390 research outputs found
Optimal Multiuser Transmit Beamforming: A Difficult Problem with a Simple Solution Structure
Transmit beamforming is a versatile technique for signal transmission from an
array of antennas to one or multiple users [1]. In wireless communications,
the goal is to increase the signal power at the intended user and reduce
interference to non-intended users. A high signal power is achieved by
transmitting the same data signal from all antennas, but with different
amplitudes and phases, such that the signal components add coherently at the
user. Low interference is accomplished by making the signal components add
destructively at non-intended users. This corresponds mathematically to
designing beamforming vectors (that describe the amplitudes and phases) to have
large inner products with the vectors describing the intended channels and
small inner products with non-intended user channels.
While it is fairly easy to design a beamforming vector that maximizes the
signal power at the intended user, it is difficult to strike a perfect balance
between maximizing the signal power and minimizing the interference leakage. In
fact, the optimization of multiuser transmit beamforming is generally a
nondeterministic polynomial-time (NP) hard problem [2]. Nevertheless, this
lecture shows that the optimal transmit beamforming has a simple structure with
very intuitive properties and interpretations. This structure provides a
theoretical foundation for practical low-complexity beamforming schemes.
(See this lecture note for the complete abstract/introduction)Comment: Accepted for publication as lecture note in IEEE Signal Processing
Magazine, 11 pages, 3 figures. The results can be reproduced using the
following Matlab code: https://github.com/emilbjornson/optimal-beamformin
Hardware Impairments Aware Transceiver Design for Bidirectional Full-Duplex MIMO OFDM Systems
In this paper we address the linear precoding and decoding design problem for
a bidirectional orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (OFDM) communication
system, between two multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) full-duplex (FD)
nodes. The effects of hardware distortion as well as the channel state
information error are taken into account. In the first step, we transform the
available time-domain characterization of the hardware distortions for FD MIMO
transceivers to the frequency domain, via a linear Fourier transformation. As a
result, the explicit impact of hardware inaccuracies on the residual
selfinterference (RSI) and inter-carrier leakage (ICL) is formulated in
relation to the intended transmit/received signals. Afterwards, linear
precoding and decoding designs are proposed to enhance the system performance
following the minimum-mean-squarederror (MMSE) and sum rate maximization
strategies, assuming the availability of perfect or erroneous CSI. The proposed
designs are based on the application of alternating optimization over the
system parameters, leading to a necessary convergence. Numerical results
indicate that the application of a distortionaware design is essential for a
system with a high hardware distortion, or for a system with a low thermal
noise variance.Comment: Submitted to IEEE for publicatio
Evaluation of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output digital beamforming algorithms in B5G/6G low Earth orbit satellite systems
Satellite communication systems will be a key component of 5G and 6G networks to achieve the goal of providing unlimited and ubiquitous communications and deploying smart and sustainable networks. To meet the ever-increasing demand for higher throughput in 5G and beyond, aggressive frequency reuse schemes (i.e., full frequency reuse), combined with digital beamforming techniques to cope with the massive co-channel interference, are recognized as a key solution. Aimed at (i) eliminating the joint optimization problem among the beamforming vectors of all users, (ii) splitting it into distinct ones, and (iii) finding a closed-form solution, we propose a beamforming algorithm based on maximizing the users' signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio served by a low Earth orbit satellite. We investigate and assess the performance of several beamforming algorithms, including both those based on channel state information at the transmitter, that is, minimum mean square error and zero forcing, and those only requiring the users' locations, that is, switchable multi-beam. Through a detailed numerical analysis, we provide a thorough comparison of the performance in terms of per-user achievable spectral efficiency of the aforementioned beamforming schemes, and we show that the proposed signal to-leakage-plus-noise ratio beamforming technique is able to outperform both minimum mean square error and multi-beam schemes in the presented satellite communication scenario
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