5,927 research outputs found
Middleware for Wireless Sensor Networks: An Outlook
In modern distributed computing, applications are rarely built directly atop operating system facilities, e.g., sockets. Higher-level middleware abstractions and systems are often employed to simplify the programmer’s chore or to achieve interoperability. In contrast, real-world wireless sensor network (WSN) applications are almost always developed by relying directly on the operating system.
Why is this the case? Does it make sense to include a middleware layer in the design of WSNs? And, if so, is it the same kind of software system as in traditional distributed computing? What are the fundamental concepts, reasonable assumptions, and key criteria guiding its design? What are the main open research challenges, and the potential pitfalls? Most importantly, is it worth pursuing research in this field?
This paper provides a (biased) answer to these and other research questions, preceded by a brief account on the state of the art in the field
Combined Coverage Area Reporting and Geographical Routing in Wireless Sensor-Actuator Networks for Cooperating with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
In wireless sensor network (WSN) applications with multiple gateways, it is key to route location dependent subscriptions efficiently at two levels in the system. At the gateway level, data sinks must not waste the energy of the WSN by injecting subscriptions that are not relevant for the nodes in their coverage area and at WSN level, energy-efficient delivery of subscriptions to target areas is required. In this paper, we propose a mechanism in which (1) the WSN provides an accurate and up-to-date coverage area description to gateways and (2) the wireless sensor network re-uses the collected coverage area information to enable efficient geographical routing of location dependent subscriptions and other messages. The latter has a focus on routing of messages injected from sink nodes to nodes in the region of interest. Our proposed mechanisms are evaluated in simulation
A Distributed Sensor Data Search Platform for Internet of Things Environments
Recently, the number of devices has grown increasingly and it is hoped that,
between 2015 and 2016, 20 billion devices will be connected to the Internet and
this market will move around 91.5 billion dollars. The Internet of Things (IoT)
is composed of small sensors and actuators embedded in objects with Internet
access and will play a key role in solving many challenges faced in today's
society. However, the real capacity of IoT concepts is constrained as the
current sensor networks usually do not exchange information with other sources.
In this paper, we propose the Visual Search for Internet of Things (ViSIoT)
platform to help technical and non-technical users to discover and use sensors
as a service for different application purposes. As a proof of concept, a real
case study is used to generate weather condition reports to support rheumatism
patients. This case study was executed in a working prototype and a performance
evaluation is presented.Comment: International Journal of Services Computing (ISSN 2330-4472) Vol. 4,
No.1, January - March, 201
A Resource Intensive Traffic-Aware Scheme for Cluster-based Energy Conservation in Wireless Devices
Wireless traffic that is destined for a certain device in a network, can be
exploited in order to minimize the availability and delay trade-offs, and
mitigate the Energy consumption. The Energy Conservation (EC) mechanism can be
node-centric by considering the traversed nodal traffic in order to prolong the
network lifetime. This work describes a quantitative traffic-based approach
where a clustered Sleep-Proxy mechanism takes place in order to enable each
node to sleep according to the time duration of the active traffic that each
node expects and experiences. Sleep-proxies within the clusters are created
according to pairwise active-time comparison, where each node expects during
the active periods, a requested traffic. For resource availability and recovery
purposes, the caching mechanism takes place in case where the node for which
the traffic is destined is not available. The proposed scheme uses Role-based
nodes which are assigned to manipulate the traffic in a cluster, through the
time-oriented backward difference traffic evaluation scheme. Simulation study
is carried out for the proposed backward estimation scheme and the
effectiveness of the end-to-end EC mechanism taking into account a number of
metrics and measures for the effects while incrementing the sleep time duration
under the proposed framework. Comparative simulation results show that the
proposed scheme could be applied to infrastructure-less systems, providing
energy-efficient resource exchange with significant minimization in the power
consumption of each device.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, To appear in the proceedings of IEEE 14th
International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications
(HPCC-2012) of the Third International Workshop on Wireless Networks and
Multimedia (WNM-2012), 25-27 June 2012, Liverpool, U
Big Data Model Simulation on a Graph Database for Surveillance in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Sensors are present in various forms all around the world such as mobile
phones, surveillance cameras, smart televisions, intelligent refrigerators and
blood pressure monitors. Usually, most of the sensors are a part of some other
system with similar sensors that compose a network. One of such networks is
composed of millions of sensors connect to the Internet which is called
Internet of things (IoT). With the advances in wireless communication
technologies, multimedia sensors and their networks are expected to be major
components in IoT. Many studies have already been done on wireless multimedia
sensor networks in diverse domains like fire detection, city surveillance,
early warning systems, etc. All those applications position sensor nodes and
collect their data for a long time period with real-time data flow, which is
considered as big data. Big data may be structured or unstructured and needs to
be stored for further processing and analyzing. Analyzing multimedia big data
is a challenging task requiring a high-level modeling to efficiently extract
valuable information/knowledge from data. In this study, we propose a big
database model based on graph database model for handling data generated by
wireless multimedia sensor networks. We introduce a simulator to generate
synthetic data and store and query big data using graph model as a big
database. For this purpose, we evaluate the well-known graph-based NoSQL
databases, Neo4j and OrientDB, and a relational database, MySQL.We have run a
number of query experiments on our implemented simulator to show that which
database system(s) for surveillance in wireless multimedia sensor networks is
efficient and scalable
Middleware Technologies for Cloud of Things - a survey
The next wave of communication and applications rely on the new services
provided by Internet of Things which is becoming an important aspect in human
and machines future. The IoT services are a key solution for providing smart
environments in homes, buildings and cities. In the era of a massive number of
connected things and objects with a high grow rate, several challenges have
been raised such as management, aggregation and storage for big produced data.
