309 research outputs found

    The Impact of Transmission Range Over Node Density in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (Vanet) With Obstruction of Road Infrastructure

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    Vehicular ad hoc networks have the characteristic to of experiencing rapid change of network topology and mobility. Importantly, vehicular networks are required to deal with different network densities in order to provide efficient routing and data dissemination. These are some of the main characteristic that can affect the performance of the network immensely. The main issue that became the driving factor in implementing this project is the need to fill these gaps of understanding the behavioral of vehicular network performance when they are restrained by certain network condition which in this case, dealing with an obstruction of road infrastructure with varying transmission range and node density. In order to understand this problem, we identify the objectives of this project to integrate SUMO/MOVE (a vehicular traffic generator) into NS-2 to simulate a realistic vehicular ad hoc network environment and to study the performance of the network when the being conditioned into varying settings of transmission range and node density. In this project, we evaluate the network performance of VANETs in a highway environment using SUMO traffic simulator and network simulator, NS-2 which specifically focusing at the toll booths by studying the effect of varying transmission range over node density. From the simulation results, we found out that the smaller transmission range will produce less throughput, higher end to end delay and also higher normalized routing load. Particularly in vehicular ad hoc network, a constant or a fixed transmission range is not efficient enough in maintaining the connectivity in the network. This is due to the unpredictable of traffic conditions in the network. In addition to this, by dynamically changing the transmission range according to its need, will offer the advantage of power saving and increase capacity

    Cloud Based IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Architecture to Integrate Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) and IMS

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    RÉSUMÉ Les réseaux Ad Hoc véhiculaires (VANET) représentent une technologie spéciale, dans la catégorie des réseaux ad hoc sans fils. Ils visent la sécurité routière, une plus grande efficacité et une meilleure organisation au sein des systèmes de transport. Ils favorisent l’avènement de nouvelles applications relatives à l’ingénierie, la gestion de trafic, la dissémination d’informations d’urgence pour éviter les situations critiques, le confort et le divertissement, ainsi que plusieurs autres «applications utilisateur». Le sous-système multimédia IP (IP Multimedia Subsystem, IMS), a été standardisé par le projet «Third Generation Partnership Project» (3GPP) pour les réseaux hétérogènes avec un support de la qualité de service. Cette plateforme a été proposée dans le but d’offrir aux utilisateurs finaux des services multimédia tels que la voix, les données et la vidéo, la facturation ainsi que l’intégration des services tout-IP. Avec l’avènement de IMS, il est désirable d’offrir aux utilisateurs des réseaux véhiculaires (VANET), un accès aux services de ce sous-système. Cependant, les caractéristiques de ces réseaux posent des difficultés majeures pour le contrôle des performances des services IMS. Par ailleurs, le «réseau cœur » de IMS présente aussi des limitations telles que le contrôle centralisé, la faible efficacité et une faible évolutivité au niveau des équipements du réseau cœur en comparaison aux infrastructures de réseau utilisant le Cloud Computing. Le Cloud Computing est un nouveau paradigme des technologies de l’information, offrant des ressources extensibles dynamiquement, souvent au moyen de machines virtuelles et accessibles en tant que services sur Internet. La migration de l’IMS au sein du Cloud peut permettre d’améliorer les performances de l’infrastructure IMS. Ce projet propose une architecture novatrice d’intégration des réseaux VANET, IMS et le Cloud Computing.----------ABSTRACT Vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET) is a special technology in wireless ad hoc networks. It can be used to provide road safety, efficiency and traffic organization in transportation system. Thus, new applications arise in several fields such as traffic engineering, traffic management, dissemination of emergency information in order to avoid critical situations, comfort, entertainment and other user applications. IP multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a subsystem, standardized with Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The IMS supports heterogeneous networking with Quality-of-Service (QoS) policy. The goal of this platform is to integrate All-IP services and to provide final user with multimedia services such as voice, data and video with appropriate billing mechanisms. With the advent of the IP Multimedia Subsystem, it is desirable to provide VANET end-users with IMS services. However, characteristics of VANET cause major challenges to control the performance of IMS services. On the other hand, the traditional IMS core network faces a set of problems such as centralized control, low efficiency and poor scalability of core equipment, compared with the IT environment using Cloud Computing. Cloud Computing is an emerging paradigm in the field of information technology. In this new paradigm, dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as services over the Internet. The migration of IMS to cloud can improve its performance. This project proposes an innovative architecture in order to integrate VANET, IMS and Cloud Computing

