4244-4423-6. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.”Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Network (VDTN) was proposed as a particular application of a mobile Delay-Tolerant Network (DTN), where vehicles act as the communication infrastructure for the network, relaying messages between the network nodes. In this paper, we consider the use of a VDTN to provide low-cost asynchronous communication between sparse populations spread over a remote vast region. We analyze the influence of the VDTN network node’s storage capacity (buffer size), on the efficiency of four DTN routing protocols, in terms of message delivery probability. Our scenarios show that the routing protocols message replication strategies react differently to the increase of buffer size in specific network nodes. Epidemic and MaxProp protocols benefit from the increase of the storage capacity on all network nodes. Spray and Wait protocol only takes advantage on the increase of the vehicle’s buffer capacity. We expect that this paper will provide a deep understanding of the implications of storage constraints over the performance of a VDTN, leading to insights for future routing algorithm and buffer management theoretic studies and protocol design.Part of this work has been supported by the Instituto de Telecomunicações, Next Generation Networks and Applications Group, Portugal, in the framework of the Project VDTN@Lab, and by the Euro-NF Network of Excellence of Seven Framework Programme of EU
Evaluation of projects funded by the European Commission and of the existing information of the GDs that might be relevant in the Territorial Intelligence field. Coordination Group WP4P "Projects" of CaENTI
International audienceThis communication makes a state of the activities carried out by the WP4P coordination group of the 4th work package "Fundamental methods" of the CAENTI, Coordination Action of the European Network of Territorial Intelligence. The WP4P concerns a technical issue, the evaluation of projects funded by the European Commission and of the existing information of the GDs that might be relevant in the territorial intelligence field. The first six months of the CAENTI were mainly devoted to the projects selection. A first task consisted in identifying the projects which are funded by the European Union and that can be considered as belonging to the territorial intelligence field. A first group of keywords was suggested to select them. The first selection essentially underlines projects that are linked to governance. We need to enlarge key words to make e new selection. The objective for 2007 is to organize a seminar that will gather the projects leaders of the most relevant projects about territorial action and the CAENTI territorial actors to deepen the principles and the practice of territorial intelligence with them. The identification of the information that the GD owns and that is relevant for territorial intelligence will be made in collaboration with the WP4I group that leads research activities about territorial information (WP4I), before making a survey of the GDs. During this conference, the WP4P should define and program its prospects
Beaconing Approaches in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey
A Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a type of wireless ad hoc network that facilitates
ubiquitous connectivity between vehicles in the absence of fixed infrastructure. Beaconing approaches
is an important research challenge in high mobility vehicular networks with enabling safety applications.
In this article, we perform a survey and a comparative study of state-of-the-art adaptive beaconing
approaches in VANET, that explores the main advantages and drawbacks behind their design. The
survey part of the paper presents a review of existing adaptive beaconing approaches such as adaptive
beacon transmission power, beacon rate adaptation, contention window size adjustment and Hybrid
adaptation beaconing techniques. The comparative study of the paper compares the representatives of
adaptive beaconing approaches in terms of their objective of study, summary of their study, the utilized
simulator and the type of vehicular scenario. Finally, we discussed the open issues and research
