24,321 research outputs found
Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 153)
This bibliography lists 175 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in March 1976
Lights, Camera, Action! Exploring Effects of Visual Distractions on Completion of Security Tasks
Human errors in performing security-critical tasks are typically blamed on
the complexity of those tasks. However, such errors can also occur because of
(possibly unexpected) sensory distractions. A sensory distraction that produces
negative effects can be abused by the adversary that controls the environment.
Meanwhile, a distraction with positive effects can be artificially introduced
to improve user performance.
The goal of this work is to explore the effects of visual stimuli on the
performance of security-critical tasks. To this end, we experimented with a
large number of subjects who were exposed to a range of unexpected visual
stimuli while attempting to perform Bluetooth Pairing. Our results clearly
demonstrate substantially increased task completion times and markedly lower
task success rates. These negative effects are noteworthy, especially, when
contrasted with prior results on audio distractions which had positive effects
on performance of similar tasks. Experiments were conducted in a novel (fully
automated and completely unattended) experimental environment. This yielded
more uniform experiments, better scalability and significantly lower financial
and logistical burdens. We discuss this experience, including benefits and
limitations of the unattended automated experiment paradigm
Using response surface methodology to optimize factors in conjoint experiments
Identifying relevant attributes or variables is the first objective of conjoint analysis in market research. As a result of technological development, today it is common for researchers to use sequential experimental methods for adjusting design factors in successive phases. In particular, in the field of consumer behaviour these models are used predominantly for assessing subjective perceptions relating to the attributes of different products with high sensorial components (e.g. food, drinks and personal care products) ..
Aerospace Medicine and Biology: a Continuing Bibliography with Indexes (Supplement 328)
This bibliography lists 104 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during September, 1989. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance
Prevalence of haptic feedback in robot-mediated surgery : a systematic review of literature
© 2017 Springer-Verlag. This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Journal of Robotic Surgery. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11701-017-0763-4With the successful uptake and inclusion of robotic systems in minimally invasive surgery and with the increasing application of robotic surgery (RS) in numerous surgical specialities worldwide, there is now a need to develop and enhance the technology further. One such improvement is the implementation and amalgamation of haptic feedback technology into RS which will permit the operating surgeon on the console to receive haptic information on the type of tissue being operated on. The main advantage of using this is to allow the operating surgeon to feel and control the amount of force applied to different tissues during surgery thus minimising the risk of tissue damage due to both the direct and indirect effects of excessive tissue force or tension being applied during RS. We performed a two-rater systematic review to identify the latest developments and potential avenues of improving technology in the application and implementation of haptic feedback technology to the operating surgeon on the console during RS. This review provides a summary of technological enhancements in RS, considering different stages of work, from proof of concept to cadaver tissue testing, surgery in animals, and finally real implementation in surgical practice. We identify that at the time of this review, while there is a unanimous agreement regarding need for haptic and tactile feedback, there are no solutions or products available that address this need. There is a scope and need for new developments in haptic augmentation for robot-mediated surgery with the aim of improving patient care and robotic surgical technology further.Peer reviewe
PinMe: Tracking a Smartphone User around the World
With the pervasive use of smartphones that sense, collect, and process
valuable information about the environment, ensuring location privacy has
become one of the most important concerns in the modern age. A few recent
research studies discuss the feasibility of processing data gathered by a
smartphone to locate the phone's owner, even when the user does not intend to
share his location information, e.g., when the Global Positioning System (GPS)
is off. Previous research efforts rely on at least one of the two following
fundamental requirements, which significantly limit the ability of the
adversary: (i) the attacker must accurately know either the user's initial
location or the set of routes through which the user travels and/or (ii) the
attacker must measure a set of features, e.g., the device's acceleration, for
potential routes in advance and construct a training dataset. In this paper, we
demonstrate that neither of the above-mentioned requirements is essential for
compromising the user's location privacy. We describe PinMe, a novel
user-location mechanism that exploits non-sensory/sensory data stored on the
smartphone, e.g., the environment's air pressure, along with publicly-available
auxiliary information, e.g., elevation maps, to estimate the user's location
when all location services, e.g., GPS, are turned off.Comment: This is the preprint version: the paper has been published in IEEE
Trans. Multi-Scale Computing Systems, DOI: 0.1109/TMSCS.2017.275146
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 349)
This bibliography lists 149 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during April, 1991. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance
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