1,103 research outputs found
Introduction to Drone Detection Radar with Emphasis on Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) technology
This paper discusses the challenges of detecting and categorizing small
drones with radar automatic target recognition (ATR) technology. The authors
suggest integrating ATR capabilities into drone detection radar systems to
improve performance and manage emerging threats. The study focuses primarily on
drones in Group 1 and 2. The paper highlights the need to consider kinetic
features and signal signatures, such as micro-Doppler, in ATR techniques to
efficiently recognize small drones. The authors also present a comprehensive
drone detection radar system design that balances detection and tracking
requirements, incorporating parameter adjustment based on scattering region
theory. They offer an example of a performance improvement achieved using
feedback and situational awareness mechanisms with the integrated ATR
capabilities. Furthermore, the paper examines challenges related to one-way
attack drones and explores the potential of cognitive radar as a solution. The
integration of ATR capabilities transforms a 3D radar system into a 4D radar
system, resulting in improved drone detection performance. These advancements
are useful in military, civilian, and commercial applications, and ongoing
research and development efforts are essential to keep radar systems effective
and ready to detect, track, and respond to emerging threats.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, submitted to a journal and being under revie
Mobile Radio Channel Measurements for air-to-ground and non-conventional future applications
La tesi si suddivide in quattro parti: due iniziali di tipo compilativo e le altre due sperimentali. Nella prima parte vengono descritti gli UAVs: classificazioni e applicazioni da un punto di vista delle telecomunicazioni e della sicurezza; una seconda parte sempre compilativa, espone invece una panoramica sulle caratteristiche del canale Air-to-Ground e la possibilità di modelling attraverso diversi scenari. La terza parte rappresenta il corpo della tesi, in quanto presenta la descrizione di una campagna di misure condotta in ambiente industriale, fatta con due diversi setup di misure: onde mm e UWB. Dopo la presentazione dello scopo, vengono poi trattati gli esperimenti, descritto l'equipment ed estratte le conclusioni mostrando funzioni come il Power Angle Profile e la Risposta Impulsiva. L'ultimo capitolo tratta infine di una campagna da condurre in ambiente urbano, presentando però solo il piano di misure, in quanto i risultati saranno a breve disponibili
UAV Command and Control, Navigation and Surveillance: A Review of Potential 5G and Satellite Systems
Drones, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are
expected to be an important component of 5G/beyond 5G (B5G) communications.
This includes their use within cellular architectures (5G UAVs), in which they
can facilitate both wireless broadcast and point-to-point transmissions,
usually using small UAS (sUAS). Allowing UAS to operate within airspace along
with commercial, cargo, and other piloted aircraft will likely require
dedicated and protected aviation spectrum at least in the near term, while
regulatory authorities adapt to their use. The command and control (C2), or
control and non-payload communications (CNPC) link provides safety critical
information for the control of the UAV both in terrestrial-based line of sight
(LOS) conditions and in satellite communication links for so-called beyond LOS
(BLOS) conditions. In this paper, we provide an overview of these CNPC links as
they may be used in 5G and satellite systems by describing basic concepts and
challenges. We review new entrant technologies that might be used for UAV C2 as
well as for payload communication, such as millimeter wave (mmWave) systems,
and also review navigation and surveillance challenges. A brief discussion of
UAV-to-UAV communication and hardware issues are also provided.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, IEEE aerospace conferenc
Antenna and Propagation Considerations for Amateur UAV Monitoring
The broad application spectrum of unmanned aerial vehicles is making them one of the most promising technologies of Internet of Things era. Proactive prevention for public safety threats is one of the key areas with vast potential of surveillance and monitoring drones. Antennas play a vital role in such applications to establish reliable communication in these scenarios. This paper considers line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight threat scenarios with the perspective of antennas and electromagnetic wave propagation
Sensors for Desert Surveillance
