Synchronous Relaying Of Sensor Data

In this paper we have put forth a novel methodology to relay data obtained by inbuilt sensors of smart phones in real time to remote database followed by fetching of this data . Smart phones are becoming very common and they are laced with a number of sensors that can not only be used in native applications but can also be sent to external nodes to be used by third parties for application and service development

Regional geochemical and geophysical surveys in the Berwyn Dome and adjacent areas, north Wales

This report describes stream sediment and gravity surveys carried out across the Berwyn Dome and adjacent areas. The gravity survey confirmed the presence of a broad regional Bouguer anomaly low in the central part of the Dome, on which is superimposed several smaller irregular highs and lows. Some of these local anomalies possibly reflect small igneous bodies but more detailed gravity surveys would be needed to determine their form. Near Corwen the Bryneglwys Fault coincides with a 4.5 mGa1 anomaly but southwards the two features diverge, suggesting that the density interface is related either to a splay fault or to the eastern margin of the Lower Palaeozoic Montgomery trough. Some other structural trends are weakly reflected on the Bouguer anomaly and aeromagnetic maps, but there is no clear correlation with known base metal mineralisation. The Bouguer anomalies cannot be attributed to particular structures with any certainty but are probably due to a number of factors, including variation in the Precambrian basement and changes in the lithology and thickness of Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks. There is no evidence for a large granitic body in Lower Palaeozoic rocks underlying the mineralisation at Llangynog. The aeromagnetic map suggests the presence of a magnetic basement at a depth of 3-4 km centred beneath the northwestern margin of the Dome. The stream sediment survey involved the collection of a - 100 mesh stream sediment, panned concentrate and water sample from each of the 399 sites sampled. The sample density was 1 site per 1.5 km*. Cu, Pb, Zn, Ba, Fe, Mn, Co, V, Cr, Ni, Zr, MO and Sn were determined in the stream sediments, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ba, Fe, Mn, Ce, Sn, Sb, Ti, Ni and As in the panned concentrates and Cu, Pb and Zn in stream waters. Major variations in the results are related to (i) hydrous oxide precipitation processes, (ii) contamination from human activities, (iii) base metal and baryte mineralisation, (iv) monazite concentrations in panned concentrates, (v) hitherto unrecorded gold mineralisation and (vi) lithological variations. The latter were related principally to shale-sandstone variation, but groups of elements attributable to the presence of basic intrusions, phosphatic rocks, coal measures, sandstones, limestones and volcanics were also discerned. Threshold levels were established from cumulative frequency curve analysis, and some anomalous sites were examined in the field. Anomalies did not form prominent coherent groups and were generally weak and scattered, with a wide variety of element groupings reflecting a range of causes. Many anomalous panned concentrates were examined mineralogically to try to . determine whether anomalies were related to chemically extreme background lithologies, contamination, or mineralisation. All the anomalies were related to one or more of the major causes of variation, although because of the very limited amount of follow-up work carried out the precise cause of many anomalies remains uncertain. No anomaly is considered to represent a strong prospect but several deserve further limited investigation, notably those associated with (i) gold mineralisation in the northwest of the area, (ii) baryte, perhaps accompanied by base metal ’ mineralisation, associated with Caradocian volcanics and phosphatic rocks at several localities, (iii) mineralisation associated with Llandeilian limestones and volcanic rocks north of Llanrhaeadr, and (iv) copper mineralisation associated with intrusives near the eastern margin of the Dome, where survey data is most incomplete

The Methods to Improve Quality of Service by Accounting Secure Parameters

A solution to the problem of ensuring quality of service, providing a greater number of services with higher efficiency taking into account network security is proposed. In this paper, experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of self-similarity and attacks on the quality of service parameters. Method of buffering and control of channel capacity and calculating of routing cost method in the network, which take into account the parameters of traffic multifractality and the probability of detecting attacks in telecommunications networks were proposed. The both proposed methods accounting the given restrictions on the delay time and the number of lost packets for every type quality of service traffic. During simulation the parameters of transmitted traffic (self-similarity, intensity) and the parameters of network (current channel load, node buffer size) were changed and the maximum allowable load of network was determined. The results of analysis show that occurrence of overload when transmitting traffic over a switched channel associated with multifractal traffic characteristics and presence of attack. It was shown that proposed methods can reduce the lost data and improve the efficiency of network resources.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, 1 equation, 1 table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1904.0520

