Special oils for halal and safe cosmetics

Three types of non conventional oils were extracted, analyzed and tested for toxicity. Date palm kernel oil (DPKO), mango kernel oil (MKO) and Ramputan seed oil (RSO). Oil content for tow cultivars of dates Deglect Noor and Moshkan was 9.67% and 7.30%, respectively. The three varieties of mango were found to contain about 10% oil in average. The red yellow types of Ramputan were found to have 11 and 14% oil, respectively. The phenolic compounds in DPKO, MKO and RSO were 0.98, 0.88 and 0.78 mg/ml Gallic acid equivalent, respectively. Oils were analyzed for their fatty acid composition and they are rich in oleic acid C18:1 and showed the presence of (dodecanoic acid) lauric acid C12:0, which reported to appear some antimicrobial activities. All extracted oils, DPKO, MKO and RSO showed no toxic effect using prime shrimp bioassay. Since these oils are stable, melt at skin temperature, have good lubricity and are great source of essential fatty acids; they could be used as highly moisturizing, cleansing and nourishing oils because of high oleic acid content. They are ideal for use in such halal cosmetics such as Science, Engineering and Technology 75 skin care and massage, hair-care, soap and shampoo products

Volume 36, issue 5

The mission of CJS is to contribute to the effective continuing medical education of Canadian surgical specialists, using innovative techniques when feasible, and to provide surgeons with an effective vehicle for the dissemination of observations in the areas of clinical and basic science research. Visit the journal website at http://canjsurg.ca/ for more.https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cjs/1261/thumbnail.jp

Consequences of Adenovirus Vector Vaccination on T Cell Activation and SIV Susceptibility in Rhesus Macaques

The quest for an efficacious HIV vaccine has resulted in several clinical trial failures, including the Step Trial, which used a replication-incompetent adenovirus (AdV) vector called human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5). Despite eliciting strong cellular immune responses, these trials were prematurely halted due to statistical futility resulting from increased HIV acquisition in vaccinated individuals. The Step Study showed increased HIV susceptibility in HAdV-5 baseline seropositive subjects, which complicates the use of HAdV-5 vectors since pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (nAb) to HAdV-5 are prevalent worldwide. Sampling the unique immunological phenotypes of the rectal mucosa - the site of HIV infection in the Step Study, and of AdV persistence and trafficking - could help explain this trial, since only peripheral blood (PBMC) was collected from subjects. We obtained rectal lamina propria T lymphocytes (rLPL) from a rhesus macaque (RM) model vaccinated with a species-specific simian Ad type 7 (SAdV-7) or HAdV-5 vector. We hypothesized that AdV-based vector vaccination in macaques previously exposed to AdV would activate AdV-specific CD4+ memory T cells that are either already harbored in the gastrointestinal mucosa or traffic to this original site of infection. The increased percentage of activated target cells upon SIV exposure would create a favorable environment for increased SIV susceptibility. We show an increase in both AdV-specific and activated CD4+ memory T cells in the rLPL after AdV vector vaccination relative to baseline, without significant changes in PBMCs. This led us to a proof-of-concept study where we collected PBMCs and rLPL from 10 SAdV-7 vector vaccinated and 10 placebo vaccinated RMs at baseline and week 2 post-vaccination. We performed low-dose escalating intra-rectal challenges weekly with SIVmac251 until SIV acquisition or 16 weeks post-vaccination. If we demonstrated increased SIV infection in the vaccine group, this would show evidence of activation-induced SIV susceptibility. Although we did not see an alteration in CD4+ memory T cell activation, we saw a trend towards SIV acquisition in the SAdV-7 vector vaccinated group versus placebo. Future studies should be cautious with the use of AdV vectors for mucosally transmitted pathogens, even for rare AdV serotypes due to T cell cross-reactivity and CD4+ memory T cell activation-induced susceptibility within mucosal sites

Biotechnology to Combat COVID-19

This book provides an inclusive and comprehensive discussion of the transmission, science, biology, genome sequencing, diagnostics, and therapeutics of COVID-19. It also discusses public and government health measures and the roles of media as well as the impact of society on the ongoing efforts to combat the global pandemic. It addresses almost every topic that has been studied so far in the research on SARS-CoV-2 to gain insights into the fundamentals of the disease and mitigation strategies. This volume is a useful resource for virologists, epidemiologists, biologists, medical professionals, public health and government professionals, and all global citizens who have endured and battled against the pandemic

