A survey on subjecting electronic product code and non-ID objects to IP identification

Over the last decade, both research on the Internet of Things (IoT) and real-world IoT applications have grown exponentially. The IoT provides us with smarter cities, intelligent homes, and generally more comfortable lives. However, the introduction of these devices has led to several new challenges that must be addressed. One of the critical challenges facing interacting with IoT devices is to address billions of devices (things) around the world, including computers, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices, sensors, and embedded computers, and so on. This article provides a survey on subjecting Electronic Product Code and non-ID objects to IP identification for IoT devices, including their advantages and disadvantages thereof. Different metrics are here proposed and used for evaluating these methods. In particular, the main methods are evaluated in terms of their: (i) computational overhead, (ii) scalability, (iii) adaptability, (iv) implementation cost, and (v) whether applicable to already ID-based objects and presented in tabular format. Finally, the article proves that this field of research will still be ongoing, but any new technique must favorably offer the mentioned five evaluative parameters.Comment: 112 references, 8 figures, 6 tables, Journal of Engineering Reports, Wiley, 2020 (Open Access

RFID in the Cloud: A Service for High-Speed Data Access in Distributed Value Chains

Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is emerging as an important technology for exchanging information about physical objects along distributed value chains. The influential standardization organization EPCglobal has released standards for RFID-based data exchange that follow the data-on-network paradigm. Here, the business-relevant object data is provided by network services, whereas RFID tags are only used to carry a reference number for data retrieval via the Internet. However, as we show in this paper, this paradigm can result in long response times for data access. We present experiments that explore what factors impact the response times and identify obstacles in current architectures. Based on these analyses, we designed a cloud-based service that realizes high-speed data access for data-on-network solutions. We further present simulation experiments analyzing the benefits of our cloud-based concept with regards to fast RFID-data access and reduced infrastructure cost through scale effects

Ensuring the visibility and traceability of items through logistics chain of automotive industry based on AutoEPCNet Usage

Traceability in logistics is the capability of the participants to trace the products throughout the supply chain by means of either the product and/or container identifiers in a forward and/or backward direction. In today's competitive economic environment, traceability is a key concept related to all products and all types of supply chains. The goal of this paper is to describe development of application that enables to create and share information about the physical movement and status of products as they travel throughout the supply chain. The main purpose of this paper is to describe the development of RFID based track and trace system for ensuring the visibility and traceability of items in logistics chain especially in automotive industry. The proposed solution is based on EPCglobal Network Architecture

Valuation of online social networks - An economic model and its application using the case of Xing.com

Ubiquitous information technologies like RFID allow for immediate, extensive and fine-grained capture of real world information. Scalable and efficient networks for exchange of this vast amount of information amongst companies are crucial for the economic exploitation of benefits of ubiquitous information technologies. Existing networks bear several limitations like risks of single-point-offailures or bottlenecks, unequally distributed power and burdens as well as inflexibility through stringent structures and formats. In particular there is a need for improving the scalability of solutions and ensuring autonomy of network participants. In this paper we introduce a Peer-to-Peer-based architecture for exchanging distributed information, which are shared among participants of a supply chain facilitated with ubiquitous information technologies. This architecture builds on the wellestablished EPCglobal standards, but can be implemented as an autonomous network. Unlike other architectures it does not need central coordination mechanisms, because it is based on self-organizing Peer-to-Peer protocols. We argue that our architecture supports business processes especially of small and medium-sized enterprises better than other architectures. We provide a discussion about requirements for solutions and a simulation-based analysis of the proposed architecture

A comparative approach to the implementation of drug pedigree discovery systems

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).As the use of RFID technology penetrates and reforms the supply-chain industry, standards are being produced at all levels of the RFID technology spectrum, ranging from hardware to software. The Electronic Product Code (EPC) standard uniquely identifies RFID-tagged products. An application that supports the usage of EPCs is an Electronic Drug Pedigree (E-Pedigree), which is a historical record that indicates the chain of custody of a particular drug product being passed from one supply-chain partner to another. In order to fully implement track-and-trace of pharmaceutical products, software systems need to be built so that pedigree documents can be effectively stored and searched. In this Thesis, two approaches that address the issue of pedigree document discovery are presented-one centralized, one decentralized. The centralized pedigree discovery service extracts metadata from pedigree documents submitted to a centralized server and uses them in a search engine, such as Google Base, to located desired documents that match client queries. The decentralized service allows pedigree documents to be stored locally by individual business owners. Each local server is attached to a Discovery Service Unit containing metadata of local pedigree documents, and these units communicate with each other to form a network. Both approaches are implemented as Web Services.by Indy Yu.M.Eng

Inter-organizational Integration of Smart Objects: White Spots in the Solution Landscape

The vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) has sparked considerable efforts in research and development over the past decade.Much of these efforts were driven by applications of RFID technology for monitoring the flow of goods and prominent earlyadopters such as Wal-Mart and Metro Group. Also, the global standards organization GS1 provided a number of wellrecognized specifications that are tailored to monitor objects across organizations.Development of the IoT has certainly benefited from the strong demand for monitoring goods in business applications.However, the dominance of these application scenarios and corresponding standards comes at the risk of neglectingrequirements from other domains. In this paper, we review the focus of existing works. Our contribution is twofold. (1) Usinga systematic literature review, we analyze existing research contributions and identify underrepresented areas. (2) We discussselected approaches in detail and highlight open issues in the covered functionality. The aim of our work is to raise awarenessfor open potentials in the IoT service domain and to direct future research and developments