A formal exploration of Nominal Kleene Algebra

International audienceAn axiomatisation of Nominal Kleene Algebra has been proposed by Gabbay and Ciancia, and then shown to be complete and decidable by Kozen et al. However, one can think of at least four different formulations for a Kleene Algebra with names: using freshness conditions or a presheaf structure (types), and with explicit permutations or not. We formally show that these variations are all equivalent. Then we introduce an extension of Nominal Kleene Algebra, motivated by relational models of programming languages. The idea is to let letters (i.e., atomic programs) carry a set of names, rather than being reduced to a single name. We formally show that this extension is at least as expressive as the original one, and that it may be presented with or without a presheaf structure, and with or without syntactic permutations. Whether this extension is strictly more expressive remains open. All our results were formally checked using the Coq proof assistant

A Kleene Theorem for Nominal Automata

Nominal automata are a widely studied class of automata designed to recognise languages over infinite alphabets. In this paper, we present a Kleene theorem for nominal automata by providing a syntax to denote regular nominal languages. We use regular expressions with explicit binders for creation and destruction of names and pinpoint an exact property of these expressions - namely memory-finiteness - identifying a subclass of expressions denoting exactly regular nominal languages

Reversible Kleene lattices

International audienceWe investigate the equational theory of reversible Kleene lattices, that is algebras of languages with the regular operations (union, composition and Kleene star), together with the intersection and mirror image. Building on results by Andréka, Mikulás and Németi from 2011, we construct the free representation of this algebra. We then provide an automaton model to compare representations. These automata are adapted from Petri automata, which we introduced with Pous in 2015 to tackle a similar problem for algebras of binary relations. This allows us to show that testing the validity of equations in this algebra is decidable, and in fact ExpSpace-complete

Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures, FOSSACS 2019, which took place in Prague, Czech Republic, in April 2019, held as part of the European Joint Conference on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2019. The 29 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 85 submissions. They deal with foundational research with a clear significance for software science

Resources in process algebra

The Algebra of Communicating Shared Resources (ACSR) is a timed process algebra which extends classical process algebras with the notion of a resource. It takes the view that the timing behavior of a real-time system depends not only on delays due to process synchronization, but also on the availability of shared resources. Thus, ACSR employs resources as a basic primitive and it represents a real-time system as a collection of concurrent processes which may communicate with each other by means of instantaneous events and compete for the usage of shared resources. Resources are used to model physical devices such as processors, memory modules, communication links, or any other reusable resource of limited capacity. Additionally, they provide a convenient abstraction mechanism for capturing a variety of aspects of system behavior. In this paper we give an overview of ACSR and its probabilistic extension, PACSR, where resources can fail with associated failure probabilities. We present associated analysis techniques for performing qualitative analysis (such as schedulability analysis) and quantitative analysis (such as resource utilization analysis) of process-algebraic descriptions. We also discuss mappings between probabilistic and non-probabilistic models, which allow us to use analysis techniques from one algebra on models from the other

Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures, FOSSACS 2020, which took place in Dublin, Ireland, in April 2020, and was held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2020. The 31 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 98 submissions. The papers cover topics such as categorical models and logics; language theory, automata, and games; modal, spatial, and temporal logics; type theory and proof theory; concurrency theory and process calculi; rewriting theory; semantics of programming languages; program analysis, correctness, transformation, and verification; logics of programming; software specification and refinement; models of concurrent, reactive, stochastic, distributed, hybrid, and mobile systems; emerging models of computation; logical aspects of computational complexity; models of software security; and logical foundations of data bases.

On the Semantics of Intensionality and Intensional Recursion

Intensionality is a phenomenon that occurs in logic and computation. In the most general sense, a function is intensional if it operates at a level finer than (extensional) equality. This is a familiar setting for computer scientists, who often study different programs or processes that are interchangeable, i.e. extensionally equal, even though they are not implemented in the same way, so intensionally distinct. Concomitant with intensionality is the phenomenon of intensional recursion, which refers to the ability of a program to have access to its own code. In computability theory, intensional recursion is enabled by Kleene's Second Recursion Theorem. This thesis is concerned with the crafting of a logical toolkit through which these phenomena can be studied. Our main contribution is a framework in which mathematical and computational constructions can be considered either extensionally, i.e. as abstract values, or intensionally, i.e. as fine-grained descriptions of their construction. Once this is achieved, it may be used to analyse intensional recursion.Comment: DPhil thesis, Department of Computer Science & St John's College, University of Oxfor