38 research outputs found
On Polygons Excluding Point Sets
By a polygonization of a finite point set in the plane we understand a
simple polygon having as the set of its vertices. Let and be sets
of blue and red points, respectively, in the plane such that is in
general position, and the convex hull of contains interior blue points
and interior red points. Hurtado et al. found sufficient conditions for the
existence of a blue polygonization that encloses all red points. We consider
the dual question of the existence of a blue polygonization that excludes all
red points . We show that there is a minimal number , which is
polynomial in , such that one can always find a blue polygonization
excluding all red points, whenever . Some other related problems are
also considered.Comment: 14 pages, 15 figure
On -Gons and -Holes in Point Sets
We consider a variation of the classical Erd\H{o}s-Szekeres problems on the
existence and number of convex -gons and -holes (empty -gons) in a set
of points in the plane. Allowing the -gons to be non-convex, we show
bounds and structural results on maximizing and minimizing their numbers. Most
noteworthy, for any and sufficiently large , we give a quadratic lower
bound for the number of -holes, and show that this number is maximized by
sets in convex position
Circumscribing Polygons and Polygonizations for Disjoint Line Segments
Given a planar straight-line graph G=(V,E) in R^2, a circumscribing polygon of G is a simple polygon P whose vertex set is V, and every edge in E is either an edge or an internal diagonal of P. A circumscribing polygon is a polygonization for G if every edge in E is an edge of P.
We prove that every arrangement of n disjoint line segments in the plane has a subset of size Omega(sqrt{n}) that admits a circumscribing polygon, which is the first improvement on this bound in 20 years. We explore relations between circumscribing polygons and other problems in combinatorial geometry, and generalizations to R^3.
We show that it is NP-complete to decide whether a given graph G admits a circumscribing polygon, even if G is 2-regular. Settling a 30-year old conjecture by Rappaport, we also show that it is NP-complete to determine whether a geometric matching admits a polygonization
On polygons enclosing point sets II
Let R and B be disjoint point sets such that is in general position. We say that B encloses by R if there is a simple polygon P with vertex set B such that all the elements
in R belong to the interior of P.
In this paper we prove that if the vertices of the convex hull of belong to B, and
|R| ≤ |Conv(B)| − 1 then B encloses R. The bound is tight. This improves on results of a
previous paper in which it was proved that if |R| ≤ 56|Conv (B)| then B encloses R. To obtain our result we prove the next result which is interesting on its own right: Let P be a convex polygon with n vertices \emph{p_1},...,\emph{p_n} and S a set of m points contained in the interior of P, m ≤ n−1. Then there is a convex decomposition {,...,} of P such that all points from S
lie on the boundaries of ,...,, and each contains a whole edge of P on its boundary.Postprint (published version
Counting Triangulations and other Crossing-Free Structures Approximately
We consider the problem of counting straight-edge triangulations of a given
set of points in the plane. Until very recently it was not known
whether the exact number of triangulations of can be computed
asymptotically faster than by enumerating all triangulations. We now know that
the number of triangulations of can be computed in time,
which is less than the lower bound of on the number of
triangulations of any point set. In this paper we address the question of
whether one can approximately count triangulations in sub-exponential time. We
present an algorithm with sub-exponential running time and sub-exponential
approximation ratio, that is, denoting by the output of our
algorithm, and by the exact number of triangulations of , for some
positive constant , we prove that . This is the first algorithm that in sub-exponential time computes a
-approximation of the base of the number of triangulations, more
precisely, . Our algorithm can be
adapted to approximately count other crossing-free structures on , keeping
the quality of approximation and running time intact. In this paper we show how
to do this for matchings and spanning trees.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figures. A preliminary version appeared at CCCG 201
Non-Crossing Hamiltonian Paths and Cycles in Output-Polynomial Time
We show that, for planar point sets, the number of non-crossing Hamiltonian paths is polynomially bounded in the number of non-crossing paths, and the number of non-crossing Hamiltonian cycles (polygonalizations) is polynomially bounded in the number of surrounding cycles. As a consequence, we can list the non-crossing Hamiltonian paths or the polygonalizations, in time polynomial in the output size, by filtering the output of simple backtracking algorithms for non-crossing paths or surrounding cycles respectively. To prove these results we relate the numbers of non-crossing structures to two easily-computed parameters of the point set: the minimum number of points whose removal results in a collinear set, and the number of points interior to the convex hull. These relations also lead to polynomial-time approximation algorithms for the numbers of structures of all four types, accurate to within a constant factor of the logarithm of these numbers