339 research outputs found
A Patient-Specific Infrared Imaging Technique for Adjunctive Breast Cancer Screening: A Clinical and Simulation - Based Approach
Breast cancer is currently the most prevalent form of cancer in women with over 266,000 new diagnoses every year. The various methods used for breast cancer screening range in accuracy and cost, however there is no easily reproducible, reliable, low-cost screening method currently available for detecting cancer in breasts, especially with dense tissue. Steady-state Infrared Imaging (IRI) is unaffected by tissue density and has the potential to detect tumors in the breast by measuring and capturing the thermal profile on the breast surface induced by increased blood perfusion and metabolic activity in a rapidly growing malignant tumor. The current work presents a better understanding of IRI as an accurate breast cancer detection modality. A detailed study utilizing IRI-MRI approach with clinical design and validation of an elaborate IRI-Mammo study are presented by considering patient population, clinical study design, image interpretation, and recommended future path. Clinical IRI images are obtained in this study and an ANSYS-based modeling process developed earlier at RIT is used to localize and detect tumor in seven patients without subjective human interpretation. Further, the unique thermal characteristics of tumors that make their signatures distinct from benign conditions are identified.
This work is part of an ongoing multidisciplinary collaboration between a team of thermal engineers and numerical modelers at the Rochester Institute of Technology and a team of clinicians at the Rochester General Hospital. The following components were developed to ensure valid experimentation while considering ethical considerations: IRB documentation, patient protocols, an image acquisition system (camera setup and screening table), and the necessary tools needed for image analysis without human interpretation. IRI images in the prone position were obtained and were used in accurately detecting the presence of a cancerous tumor in seven subjects. The size and location of tumor was also confirmed within 7 mm as compared to biopsy-proven pathology information. The study indicates that the IRI-Mammo approach has potential to be a highly effective adjunctive screening tool that can improve the breast cancer detection rates especially for subjects with dense breast tissue. This method is low cost, no-touch, radiation-free and highly portable, making it an attractive candidate as a breast cancer detection modality. Further, the developed method provided insight into infrared features corresponding to other biological images, pathology reports and patient history
Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Application of Machine Learning Classifiers in Biomedical Applications of Infrared Thermography
Atypical body temperature values can be an indication of abnormal physiological processes
associated with several health conditions. Infrared thermal (IRT) imaging is an innocuous imaging
modality capable of capturing the natural thermal radiation emitted by the skin surface, which is
connected to physiology-related pathological states. The implementation of artificial intelligence
(AI) methods for interpretation of thermal data can be an interesting solution to supply a second
opinion to physicians in a diagnostic/therapeutic assessment scenario. The aim of this work was to
perform a systematic review and meta-analysis concerning different biomedical thermal applications
in conjunction with machine learning strategies. The bibliographic search yielded 68 records for a
qualitative synthesis and 34 for quantitative analysis. The results show potential for the implementation
of IRT imaging with AI, but more work is needed to retrieve significant features and improve
classification metrics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Quantitative analysis of breast cancer diagnosis using a probabilistic modelling approach
Background:Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women in most countries of the world. Many computer aided diagnostic methods have been proposed, but there are few studies on quantitative discovery of probabilistic dependencies among breast cancer data features and identification of the contribution of each feature to breast cancer diagnosis.
Methods:This study aims to fill this void by utilizing a Bayesian network (BN) modelling approach. A K2 learning algorithm and statistical computation methods are used to construct BN structure and assess the obtained BN model. The data used in this study were collected from a clinical ultrasound dataset derived from a Chinese local hospital and a fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) dataset from UCI machine learning repository.
Results: Our study suggested that, in terms of ultrasound data, cell shape is the most significant feature for breast cancer diagnosis, and the resistance index presents a strong probabilistic dependency on blood signals. With respect to FNAC data, bare nuclei are the most important discriminating feature of malignant and benign breast tumours, and uniformity of both cell size and cell shape are tightly interdependent.
Contributions: The BN modelling approach can support clinicians in making diagnostic decisions based on the significant features identified by the model, especially when some other features are missing for specific patients.
