A study of remotely booking slot for vehicle using Internet of Things

Internet Of Things (IoT) is a continually growing area which aids us to unite diverse objects. The proposed system exhibits the universal notion of utilizing cloud-based intellectual automotive car parking facilities in smart cities as a notable implementation of the IoT. Such services demonstrate to be a noteworthy part of the IoT and thus serving users in no small amount due to its pure commerce positioned qualities. Electromagnetic fields are being used by RFID to detect and track tags ascribed to objects automatically. The RFID technology is used in this system along with suitable IoT protocols to evade human interference, which reduces the cost. Information is bartered using readers and tags. RFID and IoT technologies are mainly used to automate the guide systems and make them strong and more accurate. Open Service Gateways can be effectively used for this module. This system established on the consequence of IoT and the purposes are solving the chaos, bewilderment, and extensive backlogs in parking spaces like malls and business parks that are customary as a consequence of the increased use of automobiles. The proposed work aims to solve these problems and offer car drivers a hassle-free and instantaneous car parking experience. While a number of nodes are positioned depends on topographical restrictions, positioning of prominent anchor sensor nodes in the smart parking is a primary factor against which the efficiency and cost of the parking system hang. A Raspberry Pi would act as a mini-computer in our system. A suitable smallest path methodology would be cast-off to obtain the shortest distance between the user and every car park in the system. Hence, the pausing time of the user is decreased. This work furthermore includes the practice of remotely booking of a slot with the collaboration of android application exercising smartphones for the communication between the Smart Parking system and the user

Gendered travel behaviour in micromobility? Travel speed and route choice through the lens of intersecting identities

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MAltres ajuts: This work was supported by the Generalitat de Catalunya (Inclusiva, Sostenible, Saludable i Resilient. La Mobilitat i la Ciutat en l'Escenari Postpandemia, PANDE 00023, 2020); and the Institut de Cultura, Ajuntament de Barcelona (New mobility in the city: NEWMOB, 19S01360 -006).Evidence shows that the use of micromobility vehicles is currently skewed towards young men, who are more likely to adopt risky behaviours, such as fast or aggressive riding. However, research on micromobility travel behaviour founded on GPS data has repeatedly failed to disaggregate findings by gender, or to account for intertwined sociodemographic identities. In this study, we investigate how bike-share cyclists and private e-scooter riders navigate through Barcelona's cycling facilities, and whether intersecting identities (in terms of gender, age and parenthood) influence their performance. Using 911 GPS-tracked trips of 89 participants, we build a multilevel linear mixed effects model that analyses the speed at which cyclists and e-scooter riders travel. The results show that the speed gender gap is particularly salient among e-scooter users, while being almost non-existent among cyclists. The model further indicates that cycling facilities influence riding speed, and that intersecting identities significantly explain how micromobility users circulate through the city. Drawing on theories of performativity and embodiment, we argue that findings pointing to gender differences in travel behaviour might be explained by women's unwillingness to negotiate traffic or tolerate harassment in highly masculinised spaces. These findings contribute to the limited available knowledge on the objective travel behaviour of micromobility users from a gender and intersectional perspective, i.e. recognising the complex way in which multiple forms of discrimination associated with identity combine. We also provide valuable insights into how the design of urban environments and targeted policies can have diverse effects on different micromobility users

On Shape and Being Shaped - Rethinking the Urban Built Environment as a Catalyst of Childhood Inactivity and Obesity

Childhood obesity, although a preventable condition, remains a major global public health concern. Despite tremendous efforts, researchers and policymakers have been unable to turn the tide on children’s weight gain. In recent years, Health Geographers have increasingly acknowledged the role of place in determining children’s levels of extracurricular physical activity, thereby influencing their body shapes. This recognition has not, however, led to a full understanding of the triad connecting the built environment to children’s physical activity and body composition. My dissertation therefore aimed to fill this gap by comprehensively uncovering the dynamics at work in this triad. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods research design was adopted, combining the strengths of quantitative spatial epidemiology and the qualitative exploration of children’s context-specific lifeworlds in London. The integration of findings obtained through these different research lenses showed that the built environment was severely implicated in determining the body composition of young citizens. This effect, however, was not direct, as out-of-school activity emerged as the crucial pivot mediating the built environmental-body composition relation. Through numbers and narratives, the myriad ways in which the environment, activity and body shape interacted were unveiled. First, I demonstrated the need to disentangle extracurricular physical activity and body mass metrics into their prime components. Having done so, I established that active school travel constitutes a primary pathway in tackling the overweight and obesity epidemic, due to its fat-mass-reducing effect and close associations with the built environment. Integration of quantitative and qualitative evidence showed how proximity to school, traffic safety, the provision of safe and well-maintained pavements and crossroads, and parental perceptions were crucially involved in this relationship. Having contributed to the translation of these findings into policy and practice through concrete policy recommendations, this research constitutes a bold step towards the creation of activity-inciting, leptogenic environments for children.ESRC DTP Scholarship; grant number: ES/J500033/1 Gonville & Caius College Cambridge, Gonville Scholarshi

Roads Near Schools and Their Design Safety Analysis of an Indian City

School siting and street design in school neighbourhoods need special considerations in line with user behaviour propensities, road use profile, street type and design, and street design features. School based streets have very specific time surge profiles followed by limited or normal usage at other times of the day. Traffic conflict pattern in these areas also indicates specific profile for hazards, conflicts, and incidents. There is need for guided design that draws from theory, user feedback, road typology, and accident profile of the area. Road safety considerations and road use profile need to be benchmarked for appropriate traffic circulation and calming measures for school street design. Schools may implement preventive mechanisms for ensuring road safety of children. The application of specific design features, including choice editing, user – centred design, and traffic flow management are essential for improved road safety considerations around schools. Keywords: Road Safety, Children, School, India, Urban Design

Allowing the experiences of older adults to be heard: Interpreting senior centre accessibility

Senior centres aim to support and improve the health of older adults by offering a wide variety ofservices and activities tailored to their needs, yet there is little known about accessibility of senior centres. Inaccessible environments can negatively impact participation and health potentially leading to increased sedentary behaviour and morbidity. This study explores the accessibility experiences of older adults through a case study of a senior centre in Southwestern Ontario. This study utilizes a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to ascertain a deeper understanding of the participants’ lived experiences. Six older adult members (m = 2, f = 4; Mage = 72 years) at the participating senior centre volunteered to complete semi-structured interviews. Exploration of data requires each interview to be transcribed verbatim, then analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Emerging from the data were three themes: ideological perspective, aging identity, and barrier dismissal. Upon further analysis, it was revealed that all themes individually, and collectively, contributed to barrier normalization. If participants have been engaging in barrier normalization, they may fail to notice accessibility issues leading them to believe challenges experienced are minor or that few-to-no barriers exist at the senior centre. Normalizing barriers within the environment may indicate to older adults that they are responsible for overcoming challenges, as barriers are a product of their declining bodies. Thus, perpetuating victim-blaming ideologies and potentially hindering environmental approaches to accessibility that target external factors to create environments that are accepting and inclusive to a diversity of individuals