224,393 research outputs found
Making Space for Stories: Ambiguity in the Design of Personal Communication Systems
Pervasive personal communication technologies offer the potential for
important social benefits for individual users, but also the potential for
significant social difficulties and costs. In research on face-to-face social
interaction, ambiguity is often identified as an important resource for
resolving social difficulties. In this paper, we discuss two design cases of
personal communication systems, one based on fieldwork of a commercial system
and another based on an unrealized design concept. The cases illustrate how
user behavior concerning a particular social difficulty, unexplained
unresponsiveness, can be influenced by technological issues that result in
interactional ambiguity. The cases also highlight the need to balance the
utility of ambiguity against the utility of usability and communicative
clarity.Comment: 10 page
How Push-To-Talk Makes Talk Less Pushy
This paper presents an exploratory study of college-age students using
two-way, push-to-talk cellular radios. We describe the observed and reported
use of cellular radio by the participants. We discuss how the half-duplex,
lightweight cellular radio communication was associated with reduced
interactional commitment, which meant the cellular radios could be used for a
wide range of conversation styles. One such style, intermittent conversation,
is characterized by response delays. Intermittent conversation is surprising in
an audio medium, since it is typically associated with textual media such as
instant messaging. We present design implications of our findings.Comment: 10 page
First experiences with Personal Networks as an enabling platform for service providers
By developing demonstrators and performing small-scale user trials, we found various opportunities and pitfalls for deploying personal networks (PNs) on a commercial basis. The demonstrators were created using as many as possible legacy devices and proven technologies. They deal with applications in the health sector, home services, tourism, and the transportation sector. This paper describes the various architectures and our experiences with the end users and the technology. We conclude that context awareness, service discovery, and content management are very important in PNs and that a personal network provider role is necessary to realize these functions under the assumptions we made. The PNPay Travel demonstrator suggests that PN service platforms provide an opportunity to develop true trans-sector services
Mobility is the Message: Experiments with Mobile Media Sharing
This thesis explores new mobile media sharing applications by building, deploying, and studying their use. While we share media in many different ways both on the web and on mobile phones, there are few ways of sharing media with people physically near us. Studied were three designed and built systems: Push!Music, Columbus, and Portrait Catalog, as well as a fourth commercially available system â Foursquare. This thesis offers four contributions: First, it explores the design space of co-present media sharing of four test systems. Second, through user studies of these systems it reports on how these come to be used. Third, it explores new ways of conducting trials as the technical mobile landscape has changed. Last, we look at how the technical solutions demonstrate different lines of thinking from how similar solutions might look today.
Through a Human-Computer Interaction methodology of design, build, and study, we look at systems through the eyes of embodied interaction and examine how the systems come to be in use. Using Goffmanâs understanding of social order, we see how these mobile media sharing systems allow people to actively present themselves through these media. In turn, using McLuhanâs way of understanding media, we reflect on how these new systems enable a new type of medium distinct from the web centric media, and how this relates directly to mobility.
While media sharing is something that takes place everywhere in western society, it is still tied to the way media is shared through computers. Although often mobile, they do not consider the mobile settings. The systems in this thesis treat mobility as an opportunity for design. It is still left to see how this mobile media sharing will come to present itself in peopleâs everyday life, and when it does, how we will come to understand it and how it will transform society as a medium distinct from those before. This thesis gives a glimpse at what this future will look like
Every Cloud Has a Push Data Lining: Incorporating Cloud Services in a Context-Aware Application
We investigated context-awareness by utilising multiple sources of context in a mobile device setting. In our experiment we developed a system consisting of a mobile client, running on the Android platform, integrated with a cloud-based service. These components were integrated using pushmessaging technology.One of the key featureswas the automatic adaptation of smartphones in accordance with implicit user needs. The novelty of our approach consists in the use of multiple sources of context input to the system, which included the use of calendar data and web based user configuration tool, as well as that of an external, cloud-based, configuration file storing user interface preferences which, pushed at log-on time irrespective of access device, frees the user from having to manually configure its interface.The systemwas evaluated via two rounds of user evaluations (n = 50 users), the feedback of which was generally positive and demonstrated the viability of using cloud-based services to provide an enhanced context-aware user experience
Paper Prototyping a Social Mobile Service
Methods for design and evaluation of interactive applications are not readily applicable to mobile services. By modifying an existing paper prototyping method we evaluated a mobile social service for providing user-based tips in a shopping mall. The evaluation showed that tips can be pushed to users and that they can accept that a complex user interface is presented on a small screen. Although the evaluation took place in an office environment, we received feedback on functionality of the service in the context of the shopping mall. Our evaluation indicates that simple prototyping techniques can be used for informative evaluations of mobile services that are heavily context dependent
Teacher educators beliefs on EFL pre-service teachers willingness to communicate in the L2
Tesis (Profesor de InglĂ©s para la Enseñanza BĂĄsica y Media y al grado acadĂ©mico de Licenciado en EducaciĂłn)This qualitative study is set up on the perceptions that four English teachers, from a private university in Santiago, have regarding their beliefs on EFL pre-service teachersâ willingness to communicate. In order to discover their beliefs, semi-structured interviews and observations were carried out.
