A Divergence Critic for Inductive Proof

Inductive theorem provers often diverge. This paper describes a simple critic, a computer program which monitors the construction of inductive proofs attempting to identify diverging proof attempts. Divergence is recognized by means of a ``difference matching'' procedure. The critic then proposes lemmas and generalizations which ``ripple'' these differences away so that the proof can go through without divergence. The critic enables the theorem prover Spike to prove many theorems completely automatically from the definitions alone.Comment: See http://www.jair.org/ for any accompanying file

FINDIF : a software package to create synthetic seismograms by finite differences

In order to study seismic wave propagation through laterally varying sea floor structures, a software package has been created to generate synthetic seismograms by finite differences. The elastic wave equation can be solved in two dimensions either for point sources in cylindrical coordinates or for line sources in rectangular coordinates. Vertical and radial variations of the elastic parameters are allowed. The package includes four programs. Input to the system consists of a short file containing parameter values to describe the model. The first program is used to initialize the system for the particular model being used. The source arrays and velocity matrices are each computed by a separate program. The final program, which actually carries out the finite difference calculations, includes six subroutines to implement different options based on alternative finite difference formulations. Two different kinds of output files are created by this program: one or more snap-shot files, and one time series file, which will usually include more than one series.Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-79-C-0071; NR 083-004

Painting With Data

At the bit level there is no difference between a number, and image, a word, or a sound, they are all binary strings. I plan to find the parts that say that this is a picture or this is a text file and write a program that gives us the power to change how we experience that data. Dependent on what my research turns up as to the way file types (mp3, jpg, txt) are encoded; I will either change the files at the byte level or create an arbitrary system to translate data into other mediums. Once this program is complete I will open source the project so that it is available for anyone\u27s use

Effect of analysis software program on measured deviations in complete arch, implant-supported framework scans.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Implementation of fabrication trueness analysis by using a recently introduced nonmetrology-grade freeware program may help clinicians and dental laboratory technicians in their routine practice. However, knowledge of the performance of this freeware program when compared with the International Organization for Standardization recommended metrology-grade analysis software program is limited. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of an analysis software program on measured deviations in the complete arch, implant-supported framework scans. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 20 complete arch, implant-supported frameworks were fabricated from a master standard tessellation language (STL) file from either polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or titanium (Ti) (n=10). All frameworks were then digitized by using different scanners to generate test STLs. All STL files were imported into a nonmetrology-grade freeware program (Medit Link) and a metrology-grade software program (Geomagic Control X) to measure the overall and marginal deviations of frameworks from the master STL file by using the root mean square (RMS) method. Data were analyzed by using the two 1-sided paired t test procedure, in which 50 µm was considered as the minimal clinically meaningful difference (α=.05). RESULTS When overall RMS values were considered, the nonmetrology-grade freeware program was not inferior to the metrology-grade software program (P.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of the tested nonmetrology-grade freeware program resulted in overall deviation measurements similar to those when a metrology-grade software program was used. The freeware program was inferior when marginal deviations were analyzed on E4 scans of a PEEK framework, which was the only scanner-material pair that led to a significant difference, among the 15 pairs tested

Social Security and the Timing of Divorce

The Social Security system contains many features designed to provide an adequate retirement income for familes, rather than just individual retired workers. The most important of these features is the spousal benefit, under which secondary earners are entitled to receive a monthly payment of 50 percent of their spouse's monthly Social Security benefit. However, shifts in family structure since the creation of the Social Security program have led to criticisms of the spousal benefit on equity grounds. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) Marital History File, this paper focuses on one specific implication: Social Security's divorce rules. We find that vulnerable couples are more likely to delay divorce in order to recieve spousal benefits, however the difference is small and statistically insignificant.Social Security, divorce, spousal benefit

SIMULASI GELOMBANG BERJALAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE MATLAB VERSI 7.14

Walking With Wave Simulation Using MATLAB Software Version 7:14. The purpose of this study wasto visualize the simulation program in the two-dimensional wave propagation, waveforms are in phase and phase difference and interference of waves in the wave superposition and wave visualization using MATLAB. This study uses a hardware specification that is a notebook with an Intel ® Core TM i3-380M, 2 GB DDR3 Memory, 320 GB HDD, Windows 7 Professional 32-bit system and the software Matlab & Simulink Release 2012a version 7.14. Making simulation starts from collecting multiple variables from multiple reference wave. The study was conducted by making the program compilers and program display the caller in the script M-file in the software matlab. Then execute all forms of variable wave existing programs in M-files in Matlab and explains all the waveforms are executed

The impact of a teacher induction program on student achievement and the development of the five states of mind

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 5, 2010).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Cynthia MacGregor.Vita.Ed. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2008.This study was a utilization-focused evaluation designed to assist a Midwestern school district in evaluating their teacher induction program. The purpose of the study had three main facets. First was to determine if differences existed in the student achievement between teachers who had participated in the induction program and teachers who had not participated. Second, the study aimed to determine if differences were apparent in any of Cognitive Coaching's five states of mind between teachers who had and had not participated in the district's induction program. The third purpose was to explore novice teachers' perspective on their intentions to stay in the district, what keeps them there, what is attractive about other occupations or districts, and what supports they found most beneficial or would have been valuable to them. The student achievement of 201 students was compared in reading and math. Although the means of the induction teachers was higher than the non induction teachers, no significant difference was supported in the data. A survey taken by novice teachers indicated no significant difference evident between teachers who had and had not participated in the teacher induction program for any of the five states of mind. Qualitative data collected from the survey participants were analyzed and several themes emerged regarding the perspective of novice teachers in the district.Includes bibliographical reference

An analysis of the impact of the A+ schools program on student enrollment, certificate or degree completion and transitioning to a four-year university

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 23, 2010).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Ruth Ann Roberts.Vita.Ed. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2009 .The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of the A+ Schools Program on students utilizing A+ funds to enter a mid-western community college, obtain a certificate or an associate degree, and/or transition to a four-year institution. This study utilized pre-existing data gathered by the A+ Coordinator and the Assistance Institutional Researcher at the mid-western community college and the Department of Higher Education database. Participants consisted of A+ students and non-A+ students enrolled full-time at a mid-western community college in the state of Missouri during the initial eleven years in which the A+ Program incentives were made available. No significant impact of the A+ Schools Program was found on increased enrollment or the three measures of success at the mid-western community college. Comparing statewide data identified a significant difference between A+ and non-A+ students who enrolled in all public community colleges in Missouri. While data reflecting gender differences for certificate attainment was lacking, the research found no significant difference among gender categories of A+ students and non-A+ students regarding enrollment or the three measures of success. Recommendations include: (a) increase connections with K - 16 educators, (b) encourage all high schools in Missouri to adopt A+ Schools Program requirements, (c) promote vocational programs, and (d) develop a common framework for effective collection, analysis and use of data on student outcomes at the community college level.Includes bibliographical reference