directions related to VANET adaptive beaconing approaches.Ghafoor, KZ.; Lloret, J.; Abu Bakar, K.; Sadiq, AS.; Ben Mussa, SA. (2013). Beaconing Approaches in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey. Wireless Personal Communications. 73(3):885-912. doi:10.1007/s11277-013-1222-9S885912733ITS-Standards (1996) Intelligent transportation systems, U.S. Department of Transportation, http://www.standards.its.dot.gov/about.aspCheng, L., Henty, B., Stancil, D., Bai, F., & Mudalige, P. (2005). Mobile vehicle-to-vehicle narrow-band channel measurement and characterization of the 5.9 Ghz dedicated short range communication (DSRC) frequency band. IEEE Transactions on Selected Areas in Communications, 25(8), 1501–1516.van Eenennaam, E., Wolterink, K., Karagiannis, G., & Heijenk, G. (2009). Exploring the solution space of beaconing in vanets. In Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international vehicular networking conference, Tokyo (pp. 1–8).Torrent-Moreno, M. (2007). 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Acknowledgment-based broadcast protocol for reliable and efficient data dissemination in vehicular ad-hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 11(1), 33–46.Torrent-Moreno, M., Santi, P., & Hartenstein, H. (2006). Distributed fair transmit power adjustment for vehicular ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE international conference on sensor and ad hoc communications and networks, Reston, VA (pp. 479–488).Artimy, M. (2007). Local density estimation and dynamic transmission-range assignment in vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 8(3), 400–412.Caizzone, G., Giacomazzi, P., Musumeci, L., & Verticale, G. (2005). A power control algorithm with high channel availability for vehicular ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE international conference on communications, Seoul (pp. 3171–3176).Torrent-Moreno, M., Santi, P., & Hartenstein, H. (2009). 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Energy-Efficient Multi-Level and Distance-Aware Clustering Mechanism for WSNs
[EN] Most sensor networks are deployed at hostile environments to sense and gather specific information. As
sensor nodes have battery constraints, therefore, the research community is trying to propose energyefficient
solutions for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to prolong the lifetime of the network. In this paper,
we propose an energy-efficient multi-level and distance-aware clustering (EEMDC) mechanism for WSNs.
In this mechanism, the area of the network is divided into three logical layers, which depends upon the
hop-count-based distance from the base station. The simulation outcomes show that EEMDC is more energy
efficient than other existing conventional approaches.This work has been partially supported by the 'Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion', through the 'Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2008-2011' in the 'Subprograma de Proyectos de Investigacion Fundamental', project TEC2011-27516, and by the Polytechnic University of Valencia, through the PAID-15-11 multidisciplinary projectsMehmood, A.; Khan, S.; Shams, B.; Lloret, J. (2015). Energy-Efficient Multi-Level and Distance-Aware Clustering Mechanism for WSNs. International Journal of Communication Systems. 28(5):972-989. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2720S972989285Sendra, S., Lloret, J., Garcia, M., & Toledo, J. F. (2011). Power Saving and Energy Optimization Techniques for Wireless Sensor Neworks (Invited Paper). Journal of Communications, 6(6). doi:10.4304/jcm.6.6.439-459Bri D Garcia M Lloret J Dini P Real deployments of wireless sensor networks Third International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (SENSORCOMM 2009) 2009 8 23GUI, L., VAL, T., & WEI, A. (2011). A Novel Two-Class Localization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks. Network Protocols and Algorithms, 3(3). doi:10.5296/npa.v3i3.863Rajeswari, A., & P.T, K. (2011). A Novel Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Spatial Correlation Based Collaborative Medium Access Control Combined with Hybrid MAC. Network Protocols and Algorithms, 3(4). doi:10.5296/npa.v3i4.1296Lloret, J., Garcia, M., Tomás, J., & Boronat, F. (2008). GBP-WAHSN: A Group-Based Protocol for Large Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 23(3), 461-480. doi:10.1007/s11390-008-9147-6Lloret, J., Garcia, M., Bri, D., & Diaz, J. (2009). A Cluster-Based Architecture to Structure the Topology of Parallel Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors, 9(12), 10513-10544. doi:10.3390/s91210513LEHSAINI, M., GUYENNET, H., & FEHAM, M. (2010). Cluster-based Energy-efficient k-Coverage for Wireless Sensor Networks. Network Protocols and Algorithms, 2(2). doi:10.5296/npa.v2i2.325Liu, G., Xu, B., & Chen, H. (2011). Decentralized estimation over noisy channels in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(10), 1313-1329. doi:10.1002/dac.1308Cheng, L., Chen, C., Ma, J., & Shu, L. (2011). Contention-based geographic forwarding in asynchronous duty-cycled wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(12), 1585-1602. doi:10.1002/dac.1325Wang, X., & Qian, H. (2011). Hierarchical and low-power IPv6 address configuration for wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(12), 1513-1529. doi:10.1002/dac.1318Zhang, D., Yang, Z., Raychoudhury, V., Chen, Z., & Lloret, J. (2013). An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Using Movement Trends in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks. The Computer Journal, 56(8), 938-946. doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxt028Chen, J.