The motivation of this study is to contribute with information regarding willingness to communicate in the Chilean context, especially concerning higher education, also add to the reflection of teachers on their practices inside the classroom.
Based on that information, the aims of this study were the following. Firstly, to explore teacher educatorsâ beliefs about their influence in developing EFL pre-service teachersâ willingness to communicate. Secondly, to investigate teacher educatorsâ beliefs about the factors that influence EFL pre-service teachersâ willingness to communicate. Thirdly, to understand teacher educatorsâ beliefs about the practices that can best help EFL pre-service teachers to develop willingness to communicate. Lastly, to explore to what extent the beliefs of teacher educators are reflected in their classroom practices.
The main results showed that most of the beliefs that teachers mentioned to hold, matched with what they actually do in their lessons.Este estudio cualitativo se basa en las percepciones que tienen cuatro profesores de inglĂ©s de una universidad privada en Santiago con respecto a sus creencias sobre la disposiciĂłn de los estudiantes de la carrera de PedagogĂa en inglĂ©s para comunicarse en una segunda lengua. Para descubrir sus creencias, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones. La motivaciĂłn de este estudio es contribuir con informaciĂłn sobre la voluntad de comunicarse en el contexto chileno, especialmente en lo que respecta a la educaciĂłn superior, ademĂĄs de aumentar la reflexiĂłn de los profesores sobre sus prĂĄcticas dentro del aula. Con base en esa informaciĂłn, los objetivos de este estudio son los siguientes. Primero, explorar las creencias de los educadores de docentes acerca de su influencia en el desarrollo de la disposiciĂłn de los futuros profesores de inglĂ©s para comunicarse en una segunda lengua. En segundo lugar, investigar las creencias de los educadores de docentes sobre los factores que influyen en la disposiciĂłn de los futuros profesores de inglĂ©s a comunicarse. En tercer lugar, para comprender las creencias de los educadores de docentes sobre las prĂĄcticas que pueden ayudar mejor a los futuros profesores de inglĂ©s a desarrollar la voluntad de comunicarse. Por Ășltimo, explorar hasta quĂ© punto las creencias de los educadores de docentes se refleja en sus prĂĄcticas en el aula. Los principales resultados arrojan que la mayorĂa de las creencias que los maestros mencionaron que tienen a lo largo de las entrevistas, coinciden con lo que realmente hacen en sus clases
Research-based assessment affordances and constraints: Perceptions of physics faculty
To help faculty use research-based materials in a more significant way, we
learn about their perceived needs and desires and use this information to
suggest ways for the Physics Education Research community to address these
needs. When research-based resources are well aligned with the perceived needs
of faculty, faculty members will more readily take them up. We used
phenomenographic interviews of ordinary physics faculty and department chairs
to identify four families of issues that faculty have around research-based
assessments (RBA). First, many faculty are interested in using RBAs but have
practical needs around how to do so: how to find them, which ones there are,
and how to administer them. They want help addressing these needs. Second, at
the same time, many faculty think that RBAs are limited and don't measure many
of the things they care about, or aren't applicable in their classes. They want
assessments to measure skills, perceptions, and specific concepts. Third, many
faculty want to turn to communities of other faculty and experts to help them
interpret their assessment results and suggest other ways to do assessment.
They want to norm their assessment results by comparing to others and
interacting with faculty from other schools to learn about how they do
assessment. Fourth, many faculty consider their courses in the broader contexts
of accountability and their departments. They want help with assessment in
these broader contexts. We also discuss how faculty members role in their
department and type of institution influence their perceived wants and needs
around assessment.Comment: submitted to Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education
Researc
Increases in salience of ethnic identity at work: the roles of ethnic assignation and ethnic identification
To better understand how ethnicity is actually experienced within organisations, we examined reported increases in ethnic identity salience at work and responses to such increases. Thirty British black Caribbean graduate employees were interviewed about how and when they experienced their ethnic identity at work. The findings demonstrated that increased salience in ethnic identity was experienced in two key ways: through âethnic assignationâ (a âpushâ towards ethnic identity) and âethnic identificationâ (a âpullâ towards ethnic identity). We explore how and when ethnic assignation and ethnic identification occur at work, and their relevance to how workplaces are experienced by this group of minority ethnic employees. The findings suggest the need for further research attention to the dynamic and episodic nature of social identity, including ethnic identity, within organisations, and to the impact of such increases in salience of social identities on behaviour at work
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