Translation Studies from the Perspective of Corpus Translation Studies and Digital Humanities

As a translation research method and paradigm, corpus translation studies have gradually gained attention from the translation community since their introduction to China in the 1970s. With the rapid development of information technology and artificial intelligence, corpus translation studies have continuously made new progress. With the support of digital humanities technologies such as Big data, artificial intelligence and cloud computing, the development of corpus translatology presents new features and trends. This article explores the application of corpus translation studies in translation studies from both theoretical and practical perspectives. At the theoretical level, this article believes that corpus translation studies have significant implications for the paradigm shift, theoretical innovation, and disciplinary development of translation studies. At the practical level, this article points out that corpus translation studies have strong data support, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of translation research. Based on this, this article proposes that future translation research should focus on data-driven research paradigms, attach importance to the important role of data in translation, and build a theoretical model of translation studies on this basis, in order to provide theoretical guidance for comprehensively improving the quality of translation research

Evaluation of the effect of ND:YVO4 laser parameters on internal micro-channel fabrication in polycarbonate

This paper presents the development of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models for the prediction of laser machined internal micro-channels’ dimensions and production costs. In this work, a pulsed Nd:YVO4 laser was used for machining micro-channels in polycarbonate material. Six ANN multi-layered, feed-forward, back-propagation models are presented which were developed on three different training data sets. The analysed data was obtained from a 33 factorial design of experiments (DoE). The controlled parameters were laser power, P; pulse repetition frequency, PRF; and sample translation speed; U. Measured responses were the micro-channel width and the micro-machining operating cost per metre of produced microchannel. The responses were sufficiently predicted within the set micro-machining parameters limits. Three carefully selected statistical criteria were used for comparing the performance of the ANN predictive models. The comparison showed that model which had the largest amount of training data provided the highest degree of predictability. However, in cases where only a limited amount of ANN training data was available, then training data taken from a Face Centred Cubic (FCC) model design provided the highest level of predictability compared with the other examined training data set

Future Translator Training Based on an Integrated Approach

The aim of this research is to identify the efficiency of an integrated approach for the provision of high-quality professional training for future translators. The analysis uses a model that involves a case study based on integrated activity and competence-based approaches. It was tested on the translation of scientific and technical literature, which is a subject that is included in the educational and vocational program for training students majoring in philology and translation. To analyze data obtained during the pedagogical experiment, and to consider the dynamics of changes in the levels of bilingual, extralinguistic, interpretive, and personality development sub-competences (components of translation competence of students), we used STATA software and online resources for calculating independent t-test samples. The conducted research proved the efficiency of the experimental model involving the case study based on integrated activity and competence-based approaches to form and develop the translation competence of future translators. We found that the experimental model applied in the process of professional translator training had the most significant impact on the formation and development of extralinguistic sub-competence, interpreting sub-competence (which includes knowledge of general principles of translation, knowledge of means of automated translation and electronic dictionaries, skills and abilities of their use in practice), and bilingual sub-competency. The study proved that the model contributed to students’ educational motivation and learning of moral and ethical rules that apply to life and work

The Role of Regulated mRNA Stability in Establishing Bicoid Morphogen Gradient in Drosophila Embryonic Development

The Bicoid morphogen is amongst the earliest triggers of differential spatial pattern of gene expression and subsequent cell fate determination in the embryonic development of Drosophila. This maternally deposited morphogen is thought to diffuse in the embryo, establishing a concentration gradient which is sensed by downstream genes. In most model based analyses of this process, the translation of the bicoid mRNA is thought to take place at a fixed rate from the anterior pole of the embryo and a supply of the resulting protein at a constant rate is assumed. Is this process of morphogen generation a passive one as assumed in the modelling literature so far, or would available data support an alternate hypothesis that the stability of the mRNA is regulated by active processes? We introduce a model in which the stability of the maternal mRNA is regulated by being held constant for a length of time, followed by rapid degradation. With this more realistic model of the source, we have analysed three computational models of spatial morphogen propagation along the anterior-posterior axis: (a) passive diffusion modelled as a deterministic differential equation, (b) diffusion enhanced by a cytoplasmic flow term; and (c) diffusion modelled by stochastic simulation of the corresponding chemical reactions. Parameter estimation on these models by matching to publicly available data on spatio-temporal Bicoid profiles suggests strong support for regulated stability over either a constant supply rate or one where the maternal mRNA is permitted to degrade in a passive manner