On the energy efficiency-spectral efficiency trade-off of distributed MIMO systems

In this paper, the trade-off between energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) is analyzed for both the uplink and downlink of the distributed multiple-input multiple-output (DMIMO) system over the Rayleigh fading channel while considering different types of power consumption models (PCMs). A novel tight closed-form approximation of the DMIMO EE-SE trade-off is presented and a detailed analysis is provided for the scenario with practical antenna configurations. Furthermore, generic and accurate low and high-SE approximations of this trade-off are derived for any number of radio access units (RAUs) in both the uplink and downlink channels. Our expressions have been utilized for assessing both the EE gain of DMIMO over co-located MIMO (CMIMO) and the incremental EE gain of DMIMO in the downlink channel. Our results reveal that DMIMO is more energy efficient than CMIMO for cell edge users in both the idealistic and realistic PCMs; whereas in terms of the incremental EE gain, connecting the user terminal to only one RAU is the most energy efficient approach when a realistic PCM is considered

Comparative Analysis of Procedures and Solutions to Improve Energy Efficiency of Massive MIMO

The blustery growth of high data rate applications leadsto more energy consumption in wireless networks to satisfy servicequality.Therefore, energy-efficient communications have been paidmore attention to limited energy resources and environmentallyfriendly transmission functioning. Countless publications arepresent in this domain which focuses on intensifying networkenergy efficiency for uplink-downlink transmission.It is done eitherby using linear precoding schemes, by amending the number ofantennas per BS, by power control problem formulation, antennaselection schemes, level of hardware impairments, and byconsidering cell-free (CF) Massive-MIMO.After reviewing thesetechniques, still there are many barriers to implement thempractically. The strategies mentioned in this review show theperformance of EE under the schemes as raised above. The chiefcontribution of this work is the comparative study of how MassiveMIMO EE performs under the background of different methodsand architectures and the solutions to few problem formulationsthat affect the EE of network systems. This study will help choosethe best criteria to improve EE of Massive MIMO whileformulating a newer edition of testing stand-ards.This surveyprovides the base for interested readers in energy efficient MassiveMIMO