A Framework for Annotating 'Related Works' to Support Feedback to Novice Writers

Understanding what is expected of academic writing can be difficult for novice writers to assimilate, and recent years have seen several automated tools become available to support academic writing. Our work presents a framework for annotating features of the Related Work section of academic writing, that supports writer feedback.Peer reviewe

Design science research in PhD education: designing for assistance tools

170 p.scholars. Major conferences have tracks dedicated to DSR, and even leading journals have publishedspecial issues on it. In line with this momentum, DSR has also gained acceptance among PhD students.Indeed, DSR is well regarded for its ability to bring together theoretical and practical knowledge,addressing both rigor and relevance. But in exchange, DSR calls for high levels of commitment andmaturity. PhD students, as they are transitioning towards becoming independent researchers, usually lacksuch maturity. On top of that, the lack of widely accepted software tools for conducting DSR does nothelp.This Thesis is aimed at providing PhD students with tool support for carrying out DSR. To thatend, we focus on problematic situations related to four basic activities conducted throughout thedoctorate: inquiry, reading, writing and peer review. For each of these problems, a purposeful artifact isdesigned, developed and evaluated with real stakeholders. The outcome: DScaffolding and Review&Go,two browser extensions for Google Chrome currently in use by practitioners

Exploring the Impact of Teacher Collaboration on Student Learning: A Focus on Writing

In this yearlong case study, six English teachers in an urban high school in Northern California engaged in sustained collaboration focused on developing and enacting strategies to improve the writing skills of their culturally and linguistically diverse freshmen. The study was conducted between August 2018 and June 2019, to determine the connections, if any, between teacher collaboration and student learning. Qualitative data were analyzed from teacher collaboration and observation of classroom practices, focus groups and teacher-created artifacts. Students’ on-demand writing assessments in fall and spring were compared with instructionally supported writing. Student surveys were analyzed in a mixed methods approach. Findings suggest that students’ writing skills improved and students reported increased confidence in writing and other literacy practices. The lessons developed in the collaboration meetings and observed in practice, in tandem with student and teacher self-reports suggest a positive relationship between teacher collaboration and student learning outcomes

Annotation Studio: Multimedia Annotation for Students

Annotation Studio is a web-based annotation application that integrates a powerful set of textual interpretation tools behind an interface that makes using those tools intuitive for undergraduates. Building on students’ new media literacies, this Open-source application develops traditional humanistic skills including close reading, textual analysis, persuasive writing, and critical thinking. Initial features of the Annotation Studio prototype, supported by an NEH Start-Up Grant, include aligned multi-media annotation of written texts, user-defined sharing of annotations, and grouping of annotation by self-defined tags to support interpretation and argument development. The fully developed application will support annotation of image, video and audio documents; annotation visualization; export of texts with annotations; and a media repository. We will also identify best practices among faculty using Annotation Studio in a broad range of humanities classes across the country

The Affordances of Social Annotation in the Online Writing Classroom: A Community of Inquiry Analysis

Social annotation (SA) is a genre of web-based applications that allow users to annotate texts and to see and respond to annotations others have written. To explore the potential of SA for teaching writing online, findings from twelve empirical studies of SA in education were analyzed through the lens of the Community of Inquiry framework. Results indicate that SA can contribute to cognitive presence, social presence, and teaching presence in online writing instruction. SA supports collaborative understanding and unpacking of texts. Students can identify and discuss main ideas, claims, rhetorical moves, evidence, etc. They can ask and answer questions. The demands of articulating their views and comparing them to those of others cause students to become aware of their thought processes, a metacognitive development. Pedagogical strategies such as highlighting important concepts and seeding expert annotations can focus attention and scaffold learning. SA can promote the development of community as students collaborate and encourage one another. Teachers can plan and monitor SA activities aligned with learning outcomes. The findings provide insights to guide incorporation of SA in online writing instruction

Facilitating Adaptive and Dynamic Learning Transfer Using Genre-based, Translingual, and Multimodal Pedagogies in L2 Composition Instruction

Ensuring that students can transfer the knowledge and skills they learn in L2 composition classes to future personal, academic, and professional contexts outside of the classroom is perhaps the most important goal of L2 college writing instruction. However, while research shows that pedagogies based in adaptive and dynamic learning transfer, defined as the repurposing or innovation of knowledge to negotiate new and unfamiliar writing contexts, are more successful in preparing students to transfer their knowledge to future contexts than pedagogies based in similarity learning transfer, defined as the matching of knowledge across comparable known contexts, many L2 college composition instructors still either only rely on similarity transfer techniques or assume that learning transfer will automatically take place without specific pedagogical interventions. This project examines how genre-based, translingual, and multimodal pedagogies serve as teaching-for-transfer techniques that actively promote adaptive and dynamic learning transfer in L2 composition classrooms. Rejecting the popular method of teaching L2 composition using modes-based and essay-based writing assignments that are based in the ideology of English monolingualism and prioritize the singular modality of the written text, these innovative pedagogies encourage students to make connections across a variety of different genres, languages, and modes, increasing their rhetorical flexibility and capacity for innovation that is necessary to adapt their knowledge to future unknown writing contexts in the process. Weaving together these novel pedagogies in a sample unit on social media profile genres, this project shows the value of combining multiple different techniques that promote adaptive and dynamic learning transfer in order to better prepare students for the increasingly common 21st century multi-genre, multilingual, and multimodal composing environments they will face in their future personal, academic, and professional lives

Abstraction in action: K-5 teachers' uses of levels of abstraction, particularly the design level, in teaching programming

Research indicates that understanding levels of abstraction (LOA) and being able to move between the levels is essential to programming success. For K-5 contexts LOA levels have been named: problem, design, code and running the code. In a qualitative exploratory study, five K-5 teachers were interviewed on their uses of LOA, particularly the design level, in teaching programming and other subjects. Using PCK elements to analyse responses, the teachers interviewed used design as an instructional strategy and for assessment. The teachers used design as an aide memoire and the expert teachers used design: as a contract for pair-programming; to work out what they needed to teach; for learners to annotate with code snippets (to transition across LOA); for learners to self-assess and to assess ‘do-ability’. The teachers used planning in teaching writing to scaffold learning and promote self-regulation revealing their insight in student understanding. One issue was of the teachers' knowledge of terms including algorithm and code; a concept of ‘emergent algorithms’ is proposed. Findings from the study suggest design helps learners learn to program in the same way that planning helps learners learn to write and that LOA, particularly the design level, may provide an accessible exemplar of abstraction in action. Further work is needed to verify whether the study's results are generalisable more widely

Classifying author intention for writer feedback in related work

Peer reviewe