Life Cycle Impact of Different Joining Decisions on Vehicle Recycling

Stricter vehicle emission legislation has driven significant reduction in environmental impact of the vehicle use phase through increasing use of lightweight materials and multi-material concepts to reduce the vehicle mass. The joining techniques used for joining multi-material designs has led to reduction in efficiency of the current shredder-based recycling practices. This thesis quantifies this reduction in efficiency using data captured from industrial recycling trials. Life Cycle Assessment has been widely used to assess the environmental impact throughout the vehicle life cycle stages. Although there is significant research on material selection or substitution to improve the vehicle’s carbon footprint, the correlation between multi-material vehicle designs and the material separation through commonly used shredding process is not well captured in the current analysis. This thesis addresses this gap using data captured from industrial trials to measure the influence of different joining techniques on material recycling efficiencies. The effects of material degradation due to joining choices are examined using the life cycle analysis including exergy losses to account for a closed-loop system. The System Dynamics approach is then performed to demonstrate the dynamic life cycle impact of joining choices used for new multi-material vehicle designs. Observations from the case studies conducted in Australia and Europe showed that mechanical fasteners, particularly machine screws, are increasingly used to join different material types and are less likely to be perfectly liberated during the shredding process. The characteristics of joints, such as joint strength, material type, size, diameter, location, temperature resistance, protrusion level, and surface smoothness, have an influence on the material liberation in the current sorting practices. Additionally, the liberation of joints is also affected by the density and thickness of materials being joined. The life cycle analysis including exergy losses shows a significant environmental burden caused by the amount of impurities and valuable material losses due to unliberated joints. By measuring the influence of joints quantitatively, this work has looked at the potential of improving the quality of materials recycled from ELV to be reused in a closed-loop system. The dynamic behaviours between the joining choices and their delayed influence on material recycling efficiencies from the life cycle perspective are performed using the data from case studies. It shows that the short-term reduction in environmental impact through multi-material structures is offset over the long-term by the increasing impurities and valuable material losses due to unliberated joints. The different vehicle recycling systems can then be resembled using two widely known system archetypes: “Fixes that Fail” and “Shifting the Burden”. Despite the adoption of more rigorous recycling approaches, the life cycle impact of different joining techniques on vehicle recycling continue to exist. The enactment of strict regulations in current ELV recycling systems is unable to solve the underlying ELV waste problem, and only prolongs the delay in material degradation due to joining choices. This work shows that the choice of joining techniques used for multi-material vehicle designs has a significant impact on the environmental performance during the ELV recycling phase

An approach to conceptualize learning enterprises in the manufacturing sector

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro TecnologicoO trabalho realizado discute a necessidade de 'Learning Enterprises' para fazer frente às crescentes globalização e customização de produtos e processos assim como a urgente necessidade de uma conscientização ambiental por parte das indústrias de manufatura. É abordada a necessidade de uma revisão da filosofia de produção e das estruturas organizacionais e gerenciais adotadas atualmente pela maioria das empresas do setor de manufatura. Trabalho também inclui um estudo de três elementos que podem ser utilizados como catalisadores para a obtenção de 'Learning Enterprises': Áreas Virtuais de Produção, representando o elemento organizacional, Sistemas Distribuídos de Planejamento Fino, Monitoração e Controle da Produção, como o elemento tecnológico e a 'Human Networking' obtida pelo Gerenciamento da Comunicação Humana, como o elemento necessário para o gerenciamento de sistemas dinâmicos centrados no homem. O resultado do estudo realizado em cada uma das áreas identificadas acima é, então, integrado segundo um procedimento sistemático originando um modelo de referência genérico para a concepção de uma 'Learning Enterprise'. A abordagem apresentada enfoca empresas de manufatura fabricantes de pequenos lotes e de produtos 'one-of-a-kind'

A model of personnel development and training in the South African economy, with specific reference to the training of black migrant workers using educational television

Includes bibliographical references.This model attempts to trace a blue-print of personnel development and training from grass roots to successful operation. To best illustrate this transition, I have divided the thesis into three major parts. In chapters one to three, I introduce the personnel administrator, his position in the South African economy and the problems he faces at grass roots level. In chapters four and five, I deal with the establishment of a personnel development programme to deal with the problems confronting the personnel administrator. Chapters six to ten deal with the training model, the use of educational television, specific training programmes and the results obtained from such training programmes

A computer-aided design for digital filter implementation

Imperial Users onl

Proceedings of the Workshop on Space Telerobotics, volume 1

These proceedings report the results of a workshop on space telerobotics, which was held at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, January 20-22, 1987. Sponsored by the NASA Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology (OAST), the Workshop reflected NASA's interest in developing new telerobotics technology for automating the space systems planned for the 1990s and beyond. The workshop provided a window into NASA telerobotics research, allowing leading researchers in telerobotics to exchange ideas on manipulation, control, system architectures, artificial intelligence, and machine sensing. One of the objectives was to identify important unsolved problems of current interest. The workshop consisted of surveys, tutorials, and contributed papers of both theoretical and practical interest. Several sessions were held on the themes of sensing and perception, control execution, operator interface, planning and reasoning, and system architecture

Technology and emplyment: The case of Turkish manufacturing industry

Not availabl

An evaluation of the educational program of the Springfield, Vermont, High School.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 435-440)

A Model to Describe the Relationships Man–Machine–Maintenance–Economy (MMME)

In the globalisation spirit, one of the major objectives of companies is how to reduce the production losses cost-effectively for continuously enhancement of competitiveness and profitability. However, this area has been neglected by scientists and not given the attention justified considering its obvious link to company profitability. To fill this gap, better understanding of the relations and interactions between man, machine/production process, maintenance and economy is vital. Also, it is important for identifying and eliminating root causes of the losses. In this paper, we develop a model to describe these interactions using the most relevant factors, such as maintenance organisation, personnel commitment, machine condition and characteristics, and the impact of maintenance performance on production time. The use of the model and its potential benefits are tested using an application example. This example illustrates how the above mentioned factors affect the production time and is thereafter derived to financial results. The result is accordingly a model that can help all producing companies categorise the causes behind losses and identify where losses arise and where to focus their work of continuous cost-effective improvements

Winona Daily News

https://openriver.winona.edu/winonadailynews/2113/thumbnail.jp