    From MANET to people-centric networking: Milestones and open research challenges

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    In this paper, we discuss the state of the art of (mobile) multi-hop ad hoc networking with the aim to present the current status of the research activities and identify the consolidated research areas, with limited research opportunities, and the hot and emerging research areas for which further research is required. We start by briefly discussing the MANET paradigm, and why the research on MANET protocols is now a cold research topic. Then we analyze the active research areas. Specifically, after discussing the wireless-network technologies, we analyze four successful ad hoc networking paradigms, mesh networks, opportunistic networks, vehicular networks, and sensor networks that emerged from the MANET world. We also present an emerging research direction in the multi-hop ad hoc networking field: people centric networking, triggered by the increasing penetration of the smartphones in everyday life, which is generating a people-centric revolution in computing and communications

    SCALABLE AND EFFICIENT VERTICAL HANDOVER DECISION ALGORITHMS IN VEHICULAR NETWORK CONTEXTS

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    A finales de los años noventa, y al comienzo del nuevo milenio, las redes inalámbricas han evolucionado bastante, pasando de ser sólo una tecnología prometedora para convertirse en un requisito para las actividades cotidianas en las sociedades desarrolladas. La infraestructura de transporte también ha evolucionado, ofreciendo comunicación a bordo para mejorar la seguridad vial y el acceso a contenidos de información y entretenimiento. Los requisitos de los usuarios finales se han hecho dependientes de la tecnología, lo que significa que sus necesidades de conectividad han aumentado debido a los diversos requisitos de las aplicaciones que se ejecutan en sus dispositivos móviles, tales como tabletas, teléfonos inteligentes, ordenadores portátiles o incluso ordenadores de abordo (On-Board Units (OBUs)) dentro de los vehículos. Para cumplir con dichos requisitos de conectividad, y teniendo en cuenta las diferentes redes inalámbricas disponibles, es necesario adoptar técnicas de Vertical Handover (VHO) para cambiar de red de forma transparente y sin necesidad de intervención del usuario. El objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar algoritmos de decisión (Vertical Handover Decision Algorithms (VHDAs)) eficientes y escalables, optimizados para el contexto de las redes vehiculares. En ese sentido se ha propuesto, desarrollado y probado diferentes algoritmos de decisión basados en la infraestructura disponible en las actuales, y probablemente en las futuras, redes inalámbricas y redes vehiculares. Para ello se han combinado diferentes técnicas, métodos computacionales y modelos matemáticos, con el fin de garantizar una conectividad apropiada, y realizando el handover hacia las redes más adecuadas de manera a cumplir tanto con los requisitos de los usuarios como los requisitos de las aplicaciones. Con el fin de evaluar el contexto, se han utilizado diferentes herramientas para obtener información variada, como la disponibilidad de la red, el estado de la red, la geolocalizaciónMárquez Barja, JM. (2012). SCALABLE AND EFFICIENT VERTICAL HANDOVER DECISION ALGORITHMS IN VEHICULAR NETWORK CONTEXTS [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/17869Palanci

    Intermediate CONNECT Architecture

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    Interoperability remains a fundamental challenge when connecting heterogeneous systems which encounter and spontaneously communicate with one another in pervasive computing environments. This challenge is exasperated by the highly heterogeneous technologies employed by each of the interacting parties, i.e., in terms of hardware, operating system, middleware protocols, and application protocols. The key aim of the CONNECT project is to drop this heterogeneity barrier and achieve universal interoperability. Here we report on the activities of WP1 into developing the CONNECT architecture that will underpin this solution. In this respect, we present the following key contributions from the second year. Firstly, the intermediary CONNECT architecture that presents a more concrete view of the technologies and principles employed to enable interoperability between heterogeneous networked systems. Secondly, the design and implementation of the discovery enabler with emphasis on the approaches taken to match compatible networked systems. Thirdly, the realisation of CONNECTors that can be deployed in the environment; we provide domain specific language solutions to generate and translate between middleware protocols. Fourthly, we highlight the role of ontologies within CONNECT and demonstrate how ontologies crosscut all functionality within the CONNECT architecture

    A Presence-Based Architecture for a Gateway to Integrate Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), the IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

