106,494 research outputs found
Retrospective correction of Rigid and Non-Rigid MR motion artifacts using GANs
Motion artifacts are a primary source of magnetic resonance (MR) image
quality deterioration with strong repercussions on diagnostic performance.
Currently, MR motion correction is carried out either prospectively, with the
help of motion tracking systems, or retrospectively by mainly utilizing
computationally expensive iterative algorithms. In this paper, we utilize a new
adversarial framework, titled MedGAN, for the joint retrospective correction of
rigid and non-rigid motion artifacts in different body regions and without the
need for a reference image. MedGAN utilizes a unique combination of
non-adversarial losses and a new generator architecture to capture the textures
and fine-detailed structures of the desired artifact-free MR images.
Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with other adversarial techniques have
illustrated the proposed model performance.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, under review for the IEEE International Symposium
for Biomedical Image
G-Expectation, G-Brownian Motion and Related Stochastic Calculus of Ito's type
We introduce a notion of nonlinear expectation --G--expectation-- generated
by a nonlinear heat equation with infinitesimal generator G. We first discuss
the notion of G-standard normal distribution. With this nonlinear distribution
we can introduce our G-expectation under which the canonical process is a
G--Brownian motion. We then establish the related stochastic calculus,
especially stochastic integrals of Ito's type with respect to our G--Brownian
motion and derive the related Ito's formula. We have also give the existence
and uniqueness of stochastic differential equation under our G-expectation. As
compared with our previous framework of g-expectations, the theory of
G-expectation is intrinsic in the sense that it is not based on a given
(linear) probability space.Comment: Submited to Proceedings Abel Symposium 2005, Dedicated to Professor
Kiyosi Ito for His 90th Birthda
Classical and quantum q-deformed physical systems
On the basis of the non-commutative q-calculus, we investigate a
q-deformation of the classical Poisson bracket in order to formulate a
generalized q-deformed dynamics in the classical regime. The obtained
q-deformed Poisson bracket appears invariant under the action of the
q-symplectic group of transformations. In this framework we introduce the
q-deformed Hamilton's equations and we derive the evolution equation for some
simple q-deformed mechanical systems governed by a scalar potential dependent
only on the coordinate variable. It appears that the q-deformed Hamiltonian,
which is the generator of the equation of motion, is generally not conserved in
time but, in correspondence, a new constant of motion is generated. Finally, by
following the standard canonical quantization rule, we compare the well known
q-deformed Heisenberg algebra with the algebra generated by the q-deformed
Poisson bracket.Comment: 9 pages, accepted for publication in "The European Physical Journal
C
Microscopic Transport Theory of Nuclear Processes
We formulate a microscopic theory of the decay of a compound nucleus through
fission which generalizes earlier microscopic approaches of fission dynamics
performed in the framework of the adiabatic hypothesis. It is based on the
constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov procedure and the Generator Coordinate
Method, and requires an effective nucleon-nucleon interaction as the only input
quantity. The basic assumption is that the slow evolution of the nuclear shape
must be treated explicitely, whereas the rapidly time-dependent intrinsic
excitations can be treated by statistical approximations. More precisely, we
introduce a reference density which represents the slow evolution of the
nuclear shape by a reduced density matrix and the state of intrinsic
excitations by a canonical distribution at each given shape of the nucleus. The
shape of the nuclear density distribution is described by parameters
("generator coordinates"), not by "superabundant" degrees of freedom introduced
in addition to the complete set of nucleonic degrees of freedom. We first
derive a rigorous equation of motion for the reference density and,
subsequently, simplify this equation on the basis of the Markov approximation.
The temperature which appears in the canonical distribution is determined by
the requirement that, at each time t, the reference density should correctly
reproduce the mean excitation energy at given values of the shape parameters.
The resulting equation for the "local" temperature must be solved together with
the equations of motion obtained for the reduced density matrix.Comment: 33 pages, accepted in Nucl. Phys.
Continuous Facial Motion Deblurring
We introduce a novel framework for continuous facial motion deblurring that
restores the continuous sharp moment latent in a single motion-blurred face
image via a moment control factor. Although a motion-blurred image is the
accumulated signal of continuous sharp moments during the exposure time, most
existing single image deblurring approaches aim to restore a fixed number of
frames using multiple networks and training stages. To address this problem, we
propose a continuous facial motion deblurring network based on GAN (CFMD-GAN),
which is a novel framework for restoring the continuous moment latent in a
single motion-blurred face image with a single network and a single training
stage. To stabilize the network training, we train the generator to restore
continuous moments in the order determined by our facial motion-based
reordering process (FMR) utilizing domain-specific knowledge of the face.
Moreover, we propose an auxiliary regressor that helps our generator produce
more accurate images by estimating continuous sharp moments. Furthermore, we
introduce a control-adaptive (ContAda) block that performs spatially deformable
convolution and channel-wise attention as a function of the control factor.
Extensive experiments on the 300VW datasets demonstrate that the proposed
framework generates a various number of continuous output frames by varying the
moment control factor. Compared with the recent single-to-single image
deblurring networks trained with the same 300VW training set, the proposed
method show the superior performance in restoring the central sharp frame in
terms of perceptual metrics, including LPIPS, FID and Arcface identity
distance. The proposed method outperforms the existing single-to-video
deblurring method for both qualitative and quantitative comparisons
Geometrical and physical interpretation of evolution governed by general complex algebra
AbstractIn this paper we explore a geometrical and physical matter of the evolution governed by the generator of General Complex Algebra, GC2. The generator of this algebra obeys a quadratic polynomial equation. It is shown that the geometrical image of the GC2-number is given by a straight line fixed by two given points on Euclidean plane. In this representation the straight line possesses the norm and the argument. The motion of the straight line conserving the norm of the line is described by evolution equation governed by the generator of the GC2-algebra. This evolution is depicted on the Euclidean plane as rotational motion of the straight line around the semicircle to which this line is tangent. Physical interpretation is found within the framework of the relativistic dynamics where the quadratic polynomial is formed by mass-shell equation. In this way we come to a new representation for the momenta of the relativistic particle
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