The approach is also applicable to other healthcare data analytics and data modelling for disease diagnosis
A Patient-Specific Approach for Breast Cancer Detection and Tumor Localization Using Infrared Imaging
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women in the United States; approximately one out of every 24 women die of related causes. BC screening is a critical factor for improving patient prognosis and survival rate. Infrared (IR) thermography is an accurate, inexpensive and operator independent modality that is not affected by tissue density as it captures surface temperature variations induced by the presence of tumors. A novel patient-specific approach for IR imaging and simulation is proposed. In this work, multi-view IR images of isolated breasts are obtained in the prone position (face down), which allows access to the entire breast surface because the breasts hang freely. The challenge of accurately determining size and location of tumors within the breasts is addressed through numerical simulations of a patient-specific digital breast model. The digital breast models for individual patients are created from clinical images of the breast, such as IR imaging, digital photographs or magnetic resonance images. The numerical simulations of the digital breast model are conducted using ANSYS Fluent, where computed temperature images are generated in the same corresponding views as clinical IRI images. The computed and clinical IRI images are aligned and compared to measure their match. The determination of tumor size and location was conducted through the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, which iteratively minimized the mean squared error. The methodology was tested on the breasts of seven patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer with tumor diameters ranging from 8 mm to 27 mm. The method successfully predicted the equivalent tumor diameter within 2 mm and the location was predicted within 6.3 mm in all cases. The time required for the estimation is 48 minutes using a 10-core, 3.41 GHz workstation. The method presented is accurate, fast and has potential to be used as an adjunct modality to mammography in BC screening, especially for dense breasts
Breast cancer detection using infrared thermal imaging and a deep learning model
Women’s breasts are susceptible to developing cancer; this is supported by a recent study from 2016 showing that 2.8 million women worldwide had already been diagnosed with breast cancer that year. The medical care of a patient with breast cancer is costly and, given the cost and value of the preservation of the health of the citizen, the prevention of breast cancer has become a priority in public health. Over the past 20 years several techniques have been proposed for this purpose, such as mammography, which is frequently used for breast cancer diagnosis. However, false positives of mammography can occur in which the patient is diagnosed positive by another technique. Additionally, the potential side effects of using mammography may encourage patients and physicians to look for other diagnostic techniques. Our review of the literature first explored infrared digital imaging, which assumes that a basic thermal comparison between a healthy breast and a breast with cancer always shows an increase in thermal activity in the precancerous tissues and the areas surrounding developing breast cancer. Furthermore, through our research, we realized that a Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) undertaken through infrared image processing could not be achieved without a model such as the well-known hemispheric model. The novel contribution of this paper is the production of a comparative study of several breast cancer detection techniques using powerful computer vision techniques and deep learning models
A review of the state of the art in non-contact sensing for covid-19
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in a global pandemic recently. With no approved vaccination or treatment, governments around the world have issued guidance to their citizens to remain at home in efforts to control the spread of the disease. The goal of controlling the spread of the virus is to prevent strain on hospitals. In this paper, we focus on how non-invasive methods are being used to detect COVID-19 and assist healthcare workers in caring for COVID-19 patients. Early detection of COVID-19 can allow for early isolation to prevent further spread. This study outlines the advantages and disadvantages and a breakdown of the methods applied in the current state-of-the-art approaches. In addition, the paper highlights some future research directions, which need to be explored further to produce innovative technologies to control this pandemic
Detection of Breast Cancer Using Infrared Thermal Images for Improved Accuracy by Using Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron
At the present time, breast cancer is one of the most often diagnosed forms of cancer in females. Mammography is the most common form of screening imaging used to identify breast cancer in its earlier stages. Nevertheless, thermal infrared pictures (thermography) can be utilized to detect lesions in dense breasts. In this study, the typical areas reflect warmer temperatures than malignant areas. In this study, we offer a unique approach for modeling the temperature variations in normal and abnormal breasts by combining the Random forest and Multilayer perceptron techniques. The project aims to study the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the infrared breast cancer images using infrared thermal images using random forest and multilayer perceptron algorithms and comparing the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Materials and Methods: The information for this study was s gained from thermal images from Visual labs DMR-IR. The samples were considered as (N=60) for Random Forest and (N= 60) for MultiLayer Perceptron. Novel Matlab software is used to calculate accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Results: The result demonstrates the accuracy of the thermal breast images using SPSS software. A statistically insignificant difference exists, with Random Forest accuracy (92.5%) with specificity (90%) and with sensitivity (95%) and demonstrated a better outcome in comparison with Multilayer Perceptron accuracy (90%), specificity (91.6%) and sensitivity (88.3%). Conclusion: Random Forest gives better accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity than Multilayer Perceptron to detect breast cancer
COVID-19 Suspects Monitoring System Based on Symptom recognition using Deep Neural Network
The outbreak of the Corona virus or COVID-19 was still a global concern even though it has been declared an endemic in several countries in the world, including Indonesia. However, with the emergence of new variants of this virus, preventive efforts continue to be made to prevent its spread. To prevent the spread of this virus, early detection was important, especially in knowing prospective clients who are positive and reactive to this virus, thus enabling early isolation measures for prospective patients who are taking action. This identification can be carried out in public areas that are the center of community activities. In this study, an intelligent system will be developed that can detect people suspected of COVID-19 through fever and breathing problem symptoms that can provide solutions to prevent the spread of this virus. Identify these symptoms through thermography-based image processing sourced from thermal camera sensors and then look for the possibility of suspected and reactive COVID19. Furthermore, the AI model was used by the early detection system of people suspected of being positive and reactive for COVID-19 using the Deep Neural Network method. This study aims to identify symptoms of fever and respiratory infection through image processing sourced from thermal camera sensors and further diagnose prospective patients who are suspected of being positive and reactive for COVID19 using the CNN method as an intelligent system for early detection of suspected positive and reactive COVID19 patientsIn the process of testing the classification training model, the performance results in the CNN classification process have an accuracy value of more than 88%. Furthermore, a comparison was made between the CNN classification and other classifications, such as SVM, Naive Bayes and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). The results obtained from this comparison have an average percentage of accuracy above 80%. MLP has the lowest accuracy among its classification methods of 83.56%. CNN has the highest accuracy value compared to other methods of 88.68%. Therefore, CNN can be chosen to be the right one for use in the COVID-19 suspect detection system through the recognition of symptoms and respiratory disorders. Based on these performance measurements, the process of detecting COVID19 suspects indicated by health symptoms can be applied to real data
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