A Case for Time Slotted Channel Hopping for ICN in the IoT

Recent proposals to simplify the operation of the IoT include the use of Information Centric Networking (ICN) paradigms. While this is promising, several challenges remain. In this paper, our core contributions (a) leverage ICN communication patterns to dynamically optimize the use of TSCH (Time Slotted Channel Hopping), a wireless link layer technology increasingly popular in the IoT, and (b) make IoT-style routing adaptive to names, resources, and traffic patterns throughout the network--both without cross-layering. Through a series of experiments on the FIT IoT-LAB interconnecting typical IoT hardware, we find that our approach is fully robust against wireless interference, and almost halves the energy consumed for transmission when compared to CSMA. Most importantly, our adaptive scheduling prevents the time-slotted MAC layer from sacrificing throughput and delay

A critical analysis of research potential, challenges and future directives in industrial wireless sensor networks

In recent years, Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, self-healing, easy deployment and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. The paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. The paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs

Novel Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Performance Evaluation using Diverse Packet Size for Agriculture Application

As the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) progress with newer and more advanced technologies, so do the demands for them in a growing number of applications. Precision agricultural environment monitoring is one of the most prominent applications that require feasible wireless support systems, particularly in the protection and condition control of the crops. This paper focuses on the grid nodes arrangement of WSN, considering the wide dissemination of the plantation areas in the agriculture industry. Due to the different types of sensors used and their data size, the study on the impact of the varied packet size on the performance of the small and large network has been carried out using AODV and OLSR routing protocols. No significant differences in terms of performance can be seen as the packet size is varied. However, compared to the small network, more performance issues have occured in the large network, such as more packet loss, higher throughput degradation, higher energy consumption, worse unfairness, and more overhead production. The OEG routing protocol has been proposed to enhance the network performance by reducing the strain due to the saturated traffic. When solely compared to AODV, OEG routing protocol is able to enhance the network performance with at most 27% more packet delivery ratio, 31kbps more throughput, and 0.991J lesser energy consumed in the network

Networked control system with MANET communication and AODV routing

The industries are presently exploring the use of wired and wireless systems for control, automation, and monitoring. The primary benefit of wireless technology is that it reduces the installation cost, in both money and labor terms, as companies already have a significant investment in wiring. The research article presents the work on the analysis of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) in a wireless real-time communication medium for a Networked Control System (NCS), and determining whether the simulated behavior is significant for a plant or not. The behavior of the MANET is analyzed for Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing (AODV) that maintenances communication among 150 nodes for NCS. The simulation is carried out in Network Simulator (NS2) software with different nodes cluster to estimate the network throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and control overhead. The benefit of MANET is that it has a fixed topology, which permits flexibility since mobile devices may be used to construct ad-hoc networks anywhere, scalability because more nodes can be added to the network, and minimal operating expenses in that no original infrastructure needs to be developed. AODV routing is a flat routing system that does not require central routing nodes. As the network grows in size, the network can be scaled to meet the network design and configuration requirements. AODV is flexible to support different configurations and topological nodes in dynamic networks because of its versatility. The advantage of such network simulation and routing behavior provides the future direction for the researchers who are working towards the embedded hardware solutions for NCS, as the hardware complexity depends on the delay, throughput, and PDR

Energy Efficient Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have commanded many new protocols specifically designed for sensor networks where energy awareness is an important concern. This routing protocols might differ from depending on the application and the network architecture. To extend the lifetime of Wireless sensor network (WSN), an energy efficient scheme can be designed and developed via an algorithm to provide reasonable energy consumption and network for WSN. To maintain high scalability and better data aggregation, sensor nodes are often grouped into disjoint, non-overlapping subsets called clusters. Clusters create hierarchical WSNs which incorporate efficient utilization of limited resources of sensor nodes to reduce energy consumption, thus extend the lifetime of WSN. The objective of this paper is to present a state of the art survey and classification of energy efficient schemes for WSNs. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network, clustering, energy efficient clustering, network lifetime, energy efficient algorithms, energy efficient routing, and sensor networks. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15024

Delay Mitigation Using Link State Dynamic Routing Protocol Techniques

Wireless network is a new standard specifically designed for real-time and reliable communication between sensors and sink devices for industrial process monitoring and control applications. End-to-end communication delay analysis for Wireless networks is required to determine the schedulability of real-time data flows from sensors to sink for the purpose of acceptance test or workload adjustment in response to network dynamics. In this paper, a network model is considered that is based on Wireless, and maps the scheduling of real-time periodic data flows in the network to real-time multiprocessor scheduling. We then exploit the response time analysis for multiprocessor scheduling and propose a novel method for the delay analysis that establishes an upper bound of the end-to-end communication delay of each real-time flow in the network. Simulation studies based on both random topologies and real network topologies of a node physical wireless sensor network test demonstrate that our analysis provides safe and reasonably tight upper bounds of the end-to-end delays of real-time flows, and hence enables effective schedulability tests for Wireless networks