-S., Hong, Z.-W., Wang, N.-C., & Jhuang, S.-H. (2010). Efficient Cluster Head Selection Methods for Wireless Sensor Networks. Journal of Networks, 5(8). doi:10.4304/jnw.5.8.964-970Peiravi, A., Mashhadi, H. R., & Hamed Javadi, S. (2011). An optimal energy-efficient clustering method in wireless sensor networks using multi-objective genetic algorithm. International Journal of Communication Systems, 26(1), 114-126. doi:10.1002/dac.1336Zeynali, M., Mollanejad, A., & Khanli, L. M. (2011). Novel hierarchical routing protocol in wireless sensor network. Procedia Computer Science, 3, 292-300. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.050Heinzelman W Chandrakasan A Balakrishnan H Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) 2000 3005 3014Wang, A., Yang, D., & Sun, D. (2012). A clustering algorithm based on energy information and cluster heads expectation for wireless sensor networks. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 38(3), 662-671. doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2011.11.017Gou H Yoo Y An energy balancing LEACH algorithm for wireless sensor networks Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (ITNG) 2010Ding, P., Holliday, J., & Celik, A. (2005). Distributed Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks. 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COCA: Constructing optimal clustering architecture to maximize sensor network lifetime. Computer Communications, 36(3), 256-268. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2012.10.006Aslam N Phillips W Robertson W Sivakumar S A multi-criterion optimization technique for energy efficient cluster formation in wireless sensor networks 4th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, (CCNC 2007) 2007 650 654Yi, S., Heo, J., Cho, Y., & Hong, J. (2007). PEACH: Power-efficient and adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol for wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications, 30(14-15), 2842-2852. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2007.05.034Yong, Z., & Pei, Q. (2012). A Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Algorithm Based on Distance and Residual Energy for Wireless Sensor Networks. Procedia Engineering, 29, 1882-1888. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.231Chuan-Chi W A minimum transmission energy consumption routing protocol for user-centric wireless networks 2011 1143 1148Kumar, D., Aseri, T. C., & Patel, R. B. (2009). EEHC: Energy efficient heterogeneous clustered scheme for wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications, 32(4), 662-667. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2008.11.025Kim KT Moon SS Tree-Based Clustering (TBC) for energy efficient wireless sensor networks IEEE 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA) 2010 680 685Yu, J., Qi, Y., Wang, G., & Gu, X. (2012). A cluster-based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with nonuniform node distribution. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 66(1), 54-61. doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2011.05.002Ye M Li C Wu J EECS: an Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme in wireless sensor networks 24th IEEE International Performance on Computing, and Communications Conference 2005 535 540Gautama N Lee W Pyun J Dynamic clustering and distance aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks PE-WASUN'09 2009Heinzelman, W. B., Chandrakasan, A. P., & Balakrishnan, H. (2002). An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 1(4), 660-670. doi:10.1109/twc.2002.804190Lai, W. K., Fan, C. S., & Lin, L. Y. (2012). Arranging cluster sizes and transmission ranges for wireless sensor networks. Information Sciences, 183(1), 117-131. doi:10.1016/j.ins.2011.08.029Pantazis, N. A., Vergados, D. J., Vergados, D. D., & Douligeris, C. (2009). Energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks using sleep mode TDMA scheduling. Ad Hoc Networks, 7(2), 322-343. doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2008.03.006OMNeT++ Community Documentation and Tutorials of omnet++ http://www.omnetpp.org/Castallia Documentation and Tutorials of Castalia Simulator for WSN and BAN http://castalia.research.nicta.com.au/index.php/en/Research Group on Computer Networks and Multimedia Communication UFPA - Brazil Download-Leach-v2-for-Castalia http://www.gercom.ufpa.br/index.php?option=com_filecabinet&view=files&id=1&Itemid=31&lang=p
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