6,634 research outputs found
Development of a generic activities model of command and control
This paper reports on five different models of command and control. Four different models are reviewed: a process model, a contextual control model, a decision ladder model and a functional model. Further to this, command and control activities are analysed in three distinct domains: armed forces, emergency services and civilian services. From this analysis, taxonomies of command and control activities are developed that give rise to an activities model of command and control. This model will be used to guide further research into technological support of command and control activities
Technical approaches for measurement of human errors
Human error is a significant contributing factor in a very high proportion of civil transport, general aviation, and rotorcraft accidents. The technical details of a variety of proven approaches for the measurement of human errors in the context of the national airspace system are presented. Unobtrusive measurements suitable for cockpit operations and procedures in part of full mission simulation are emphasized. Procedure, system performance, and human operator centered measurements are discussed as they apply to the manual control, communication, supervisory, and monitoring tasks which are relevant to aviation operations
The process of building the upper-level hierarchy for the aircraft structure ontology to be integrated in FunGramKB
In this article we collect a corpus of texts which operate with a controlled language (ASD Simplified Technical English) in order to facilitate the development of a new domain-specific ontology (the aircraft structure) based on a technical discipline (aeronautical engineering) included in the so called âhardâ sciences. This new repository should be compatible with the Core Ontology and the corresponding English Lexicon in FunGramKB (a multipurpose lexico-conceptual knowledge base for natural language processing (NLP)), and, in the same vein, should eventually give support to aircraft maintenance management systems. By contrast, in previous approaches we applied a stepwise methodology for the construction of a domain-specific subontology compatible with FunGramKB systems in criminal law, but the high occurrence of terminological banalisation and the scarce number of specific terms, due to the social nature of the discipline, were added problems to the most common NLP difficulties (polysemy and ambiguity). Taking into consideration previous results and the complexity of this task, here we only intend to take the first step towards the modelling of the aircraft ontology: the development of its taxonomic hierarchy. Consequently, the hierarchy starts with the whole system (i.e., an aircraft) and follows the traditional decomposition of the system down to the elementary components (top-down approach). At the same time, we have collected a corpus of 2,480 files of aircraft maintenance instructions, courtesy of Airbus in Seville. For the bottom-up approach (under construction), we consult specialised references end explore the corpus through the identification and extraction of term candidates with DEXTER, an online multilingual workbench especially designed for the discovery and extraction of terms
Expressing the effectiveness of planning horizons
LâĂ©volution technologique est souvent motivĂ©e par des â problĂšmes â. Pourtant, lâexpression de ces problĂšmes en termes de performance des systĂšmes de travail nâest souvent quâanecdotique ou implicite. Cette recherche propose une mĂ©thode explicite pour exprimer lâefficacitĂ© dâun systĂšme de travail. La mĂ©thode est illustrĂ©e sur un systĂšme de travail de gestion du transport. LâintĂ©rĂȘt particulier de ce domaine concerne la façon dont lâinteraction opĂ©rateur-technologie soutient efficacement la planification Ă lâavance (sous la forme dâun horizon de planification). La mĂ©thode est composĂ©e de quatre Ă©tapes. PremiĂšrement, le comportement de planification Ă lâavance est conceptualisĂ©. Un aspect critique de la mĂ©thode est la â ThĂ©orie des Horizons de Planification de lâOpĂ©rateur â ainsi que lâ â extension â et â lâopportunitĂ© â dâhorizons de planification particuliers. DeuxiĂšmement, le domaine de travail est modĂ©lisĂ©, afin dâĂ©tablir la qualitĂ© du travail effectuĂ© par le systĂšme de travail. TroisiĂšmement, les comportements qui soutiennent la planification efficace sont modĂ©lisĂ©s. Finalement, une comparaison est faite entre la qualitĂ© rĂ©elle du travail effectuĂ© et la qualitĂ© dĂ©sirĂ©e. Si la performance tombe en dessous dâun niveau dĂ©sirĂ©, les comportements du systĂšme de travail contribuant Ă lâinefficacitĂ© sont analysĂ©s. Si une planification inefficace est identifiĂ©e (câest-Ă -dire un problĂšme), la mĂ©thode soutient la recherche des origines du problĂšme ainsi que la construction dâune thĂ©orie causale. Bien que lâillustration ne porte que sur la planification dâun systĂšme de travail de gestion du transport, les Ă©tapes de la mĂ©thode sont proposĂ©es pour soutenir plus gĂ©nĂ©ralement lâexpression de lâefficacitĂ© des systĂšmes ou autres
Evaluating Optimum Levels Of Detail For 3d Interactive Aviation Maintenance Instructions
With the aviation industry shifting from paper based maintenance instructions to digital maintenance instructions, there needs to be a standard for what goes into creating the digital instructions. This study was done to determine what the optimum level of detail for 3D interactive aviation maintenance instructions. The definition of optimum for this study was: lowest amount of geometrical data with lowest rendering needed for comprehension and ease of use
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 338)
This bibliography lists 139 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during June 1990. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance
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