Феномен синкретизма в украинской лингвистике

У сучасній лінгвістиці вивчення складних системних зв’язків та динамізму мови навряд чи буде завершеним без урахування синкретизму. Традиційно явища транзитивності трактуються як поєднання різних типів утворень як результат процесів трансформації або відображення проміжних, синкретичних фактів, що характеризують мовну систему в синхронному аспекті.In modern linguistics, the study of complex systemic relations and language dynamism is unlikely to be complete without considering the transitivity. Traditionally, transitivity phenomena are treated as a combination of different types of entities, formed as a result of the transformation processes or the reflection of the intermediate, syncretic facts that characterize the language system in the synchronous aspect.В современной лингвистике изучение сложных системных отношений и языкового динамизма вряд ли будет полным без учета синкретизма. Традиционно явления транзитивности трактуются как совокупность различных типов сущностей, сформированных в результате процессов преобразования или отражения промежуточных синкретических фактов, которые характеризуют языковую систему в синхронном аспекте

Revisiting the Context Window for Cross-lingual Word Embeddings

Existing approaches to mapping-based cross-lingual word embeddings are based on the assumption that the source and target embedding spaces are structurally similar. The structures of embedding spaces largely depend on the co-occurrence statistics of each word, which the choice of context window determines. Despite this obvious connection between the context window and mapping-based cross-lingual embeddings, their relationship has been underexplored in prior work. In this work, we provide a thorough evaluation, in various languages, domains, and tasks, of bilingual embeddings trained with different context windows. The highlight of our findings is that increasing the size of both the source and target window sizes improves the performance of bilingual lexicon induction, especially the performance on frequent nouns.Comment: ACL202

Empirical Analysis of Multilingual NLP Models : Context Window for Word Embeddings and Linguistic Typology for Machine Translation

学位の種別: 修士University of Tokyo(東京大学

Deep Joint Entity Disambiguation with Local Neural Attention

We propose a novel deep learning model for joint document-level entity disambiguation, which leverages learned neural representations. Key components are entity embeddings, a neural attention mechanism over local context windows, and a differentiable joint inference stage for disambiguation. Our approach thereby combines benefits of deep learning with more traditional approaches such as graphical models and probabilistic mention-entity maps. Extensive experiments show that we are able to obtain competitive or state-of-the-art accuracy at moderate computational costs.Comment: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) 2017 long pape

On Loss and Gain: The Translation of Linguistic Simultaneity in This is How You Lose Her, by Junot Díaz

Pulitzer-prize winning author Junot Díaz stages culture clashes in his work by dramatizing the linguistic tension between English and Spanish. This strategy, which he calls “linguistic simultaneity” (code-switching), is central in his fiction because it expresses his Latino identity, and it is artistically and politically significant. Translators who wish to recreate his texts for another readership are forced to rethink what translation is and thus to consider new paradigms, since code-switching defies the traditional conception of translation as the transposition from one closed linguistic system to another. Translations into one of the languages that make up the fictional universe of the source text (in this case, Spanish) are especially challenging. Focusing on the extent to which translators transpose the linguistic simultaneity of Díaz’s source texts, this paper explores the possible reader responses to strategies used to maintain or downplay linguistic tension in the target texts. A comparison of two translations into Spanish of Diaz’s short stories “The Sun, The Moon, The Stars” and “Otravida, Otravez” from This is How You Lose Her (2012) will illustrate how linguistic simultaneity is recreated.L’auteur Junot Díaz, récompensé par le prix Pulitzer, met en scène dans son œuvre le choc de cultures en accentuant la tension linguistique entre l’anglais et l’espagnol. Cette stratégie, qu’il nomme « simultanéité linguistique » (alternance codique), y est fondamentale, non seulement parce qu’elle exprime son identité latino-américaine, mais aussi parce qu’elle est artistiquement et politiquement significative. Les traducteurs qui souhaitent recréer ses textes pour un autre lectorat sont contraints de repenser la traduction et ainsi de réfléchir à de nouveaux paradigmes, puisque l’alternance codique défie la conception traditionnelle de la traduction, à savoir la transposition d’un système linguistique fermé à un autre. Les traductions dans une des deux langues qui composent l’univers fictionnel du texte source (ici, l’espagnol) posent un réel défi. En mettant en évidence la latitude avec laquelle les traducteurs transposent la simultanéité linguistique des textes sources de Díaz, le présent article explore les réponses possibles du lecteur aux stratégies retenues pour maintenir ou minimiser la tension linguistique dans les textes cibles. Une comparaison de deux traductions en espagnol des nouvelles de Díaz «The Sun, The Moon, The Stars » et «Otravida, Otravez », tirées de This is How You Lose Her paru en 2012, illustrera les stratégies employées par les traducteurs pour recréer la simultanéité linguistique.Fil: Cresci, Karen Lorraine. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades. Departamento de Letras. Centro de Letras Hispanoamericanas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentin

O nazivlju elektroničke glazbe

Due to rapid technological developments, the terminology of electronic (dance) music is constantly changing. This also causes challenges for the discourse community of electronic dance music in the use of different technical terms. This paper gives a general overview on the subject as it is a pioneer investigation of research. Firstly, it summarises the characteristics of the discourse community’s language use. Later, it highlights the different types of technical terms used by the terminology users. For this, tech terms of a web discussion forum are analysed in detail. The article also describes some of the challenges in using these technical terms by taking different examples from three languages: English, German, and Hungarian. Moreover, phenomena such as the lack of standardisation, norms, and music glossaries and the influences from other terminologies (e.g. classical music, informatics, mathematics, physics) are also included in the study. After presenting the most striking issues, the paper also proposes a possible practical solution to the phenomena in question: it outlines a plan for creating a wiki on the technical terms of electronic (dance) music.Zahvaljujući brzomu tehnološkom razvoju, nazivlje elektroničke (plesne) glazbe neprestano se razvija. To također stvara izazove diskursnoj zajednici elektroničke plesne glazbe što se tiče upotrebe različitih tehničkih naziva. S obzirom na to da je prvo takvo istraživanje, ovaj rad daje opći pregled teme. U prvom se redu sažimaju značajke jezične upotrebe konkretne diskursne zajednice, zatim se naglašavaju različiti tipovi tehničkih naziva koje upotrebljavaju korisnici. U tu su svrhu podrobno analizirani tehnički nazivi iz rasprave na jednom internetskom forumu. Rad također opisuje neke od izazova u upotrebi tih tehničkih naziva time što navodi različite primjere iz triju jezika: engleskoga, njemačkoga i mađarskoga. Jezični fenomeni kao nedostatak standardizacije, normi i glazbenih glosara te utjecaj drugih nazivlja (npr. iz klasične glazbe, informatike, matematike i fizike) također su uključeni u istraživanje. Nakon što su iznesena najupečatljivija pitanja, u radu se predlažu i moguća praktična rješenja za navedene nedostatke: iznosi se plan za stvaranje platforme u wiki-formatu koja bi bila posvećena tehničkim nazivima u elektroničkoj (plesnoj) glazbi