Active Vision Therapy for Anisometropic Amblyopia in Children: A Systematic Review

Purpose. The aim of the study was evaluation of the scientific evidence about the efficacy of vision therapy in children and teenagers with anisometropic amblyopia by performing a systematic literature review. Methods. A search was performed using 3 searching strategies in 4 different databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PruQuest). The quality of the included articles was evaluated using two tools for the risk of bias assessment, ROBINS-I for nonrandomized studies of intervention (NRSI), and ROB 2.0 for randomized clinical trials. Results. The search showed 1274 references, but only 8 of them passed the inclusion criteria after the complete text review. The articles that were finally included comprised 2 randomized control trials and 6 nonrandomized studies of intervention. These articles provided evidence supporting the efficacy of vision therapy for the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia in children and teenagers. Assessment of the risk of bias showed an appropriate risk of bias for the randomized control trials, but a high risk of bias for nonrandomized studies of intervention (NRSI). A main source of risk of bias for NRSI was the domain related to the measurements of the outcomes, due to a lack of double-blind studies. Conclusion. Vision therapy is a promising option for the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia in children and teenagers. However, the level of scientific evidence provided by the studies revised is still limited, and further randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm the results provided to date and to optimize the vision therapy techniques by knowing the specific neural mechanisms involved.The author David P Piñero was supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness of Spain within the program Ramón y Cajal, RYC-2016-20471

Computer Entertainment Technologies for the Visually Impaired: An Overview

Over the last years, works related to accessible technologies have increased both in number and in quality. This work presents a series of articles which explore different trends in the field of accessible video games for the blind or visually impaired. Reviewed articles are distributed in four categories covering the following subjects: (1) video game design and architecture, (2) video game adaptations, (3) accessible games as learning tools or treatments and (4) navigation and interaction in virtual environments. Current trends in accessible game design are also analysed, and data is presented regarding keyword use and thematic evolution over time. As a conclusion, a relative stagnation in the field of human-computer interaction for the blind is detected. However, as the video game industry is becoming increasingly interested in accessibility, new research opportunities are starting to appear

Proceedings of the 6th international conference on disability, virtual reality and associated technologies (ICDVRAT 2006)

The proceedings of the conferenc

Técnicas y métodos para el seguimiento de la evolución de la habilidad motriz fina de miembro superior : revisión de la literatura

Introduction: This review article is the product of research on the methods, techniques and devices used in the measurement of fine motor skills of upper limbs and its respective evolution, developed at Universidad del Cauca in 2018. Problem: Objective measurement of the evolution of upper limb motor skills in the rehabilitation processes.  Objective: To identify the conventional techniques and electronic devices used in the measurement of the evolution of upper limb motor ability.  Methodology: Four scientific databases were reviewed in addition to the Google Scholar search engine. The keywords used for the search were: "fine motor skills", "hand measurement", "hand rehabilitation"and "hand function", among others.  Results: Approximately 3840 articles related to the subject were found. When applying the exclusion criteria, the article number to be revised was reduced to 63, which were analyzed in the present review. Conclusions: The tools applied by health professionals are convenient due to their rapid execution and easy access, however they can be subject to human error since they depend on the experience of the user. Electronic systems present objective measurements, however, their complexity and cost are high. Originality: This work presents information on the therapeutic techniques and technological devices used, in certain pathologies, for the evaluation of upper limb motor ability. Limitations: Not all articles analyzed have a detailed description of the people in which the studies were conducted.Introducción: El artículo es producto de una investigación sobre los métodos, técnicas y dispositivos utilizados en la medición de la habilidad motriz fina de miembro superior y su respectiva evolución, desarrollada en la Universidad del Cauca en el año 2018. Problema: Medición objetiva la evolución de la habilidad motriz de miembro superior en los procesos de rehabilitación. Objetivo: Identificar las técnicas convencionales y dispositivos electrónicos utilizados en la medición de la evolución de la habilidad motriz de miembro superior. Metodología: Se revisaron cuatro bases de datos científicas además del motor de búsqueda Google Académico. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron las palabras clave: “fine motor skills”, “hand measurement”, “hand rehabilitation”, “hand function”, entre otras. Resultados: Se encontraron aproximadamente 3840 artículos relacionados con la temática. Al aplicar los criterios de exclusión el número de artículo a revisar se redujo a 63, los cuales fueron analizados en la presente revisión. Conclusiones: Las herramientas aplicadas por profesionales de la salud son convenientes debido a su rápida ejecución y fácil acceso, sin embargo pueden estar sujetas al error humano puesto que dependen de la experiencia de quien las utiliza. Los sistemas electrónicos, presentan mediciones objetivas, no obstante, su complejidad y costo es elevado. Originalidad: Este trabajo presenta información sobre las técnicas terapéuticas y dispositivos tecnológicos, utilizados en ciertas patologías, para la evaluación de la habilidad motriz de miembro superior. Limitaciones: No todos los artículos analizados cuentan con una descripción detallada de las personas en las que los estudios fueron realizados