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    Résumé Le IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS) est un sujet de recherche qui attire l’attention de la communauté de recherche. Il a comme but de fournir un accès mobile aux différents services internet. Il s’agit d’une architecture de contrôle au-dessus de la couche IP dont le but est de fournir une qualité de service, services intégrés et un système de tarification équitable à travers des interfaces standards. D’autre part, le réseau Ad-hoc de véhicules (VANETs) fournit un nouveau moyen de communication sans-fil entre les véhicules circulants à grande vitesse ainsi que les équipements installés tout au long des côtés de la route. Cette technologie ouvre la porte pour développer des applications diverses comme la génie de trafic, gestion du trafic, diffusion d’information en cas d’urgence pour éviter des situations critiques, divertissement et bien d’autres choses. VANETs forme une sous-classe des réseaux Ad-hoc mobile dont la performance est fortement liée au protocole de routage utilisé dans le réseau. L’intégration des deux technologies, IMS et VANET, permettra de mettre en œuvre de nouveaux services multimédias. Ce mémoire de maîtrise propose une architecture d’une passerelle incorporant ces deux technologies ensemble. Étant donné que les deux architectures utilisent des formats de communication différents, on a conçu un middleware afin d’adapter le format en fonction de la destination et de choisir la meilleur stratégie de livraison d’information entre eux. La passerelle, qui est le cœur de notre architecture, est une couche au-dessus du IMS et le VANET. ----------ABSTRACT On one hand, IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS) are a research area that has been gaining attention from the research community. It aims to provide cellular access to all Internet services. It is a control architecture on the top of the IP layer whose goal is dependent on the provision of the Quality of Service (QoS), integrated services and fair charging scheme throughout standard interfaces. On the other hand, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are a new communication paradigm that enables the wireless communication between vehicles moving with high speeds, as well as the vehicles and the road side equipments found along the roads. This opened the door to develop several new applications like, traffic engineering, traffic management, dissemination of emergency information to avoid critical situations, comfort and entertainment and other user applications. Moreover, VANETs are a sub-class of mobile ad-hoc networks; the performance of the communication depends on how better the routing takes place in the network. Routing of data depends on the routing protocols being used in the network. Combining the capabilities of IMS world with the VANET world opens the door to deploy a wide range of novel multimedia services. This dissertation proposes a presence-based architecture for the integration of IMS with VANETs. The presence of the middleware is used to make an instantaneous awareness of the VANETs changes as well as of the IMS format and to select the best delivery strategy between the two architectures. The gateway which is the heart of our architecture is an overlay built on the top of the IMS as well as the VANETs

    Location Detection of Dementia Using GPS Coordinate Finder

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    Gerontology problems affect many old citizens at the age of 67 years old and above. Many people become forgetful as they become older and one of the problems is dementia. Memory impairments are the most common among people with dementia. Dementia can happen to anybody, but it is more common after the age of 65 years. It causes a loss of mental ability, and other symptoms. Dementia can be caused by various disorders which affect parts of the brain involved with thought processes. People with dementia do not remember how to get back home and there is no specialized device to assist family members to take care of their elders in Malaysia. Thus, this project aims to identify tracking system that is suitable for dementia and to develop an application to help relatives to track dementia’s location. This scope is to find the location of dementia and to help relatives to track dementia’s location using GPS tracker and coordinate finder application. This paper discussed about the location detection of the GPS in order to track for dementia’s location for the wide range of network with the accessibility of the Internet network. This system will help relatives to track the location of the people with dementia and to reduce the burden of family member to take care of dementia people. Additionally, the GPS will detect the location and send the message to receiver to inform the current coordinate location. MIT AppInventor is used in developing the Android Application and tested with a smart phone. This paper describes the system designed of GPS and application, and discussed the implementation of the system to the dementia people. Positive results are received from the conducted user perception study and shows that users (family members) are satisfied with the application in identifying dementia’s location effectivel

    Cooperative & cost-effective network selection: a novel approach to support location-dependent & context-aware service migration in VANETs

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    Vehicular networking has gained considerable interest within the research community and industry. This class of mobile ad hoc network expects to play a vital role in the design and deployment of intelligent transportation systems. The research community expects to launch several innovative applications over Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). The automotive industry is supporting the notion of pervasive connectivity by agreeing to equip vehicles with devices required for vehicular ad hoc networking. Equipped with these devices, mobile nodes in VANETs are capable of hosting many types of applications as services for other nodes in the network. These applications or services are classified as safety-critical (failure or unavailability of which may lead to a life threat) and non-safety-critical (failure of which do not lead to a life threat). Safety-critical and non-safety-critical applications need to be supported concurrently within VANETs. This research covers non-safety-critical applications since the research community has overlooked this class of applications. More specifically, this research focuses on VANETs services that are location-dependent. Due to high speed mobility, VANETs are prone to intermittent network connectivity. It is therefore envisioned that location-dependence and intermittent network connectivity are the two major challenges for VANETs to host and operate non-safety-critical VANETs services. The challenges are further exacerbated when the area where the services are to be deployed is unplanned i.e. lacks communication infrastructure and planning. Unplanned areas show irregular vehicular traffic on the road. Either network traffic flows produced by irregular vehicular traffic may lead to VANETs communication channel congestion, or it may leave the communication channel under-utilized. In both cases, this leads to communication bottlenecks within VANETs. This dissertation investigates the shortcomings of location-dependence, intermittent network connectivity and irregular network traffic flows and addresses them by exploiting location-dependent service migration over an integrated network in an efficient and cost-effective manner

