19,413 research outputs found
Consensus-based approach to peer-to-peer electricity markets with product differentiation
With the sustained deployment of distributed generation capacities and the
more proactive role of consumers, power systems and their operation are
drifting away from a conventional top-down hierarchical structure. Electricity
market structures, however, have not yet embraced that evolution. Respecting
the high-dimensional, distributed and dynamic nature of modern power systems
would translate to designing peer-to-peer markets or, at least, to using such
an underlying decentralized structure to enable a bottom-up approach to future
electricity markets. A peer-to-peer market structure based on a Multi-Bilateral
Economic Dispatch (MBED) formulation is introduced, allowing for
multi-bilateral trading with product differentiation, for instance based on
consumer preferences. A Relaxed Consensus+Innovation (RCI) approach is
described to solve the MBED in fully decentralized manner. A set of realistic
case studies and their analysis allow us showing that such peer-to-peer market
structures can effectively yield market outcomes that are different from
centralized market structures and optimal in terms of respecting consumers
preferences while maximizing social welfare. Additionally, the RCI solving
approach allows for a fully decentralized market clearing which converges with
a negligible optimality gap, with a limited amount of information being shared.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Power System
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A review of microgrid development in the United States – A decade of progress on policies, demonstrations, controls, and software tools
Microgrids have become increasingly popular in the United States. Supported by favorable federal and local policies, microgrid projects can provide greater energy stability and resilience within a project site or community. This paper reviews major federal, state, and utility-level policies driving microgrid development in the United States. Representative U.S. demonstration projects are selected and their technical characteristics and non-technical features are introduced. The paper discusses trends in the technology development of microgrid systems as well as microgrid control methods and interactions within the electricity market. Software tools for microgrid design, planning, and performance analysis are illustrated with each tool's core capability. Finally, the paper summarizes the successes and lessons learned during the recent expansion of the U.S. microgrid industry that may serve as a reference for other countries developing their own microgrid industries
Self-Healing Protocols for Connectivity Maintenance in Unstructured Overlays
In this paper, we discuss on the use of self-organizing protocols to improve
the reliability of dynamic Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlay networks. Two similar
approaches are studied, which are based on local knowledge of the nodes' 2nd
neighborhood. The first scheme is a simple protocol requiring interactions
among nodes and their direct neighbors. The second scheme adds a check on the
Edge Clustering Coefficient (ECC), a local measure that allows determining
edges connecting different clusters in the network. The performed simulation
assessment evaluates these protocols over uniform networks, clustered networks
and scale-free networks. Different failure modes are considered. Results
demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal.Comment: The paper has been accepted to the journal Peer-to-Peer Networking
and Applications. The final publication is available at Springer via
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12083-015-0384-
Review of trends and targets of complex systems for power system optimization
Optimization systems (OSs) allow operators of electrical power systems (PS) to optimally operate PSs and to also create optimal PS development plans. The inclusion of OSs in the PS is a big trend nowadays, and the demand for PS optimization tools and PS-OSs experts is growing. The aim of this review is to define the current dynamics and trends in PS optimization research and to present several papers that clearly and comprehensively describe PS OSs with characteristics corresponding to the identified current main trends in this research area. The current dynamics and trends of the research area were defined on the basis of the results of an analysis of the database of 255 PS-OS-presenting papers published from December 2015 to July 2019. Eleven main characteristics of the current PS OSs were identified. The results of the statistical analyses give four characteristics of PS OSs which are currently the most frequently presented in research papers: OSs for minimizing the price of electricity/OSs reducing PS operation costs, OSs for optimizing the operation of renewable energy sources, OSs for regulating the power consumption during the optimization process, and OSs for regulating the energy storage systems operation during the optimization process. Finally, individual identified characteristics of the current PS OSs are briefly described. In the analysis, all PS OSs presented in the observed time period were analyzed regardless of the part of the PS for which the operation was optimized by the PS OS, the voltage level of the optimized PS part, or the optimization goal of the PS OS.Web of Science135art. no. 107
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