Eye tracking in optometry: A systematic review

This systematic review examines the use of eye-tracking devices in optometry, describing their main characteristics, areas of application and metrics used. Using the PRISMA method, a systematic search was performed of three databases. The search strategy identified 141 reports relevant to this topic, indicating the exponential growth over the past ten years of the use of eye trackers in optometry. Eye-tracking technology was applied in at least 12 areas of the field of optometry and rehabilitation, the main ones being optometric device technology, and the assessment, treatment, and analysis of ocular disorders. The main devices reported on were infrared light-based and had an image capture frequency of 60 Hz to 2000 Hz. The main metrics mentioned were fixations, saccadic movements, smooth pursuit, microsaccades, and pupil variables. Study quality was sometimes limited in that incomplete information was provided regarding the devices used, the study design, the methods used, participants' visual function and statistical treatment of data. While there is still a need for more research in this area, eye-tracking devices should be more actively incorporated as a useful tool with both clinical and research applications. This review highlights the robustness this technology offers to obtain objective information about a person's vision in terms of optometry and visual function, with implications for improving visual health services and our understanding of the vision process

MIFTel: a multimodal interactive framework based on temporal logic rules

Human-computer and multimodal interaction are increasingly used in everyday life. Machines are able to get more from the surrounding world, assisting humans in different application areas. In this context, the correct processing and management of signals provided by the environments is determinant for structuring the data. Different sources and acquisition times can be exploited for improving recognition results. On the basis of these assumptions, we are proposing a multimodal system that exploits Allen’s temporal logic combined with a prevision method. The main object is to correlate user’s events with system’s reactions. After post-elaborating coming data from different signal sources (RGB images, depth maps, sounds, proximity sensors, etc.), the system is managing the correlations between recognition/detection results and events in real-time to create an interactive environment for the user. For increasing the recognition reliability, a predictive model is also associated with the proposed method. The modularity of the system grants a full dynamic development and upgrade with custom modules. Finally, a comparison with other similar systems is shown, underlining the high flexibility and robustness of the proposed event management method

Proceedings of the 6th Annual Meeting

Coimbra Health School - Annual Meeting 2020. 6th Annual Meeting. June 25th - 27th, 2020.N/

Improving lives of children through occupational therapy vision evaluation and intervention

INTRODUCTION: Children in inpatient settings are in an unfamiliar environment that does not facilitate engagement in typical occupations. Children report multiple concerns with the hospital environment and experience including physical pain, loss of independence, loss of meaningful activities, lack of routine, and loss of control. Occupational therapists play a distinct role in improving the hospitalization experience for children by addressing these concerns. By improving the evaluation and treatment of visual deficits for children in inpatients settings, occupational therapists can increase children’s function and independence in meaningful activities and maximize psychological well-being. THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE AND EVIDENCE: Self-determination theory posits that humans have three innate psychological needs – competence, autonomy, and relatedness. These needs are not being met for children in inpatient settings as shown by multiple qualitative studies, however occupational therapy can aid in meeting these needs through proper intervention. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: Resources were developed to improve the evaluation and treatment of visual deficits in children in inpatient settings including a vision screening tool, treatment protocol, referral protocol, and functional implications of visual deficits chart. METHODS: The vision screening tool and protocols were used on a small sample of patients (n=6) to identify and treat visual deficits. A survey was provided to occupational therapists to determine feasibility, usefulness, and effectiveness of the resources. CONCLUSION: The resources are useful and feasible for evaluating and treating visual deficits in children in the inpatient setting