Research and Creative Activity, July 01, 2021-June 30, 2022: Major Sponsored Programs and Faculty Accomplishments in Research and Creative Activity, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Foreword by Bob Wilhelm, Vice Chancellor for Research and Economic Development: This booklet highlights successes in research, scholarship and creative activity by University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty during the fiscal year running July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2022. It lists investigators, project titles and funding sources on major grants and sponsored awards that were active during the year; fellowships and other recognitions and honors bestowed on our faculty; books, chapters and creative literature published by faculty; performances, exhibitions and other examples of creative activity; patents and licensing agreements; and conference presentations. In recognition of the important role faculty play in the undergraduate experience at Nebraska, this booklet notes the students and mentors participating in the Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experience (UCARE) and the First-Year Research Experience (FYRE) programs. Increasing impact through research and creative activity is one of the six core aims of the N2025 strategic plan. A few measurements of progress made this year: • UNL achieved a record $321 million in total research expenditures in FY 2021, a 31• Our faculty earned 1,560 sponsored research awards in FY 2021. N2025 aims also include contributing to economic growth throughout the state and broadening Nebraska’s engagement in community, industry and global partnerships. These are some measures of our efforts to commercialize university-sponsored research and partner with industry: • Nebraska Innovation Campus created 2,127 jobs statewide. The cumulative impact of NIC investments totals$328.9 million. • Industry sponsorship supported $19.8 million in research expenditures. • NUtech Ventures brought in$6.36 million in licensing income. I want to thank the Nebraska Research community for its willingness to collaborate, mentor and redefine success in research and creative activity. Your leadership is paving the way for future growth and providing an unparalleled educational experience. At Nebraska, it is the people who make the place. Because of your dedication and expertise, Nebraska is positioned to solve some of the world’s most wicked problems. I am impressed by your commitment to the Grand Challenges initiative, a strategic investment of up to $40 million over four years for projects in the high-impact areas of anti-racism and racial equity; climate resilience; early childhood education and development; health equity; quantum science and engineering; science and technology literacy for society; and sustainable food and water security. More than 180 faculty, staff and students are contributing to projects funded in Year 1. Another N2025 aim is to create a climate that emphasizes, prioritizes and expands inclusive excellence and diversity. In the Office of Research and Economic Development, we continue to seek ways to remove barriers to success and ensure all Nebraska researchers have the resources they need to thrive. Thank you for the feedback you’ve thoughtfully provided. I am pleased to present this record of accomplishments. Contents Awards of$5 Million or More Awards of $1 Million to$4,999,999 Awards of $250,000 to$999,999 Early Career Awards Arts and Humanities Awards of $250,000 or More Arts and Humanities Awards of$50,000 to $249,999 Arts and Humanities Awards of$5,000 to $49,999 Patents License Agreements National Science Foundation Innovation Corps Teams Creative Activity Books Recognitions and Honors Journal Articles Conference Presentations UCARE and FYRE Projects Glossar

Enriched mannose glycosylation contributes to Act d 2 allergenicity.

Allergens are responsible for the Th2 response in patients as part of complex mixtures of proteins, fatty acids and other molecules. Plant allergens have hitherto been included in several protein families that share no common biochemical features. Their physical, biochemical and immunological characteristics have been widely studied, but no definite conclusion has been reached about what makes a protein an allergen. N-glycosylation is characteristic of plant allergen sources but is not present in mammals

ATHENA Research Book

The ATHENA European University is an alliance of nine Higher Education Institutions with the mission of fostering excellence in research and innovation by facilitating international cooperation. The ATHENA acronym stands for Advanced Technologies in Higher Education Alliance. The partner institutions are from France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, and Slovenia: the University of Orléans, the University of Siegen, the Hellenic Mediterranean University, the Niccolò Cusano University, the Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, the Polytechnic Institute of Porto, and the University of Maribor. In 2022 institutions from Poland and Spain joined the alliance: the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University and the University of Vigo. This research book presents a selection of the ATHENA university partners' research activities. It incorporates peer-reviewed original articles, reprints and student contributions. The ATHENA Research Book provides a platform that promotes joint and interdisciplinary research projects of both advanced and early-career researchers