Nonvolcanic tremor observed in the Mexican subduction zone

Nonvolcanic tremor (NVT) activity is revealed as episodes of higher spectral amplitude at 1–8 Hz in daily spectrograms from the continuous seismological records in Guerrero, Mexico. The analyzed data cover a period of 2001–2007 when in 2001–2002 a large slow slip event (SSE) had occurred in the Guerrero-Oaxaca region, and then a new large SSE occurred in 2006. The tremor burst is dominated by S-waves. More than 100 strong NVT bursts were recorded in the narrow band of ~40 × 150 km^2 to the south of Iguala City and parallel to the coastline. Depths of NVT hypocenters are mostly scattered in the continental crust between 5 and 40 km depth. Tremor activity is higher during the 2001–2002 and 2006 SSE compared with that for the “quiet” period of 2003–2005. While resistivity pattern in Guerrero does not correlate directly with the NVT distribution, gravity and magnetic anomaly modeling favors a hypothesis that the NVT is apparently related to the dehydration and serpentinization processes

Quantifying Eulerian Eddy Leakiness in an Idealized Model

An idealized eddy‐resolving ocean basin, closely resembling the North Pacific Ocean, is simulated using MITgcm. We identify rotationally coherent Lagrangian vortices (RCLVs) and sea surface height (SSH) eddies based on the Lagrangian and Eulerian framework, respectively. General statistical results show that RCLVs have a much smaller coherent core than SSH eddies with the ratio of radius is about 0.5. RCLVs are often enclosed by SSH anomaly contours, but SSH eddy identification method fails to detect more than half of RCLVs. Based on their locations, two types of eddies are classified into three categories: overlapping RCLVs and SSH eddies, nonoverlapping SSH eddies, and nonoverlapping RCLVs. Using Lagrangian particles, we examine the processes of leakage and intrusion around SSH eddies. For overlapping SSH eddies, over the lifetime, the material coherent core only accounts for about 25% and about 50% of initial water leak from eddy interior. The remaining 25% of water can still remain inside the boundary, but only in the form of filaments outside the coherent core. For nonoverlapping SSH eddies, more water leakage (about 60%) occurs at a faster rate. Guided by the number and radius of SSH eddies, fixed circles and moving circles are randomly selected to diagnose the material flux around these circles. We find that the leakage and intrusion trends of moving circles are quite similar to that of nonoverlapping SSH eddies, suggesting that the material coherence properties of nonoverlapping SSH eddies are not significantly different from random pieces of ocean with the same size

The development of magmatism along the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Evidence from teleseismic receiver functions

[1] The Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) in West Africa is a chain of Cenozoic volcanism with no clear age progression. The reasons for its existence are unclear, and the nature of its magmatic plumbing system is poorly understood. Specifically, whether or not the CVL crust presently contains melt and/or mafic intrusions, as is often observed at hot spots and rifts elsewhere, is presently unknown. To address this issue, we present a receiver function study of crustal structure using earthquakes recorded by the Cameroon Broadband Seismic Experiment. In regions of the CVL unaffected by Cretaceous extension associated with the breakup of Gondwana (e.g., the Garoua rift), Vp/Vs ratios are markedly low (network average ?1.74) compared to hot spots elsewhere, providing no evidence for either melt or cooled mafic crustal intrusions due to CVL magmatism. The character of P-to-S conversions from beneath the CVL also indicates that lower-crustal intrusions (often termed underplate) are not present beneath the region. Our observations thus corroborate earlier petrological studies that show CVL alkaline magmas fractionate in the mantle, not the crust, prior to eruption. Hypotheses for the formation of the CVL should not include markedly elevated upper-mantle potential temperatures, or large volumes of partial melt, both of which can explain observations at hot spots and rifts worldwide. The protracted, yet sporadic, development of small-volume alkali melts beneath the CVL may instead be explained better by lower melt volume mechanisms such as shear zone reactivation or lithospheric delamination