In order to tackle some of these issues, cloud computing emerged to IoT as
Cloud of Things (CoT) which provides virtually unlimited cloud services to
enhance the large scale IoT platforms. There are several factors to be
considered in design and implementation of a CoT platform. One of the most
important and challenging problems is the heterogeneity of different objects.
This problem can be addressed by deploying suitable "Middleware". Middleware
sits between things and applications that make a reliable platform for
communication among things with different interfaces, operating systems, and
architectures. The main aim of this paper is to study the middleware
technologies for CoT. Toward this end, we first present the main features and
characteristics of middlewares. Next we study different architecture styles and
service domains. Then we presents several middlewares that are suitable for CoT
based platforms and lastly a list of current challenges and issues in design of
CoT based middlewares is discussed.Comment: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864817301268,
Digital Communications and Networks, Elsevier (2017
Middleware Technologies for Cloud of Things - a survey
The next wave of communication and applications rely on the new services
provided by Internet of Things which is becoming an important aspect in human
and machines future. The IoT services are a key solution for providing smart
environments in homes, buildings and cities. In the era of a massive number of
connected things and objects with a high grow rate, several challenges have
been raised such as management, aggregation and storage for big produced data.
In order to tackle some of these issues, cloud computing emerged to IoT as
Cloud of Things (CoT) which provides virtually unlimited cloud services to
enhance the large scale IoT platforms. There are several factors to be
considered in design and implementation of a CoT platform. One of the most
important and challenging problems is the heterogeneity of different objects.
This problem can be addressed by deploying suitable "Middleware". Middleware
sits between things and applications that make a reliable platform for
communication among things with different interfaces, operating systems, and
architectures. The main aim of this paper is to study the middleware
technologies for CoT. Toward this end, we first present the main features and
characteristics of middlewares. Next we study different architecture styles and
service domains. Then we presents several middlewares that are suitable for CoT
based platforms and lastly a list of current challenges and issues in design of
CoT based middlewares is discussed.Comment: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864817301268,
Digital Communications and Networks, Elsevier (2017
A Middleware for the Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) connects everyday objects including a vast array
of sensors, actuators, and smart devices, referred to as things to the
Internet, in an intelligent and pervasive fashion. This connectivity gives rise
to the possibility of using the tracking capabilities of things to impinge on
the location privacy of users. Most of the existing management and location
privacy protection solutions do not consider the low-cost and low-power
requirements of things, or, they do not account for the heterogeneity,
scalability, or autonomy of communications supported in the IoT. Moreover,
these traditional solutions do not consider the case where a user wishes to
control the granularity of the disclosed information based on the context of
their use (e.g. based on the time or the current location of the user). To fill
this gap, a middleware, referred to as the Internet of Things Management
Platform (IoT-MP) is proposed in this paper.Comment: 20 pages, International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications
(IJCNC) Vol.8, No.2, March 201
Supporting Cyber-Physical Systems with Wireless Sensor Networks: An Outlook of Software and Services
Sensing, communication, computation and control technologies are the essential building blocks of a cyber-physical system (CPS). Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a way to support CPS as they provide fine-grained spatial-temporal sensing, communication and computation at a low premium of cost and power. In this article, we explore the fundamental concepts guiding the design and implementation of WSNs. We report the latest developments in WSN software and services for meeting existing requirements and newer demands; particularly in the areas of: operating system, simulator and emulator, programming abstraction, virtualization, IP-based communication and security, time and location, and network monitoring and management. We also reflect on the ongoing
efforts in providing dependable assurances for WSN-driven CPS. Finally, we report on its applicability with a case-study on smart buildings
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