Various types of sensors-visible, passive night vision, infrared, synthetic aperture radar, etc can be used for desert surveillance. The surveillance capability of these sensors depends to a large extent, on various atmospheric effects, viz., absorption, scattering, aerosol, turbulence, and optical mirage. In this paper, effects of various atmospheric phenomena on the transmission of signals, merits and demerits of different means of surveillance under desert environmental conditions are discussed. Advanced surveillance techniques, ie, multisensor fusion, multi and hyperspectral imaging, having special significance for desert surveillance, have also been discussed
A Comprehensive Overview on 5G-and-Beyond Networks with UAVs: From Communications to Sensing and Intelligence
Due to the advancements in cellular technologies and the dense deployment of
cellular infrastructure, integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into the
fifth-generation (5G) and beyond cellular networks is a promising solution to
achieve safe UAV operation as well as enabling diversified applications with
mission-specific payload data delivery. In particular, 5G networks need to
support three typical usage scenarios, namely, enhanced mobile broadband
(eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), and massive
machine-type communications (mMTC). On the one hand, UAVs can be leveraged as
cost-effective aerial platforms to provide ground users with enhanced
communication services by exploiting their high cruising altitude and
controllable maneuverability in three-dimensional (3D) space. On the other
hand, providing such communication services simultaneously for both UAV and
ground users poses new challenges due to the need for ubiquitous 3D signal
coverage as well as the strong air-ground network interference. Besides the
requirement of high-performance wireless communications, the ability to support
effective and efficient sensing as well as network intelligence is also
essential for 5G-and-beyond 3D heterogeneous wireless networks with coexisting
aerial and ground users. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of
the latest research efforts on integrating UAVs into cellular networks, with an
emphasis on how to exploit advanced techniques (e.g., intelligent reflecting
surface, short packet transmission, energy harvesting, joint communication and
radar sensing, and edge intelligence) to meet the diversified service
requirements of next-generation wireless systems. Moreover, we highlight
important directions for further investigation in future work.Comment: Accepted by IEEE JSA
SSTAC/ARTS review of the draft Integrated Technology Plan (ITP). Volume 8: Aerothermodynamics Automation and Robotics (A/R) systems sensors, high-temperature superconductivity
Viewgraphs of briefings presented at the SSTAC/ARTS review of the draft Integrated Technology Plan (ITP) on aerothermodynamics, automation and robotics systems, sensors, and high-temperature superconductivity are included. Topics covered include: aerothermodynamics; aerobraking; aeroassist flight experiment; entry technology for probes and penetrators; automation and robotics; artificial intelligence; NASA telerobotics program; planetary rover program; science sensor technology; direct detector; submillimeter sensors; laser sensors; passive microwave sensing; active microwave sensing; sensor electronics; sensor optics; coolers and cryogenics; and high temperature superconductivity
Synthetic aperture radar imaging system for landmine detection using a ground penetrating radar on board a unmanned aerial vehicle
This paper presents a novel system to obtain images from the underground based on ground penetrating radar (GPR). The proposed system is composed by a radar module mounted on board an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which allows the safe inspection of difficult-to-access areas without being in direct contact with the soil. Therefore, it can be used to detect dangerous buried objects, such as landmines. The radar measurements are coherently combined using a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) algorithm, which requires cm-level accuracy positioning system. In addition, a clutter removal technique is applied to mitigate the reflection at the air-soil interface (which is caused by impedance mismatching). Besides the aforementioned advantages, the system can detect both metallic and dielectric targets (due to the use of a radar instead of a metal detector) and it allows to obtain high-resolution underground images (due to the SAR processing). The algorithms and the UAV payload are validated with measurements in both controlled and real scenarios, showing the feasibility of the proposed system.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. TEC2014-54005-PMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. TEC2014-55290-JINMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. TEC2015-73908-JINMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. TEC2015-65353-RAgencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RYC-2016-20280Ministerio de Educación | Ref. FPU15/06341Gobierno del Principado de Asturias | Ref. PCTI 2013-2017Gobierno del Principado de Asturias | Ref. FC-15-GRUPIN14-114Gobierno del Principado de Asturias | Ref. IDI/2017/000095Xunta de Galicia | Ref. GRC2015/01
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