A study on the behaviour of lift core in highrise / Asri Maspade

At the beginning, the evolution of radically new structural forms gave great stimulus to devising appropriate methods of analysis. In the early days, approximate techniques were being devised for specific; largely two dimensional, structural forms and the analysis of complex three dimensional systems represent a difficult challenge. With regard to horizontal loading, a building is essentially a vertical cantilever. So it can be calculated simplified as traditional method. But the manual method that applied is not accurate approximately for the very complex building. The computer software will assist to produce the faster result. The major part of this study thus concentrates the behaviour the lift core, one type of shear wall under various type of loading act to the building. A lot of outputs produce by the computer, but the main objective is to get the value based on the deflection, stresses and shear force. Real building structure is so complex that even an elaborate computational model will be a considerer able simplification, and the result from the analysis almost is approximate. With the aid of the graphical output result, we will more understand the behaviour and critical position on the lift core. This study also will create the virtual load as the input stage to recognize what happen to the life core if any possible matters like the extreme earthquake

A television/computer system for human locomotion analysis

The literature review, Chapter One , is in three parts. The first part concerns the development of locmotion analysis, placing particular emphasis on the methods of measurment used. The second part is a review of kinematic measurement systems in which the attributes and limitations of each method are fully discussed. The final part of the review describes other television/computer systems that have been used or developed for locomotion measurement and discusses the limitations of these systems. Chapter Two discusses methods of detecting the spatial position of body segments using a television camera and justifies the use of a passive marker system to indicate anatomical landmarks. A suitable material for markers and its response is described. Methods of identifying the signals produced by the markers in the camera video output are suggested, and the circuits for the marker detectors used are presented. The principles of operation of a television/computer interface designed to generate the spatial co-ordinates of markers are descrlbed in Chapter Three. A simple scheme to obtain these co-ordinates is first of all presented and the limitations of this method are shown and used to justify the development of a more complex digitaI system. A description is presented of the functional elements of this system, which generates the co-ordinates of markers detected in the video signals from up to six television cameras. The basic principles of television referred to in this chapter will be found in Appendix A1; similarly those aspects of the PDP 12 computer system which directly concern the interface are described in Appendix A2. Chapter Four presents the logic of the interface in the form of a description and a set of logic drawings. The nomenclature used to describe the logic is first of all discussed and then a detailed description with the aid of timing diagrams and tables is presented for each drawing. Computer programming of the interface is described in Chapter Five. The instruction set created to control the interface is listed, and two programming examples are provided to show how the instruction set may be used. A method of decoding the interface data, to relate the co-ordinates to the camera which generated them, is also presented. A summary of the computer software written and listed in Appendix A3 is given. Chapter Six describes how the system was tested in all aspects of its design and in its suitability for human locomotion measurerment. Errors and methods of calibrating the data are discussed. The co-ordinates generated by the interface for the trajectories of markers placed on a walking subject are presented and a means of identifying markers from co-ordinate data is described. Some modifications to the basic design are suggested to give improved performance. The performance of the system is summarised and comparisons are made with other methods. Clinical and other applications of the system are discussed and recommendations for future work are given.The literature review, Chapter One , is in three parts. The first part concerns the development of locmotion analysis, placing particular emphasis on the methods of measurment used. The second part is a review of kinematic measurement systems in which the attributes and limitations of each method are fully discussed. The final part of the review describes other television/computer systems that have been used or developed for locomotion measurement and discusses the limitations of these systems. Chapter Two discusses methods of detecting the spatial position of body segments using a television camera and justifies the use of a passive marker system to indicate anatomical landmarks. A suitable material for markers and its response is described. Methods of identifying the signals produced by the markers in the camera video output are suggested, and the circuits for the marker detectors used are presented. The principles of operation of a television/computer interface designed to generate the spatial co-ordinates of markers are descrlbed in Chapter Three. A simple scheme to obtain these co-ordinates is first of all presented and the limitations of this method are shown and used to justify the development of a more complex digitaI system. A description is presented of the functional elements of this system, which generates the co-ordinates of markers detected in the video signals from up to six television cameras. The basic principles of television referred to in this chapter will be found in Appendix A1; similarly those aspects of the PDP 12 computer system which directly concern the interface are described in Appendix A2. Chapter Four presents the logic of the interface in the form of a description and a set of logic drawings. The nomenclature used to describe the logic is first of all discussed and then a detailed description with the aid of timing diagrams and tables is presented for each drawing. Computer programming of the interface is described in Chapter Five. The instruction set created to control the interface is listed, and two programming examples are provided to show how the instruction set may be used. A method of decoding the interface data, to relate the co-ordinates to the camera which generated them, is also presented. A summary of the computer software written and listed in Appendix A3 is given. Chapter Six describes how the system was tested in all aspects of its design and in its suitability for human locomotion measurerment. Errors and methods of calibrating the data are discussed. The co-ordinates generated by the interface for the trajectories of markers placed on a walking subject are presented and a means of identifying markers from co-ordinate data is described. Some modifications to the basic design are suggested to give improved performance. The performance of the system is summarised and comparisons are made with other methods. Clinical and other applications of the system are discussed and recommendations for future work are given

Reading the Readers: Modelling Complex Humanities Processes to Build Cognitive Systems

The ink and stylus tablets discovered at the Roman Fort of Vindolanda are a unique resource for scholars of ancient history. However, the stylus tablets have proved particularly difficult to read. This paper describes the initial stages in the development of a computer system designed to aid historians in the reading of the stylus tablets. A detailed investigation was undertaken, using Knowledge Elicitation techniques borrowed from Artificial IntelliJOURce, Cognitive Psychology, and Computational Linguistics, to elicit the processes experts use whilst reading an ancient text. The resulting model was used as the basis of a computer architecture to construct a system which takes in images of the tablets and outputs plausible interpretations of the documents. It is demonstrated that using Knowledge Elicitation techniques can further the understanding of complex processes in the humanities, and that these techniques can provide an underlying structure for the basis of a computer system that replicates that process. As such it provides significant insight into how experts work in the humanities, whilst providing the means to develop tools to assist them in their complex task

Polyrhythmic Organization of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillators

Baier G, Hermann T, Müller M. Polyrhythmic Organization of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillators. In: School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences (Greenwich). Department of Information Systems and Multimedia, ed. IV' 05: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV'05). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society; 2005: 5-10.We study the rhythmic organization of coupled nonlinear oscillators. If oscillators with non-identical internal frequency are coupled, they generate a great variety of periodic and chaotic rhythmic patterns. Sonification of these patterns suggests their characterization in terms of polyrhythms: each oscillatory unit subdivides "measures" of equal or varying length differently. For the case of two coupled oscillators, the organization of these polyrhythms is exemplified as a function of the internal frequency ratio and the coupling strength. Some sonification strategies are presented which aid to detect complex rhythmic relationships between oscillators. The results may be of importance for the analysis of complex multivariate time series like human EEG