    Incorporating the GEMV2 geometry-based vehicle-to-vehicle radio propagation channe model into de artery simulation framework for vanet applications

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    Orientador: Prof. Dr. Evelio Martin Garcia FernándezCoorientador: Prof. Dr. Christian FacchiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica e e em Engenharia Automotiva Internacional, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e Ciências da Computação, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt. Defesa : Curitiba, 27/08/2018Inclui referências: p.70-73Resumo: A comunicação veicular tem como principal objetivo a otimização do tráfego e a diminuição de acidentes nas estradas. Como trata-se de um item de segurança, é necessário que o sistema seja massivamente testado em diversas situações possíveis antes de ser colocado em prática, o que tornaria a aplicação inviável devido ao elevado custo e ao tempo. Através de simuladores computacionais é possível realizar essa operação mais eficientemente assim como confibializar o sistema como um todo. Para isso é necessário que o simulador veicular possua uma precisão mais próxima da realidade possível com uma alta escabilidade, entretanto, com um processo computacional executável. Nesse contexto, essa dissertação tem o objetivo de tornar o ambiente virtual mais realístico através da implantação de um modelo de rádio propagação propício para o ambiente veicular, o qual diferencia dos modelos tradicionais devido à alta mobilidade dos comunicantes (carros) em alta velocidade e o impacto dos mesmos na comunicação. Como simulador, foi utilizado o framework de simulação Artery, o qual é uma extensão melhorada do VEINS uma vez que agrega as funcionalidades de comunicação europeia VANET no mesmo e aumenta sua escabilidade. Além disso o Artery faz uso do Vanetza, o qual é responsável pela implementação da pilha de protocolo do ETSI ITS-G5. Tanto o Artery e Vanetza são desenvolvidos sob a plataforma Omnet++ e possuem licença de código aberto. O GEMV² é um modelo de rádio propagação determinístico e estocástico, o qual considera o impacto dos demais veículos sobre o canal de comunicação veicular. Além disso, apresenta um modelo eficiente para realísticas simulações em larga escala com milhares de veículos comunicantes em vários ambientes veiculares (urbano, rural, rodovia). Além disso apresenta um ótimo tradeoff entre escabilidade e precisão, tendo seu modelo validado através de medições de campo. Após a implementação do modelo GEMV² na estrutura de simulação Artery constatou-se uma alta sensibilidade do mesmo para variações no posicionamento da antena e do carro por si só, e assim como previsto, uma melhora aproximadamente de 82,3 dB na potência recebida se comparado com modelos tradicionais de rádio propagação usados até então no Artery, justificados pelas considerações geométricas que o modelo aplica. Palavras-chave: VANET, Artery, GEMV², modelo de rádio propagação veicular, framework de simulação. Omnet. MATLAB.Abstract: The main goal of vehicular communication is the traffic optimization and the reduction of accidents on the roads. Since it is a safety item, it is recommended that the system is massively tested in several possible situations before being put into practice, which would become the application infeasible due to the high cost and time. Through computer simulations, it is possible to perform these operations more efficiently as well as getting the whole system more trustworthy. That said, it is necessary that the network and traffic based vehicular simulator has an accuracy as close to reality as possible and with a high scalability, however, with an executable computational process. As for the simulator, the Artery simulation framework was used, which is based on VEINS and enhances this by adding the European VANET communication functionality and by increasing its scalability. In addition, Artery makes use of Vanetza, which is an implementation of the ETSI ITS-G5 protocol stack. Both Artery and Vanetza were developed under the Omnet ++ platform as open source. In this context, this dissertation aims to become the virtual environment more realistic by implementing a radio propagation model that fits the vehicular environment, which differentiates from the traditional models due to the high mobility of the communicators (vehicles) at high speed and their impact over the communication channel. The GEMV² is a deterministic and stochastic radio propagation model, which considers the impact of the other vehicles over the vehicular communication channel. In addition, it presents an efficient model for realistic large-scale simulations with thousands of communicating vehicles in various vehicular environments (urban, rural, highway). Furthermore, it can achieve a good scalability/accuracy tradeoff, having its model validated through extensive field measurements. After the implementation of the GEMV² model into the Artery simulation framework was noticed that the model has a high sensitive in relation to the antenna position and the vehicle's positioning itself. Moreover, as expected, an improvement of approximately 82.3 dB at received power emerged if compared to the traditional radio propagation models used by Artery till then, justified by the geometric considerations that the model applies. Keywords: VANET, Artery, GEMV², vehicular radio propagation model, simulation framework. Omnet. MATLAB
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