51 research outputs found
Why keep complying?: compliance with EU conditionality under diminished credibility in Turkey
The widely accepted external incentives model of conditionality (EIM) argues
that the rewards promised by the EU need to be credible for target states to
comply with costly EU conditions. Accordingly, compliance should come to a
halt or decline significantly in countries where the credibility of accession â the
most powerful reward used by the EU â is very low. The case of Turkey appears
therefore to present a puzzle, since the current AKP government is still
complying with costly EU conditions despite the negative signals from the most
powerful member-states and the EU general public. This thesis first establishes
that there is indeed a puzzle. The quantitative and qualitative data gathered on
formal and behavioural compliance demonstrates that credibility is not a
necessary condition for compliance. There are absolutely no signs of decline in
compliance, which challenges the EIMâs credibility assumption. The second part
of this thesis moves to consider why the Turkish authorities continue to comply
under diminished credibility. It finds that the AKP makes strategic use of EU
conditionality. Firstly, compliance with EU conditions serves to curb the powers
of the Kemalist/secularist establishment and thereby to secure the partyâs
continued presence. Secondly, compliance helps the government to appear as a
Western, reformist, moderate and neo-liberal party to the electorate so as to
widen its domestic support. Moreover, lock-in effects of Turkeyâs already
established pro-European foreign policy, together with issue-specific
costs/benefits, also inform the AKPâs decision to comply, albeit to a lesser
extent. Finally, this thesis analyses the role of the EU-related bureaucracy as a
separate, but limited, actor in the compliance process. In contrast to the political
leadership, strong organisational lock-in effects and a high level of social
learning motivate bureaucratic agentsâ further compliance, which suggests there
is a specific bureaucratic politics of compliance at work in Turkey
Co-constructing a new framework for evaluating social innovation in marginalized rural areas
The EU funded H2020 project \u2018Social Innovation in Marginalised Rural Areas\u2019 (SIMRA; www.simra-h2020.eu) has the overall objective of advancing the state-of-the-art in social innovation. This paper outlines the process for co- developing an evaluation framework with stakeholders, drawn from across Europe and the Mediterranean area, in the fields of agriculture, forestry and rural development. Preliminary results show the importance of integrating process and outcome-oriented evaluations, and implementing participatory approaches in evaluation practice. They also raise critical issues related to the comparability of primary data in diverse regional contexts and highlight the need for mixed methods approaches in evaluation
Efficient Passive Clustering and Gateways selection MANETs
Passive clustering does not employ control packets to collect topological information in ad hoc networks. In our proposal, we avoid making frequent changes in cluster architecture due to repeated election and re-election of cluster heads and gateways. Our primary objective has been to make Passive Clustering more practical by employing optimal number of gateways and reduce the number of rebroadcast packets
Proceedings of The Multi-Agent Logics, Languages, and Organisations Federated Workshops (MALLOW 2010)
http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-627/allproceedings.pdfInternational audienceMALLOW-2010 is a third edition of a series initiated in 2007 in Durham, and pursued in 2009 in Turin. The objective, as initially stated, is to "provide a venue where: the cost of participation was minimum; participants were able to attend various workshops, so fostering collaboration and cross-fertilization; there was a friendly atmosphere and plenty of time for networking, by maximizing the time participants spent together"
Risk, modernity and the H5N1 virus in action in Indonesia A multiâsited study of the threats of avian and human pandemic influenza
This thesis examines the Influenza A/H5N1 virus in action through an ethnographic study focused on the entwined concepts of risk and modernity. The objective is to explain why the response to the virus has been challenged in Indonesia. Concerned with policy formulation, and everyday practice, the thesis argues that assemblages of historical, political, institutional and knowledgeâpower processes create multiple hybrid constructions of risk and modernity, which challenge technical responses based on epistemological positions and institutional arrangements that do not allow for such hybridity.
The thesis is organised into four sections. The first section (chapters 1 â 3) introduces the virus and its terrain, outlines a constructivist position, and argues that conceptually risk and modernity have multiple, dynamic, powerâladen forms. The second section (chapters 4 â 6) contrasts constructions of risk and modernity among the actors and networks responding to the emergence, spread and persistence of the H5N1 virus, with the constructions of affected people in Indonesia. The third section (chapters 7 â 9) investigates the multiâdirectional processes that occur when âglobalâ policies and practices encounter âlocalâ social and political settings, and vice versa, through three empirical case studies of the response to H5N1 in Indonesia between 2005 and 2010.
The final section (chapter 10) provides a set of reflections and conclusions. Given the conceptual plurality of risk and modernity, and the multiple overlapping interacting hybrid
constructions that have been empirically demonstrated in the case of H5N1, it is concluded that reductive, scienceâbased, governmentallyâorientated responses which treat nature as a
matter of separate, fixed identity do not allow for such hybridity. The virus in action in Indonesia shows that any divide between nature and society is artificial and deceiving. Technical disease control responses need to incorporate understandings which accept the dynamics of culture, politics, and powe
Spatial Formats under the Global Condition
Contributions to this volume summarize and discuss the theoretical foundations of the Collaborative Research Centre at Leipzig University which address the relationship between processes of (re-)spatialization on the one hand and the establishment and characteristics of spatial formats on the other hand
Spatial Formats under the Global Condition
Contributions to this volume summarize and discuss the theoretical foundations of the Collaborative Research Centre at Leipzig University which address the relationship between processes of (re-)spatialization on the one hand and the establishment and characteristics of spatial formats on the other hand
Globalization, social innovation, and co-operative development: A comparative analysis of Québec and Saskatchewan, 1980-2010.
This study examines the development gap that has emerged between the co-operative sectors of the Canadian provinces of Québec and Saskatchewan since 1980. It harnesses historical research, textual analysis, and semi-structured interviews to better understand how some movements are able to regenerate their movements in the face of crisis.
The study finds that the regeneration of the Québec movement reflects the concertation (concerted action) of social movement, sector, and state actors. Deeply rooted in a collectivist tradition of cultural nationalism and state corporatism, this democratic partnership supported the renovation and expansion of the co-operative development system in a virtuous spiral of movement agency, innovation, and regeneration. Concertation of social movement and state actors created momentum for escalating orders of joint-action, institution-building, and policy and program development.
By contrast, the degeneration of the Saskatchewan movement reflects the decline of the agrarian economy and movement and a failure to effectively coordinate the efforts of emerging social movements and the state for development action. This has yielded a vicious spiral of movement inertia, under-development, and decline. Although green shoots are in evidence, regeneration efforts in Saskatchewan lag QuĂ©becâs progress in rebuilding the foundations for effective democratic partnership.
The study concludes with a detailed comparison of these diverging movements, offering conclusions and recommendations for the repair of the Saskatchewan development system and the regeneration of its co-operative movement
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN ROMANIA
The purpose of this paper is to identify the main opportunities and limitations of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The survey was defined with the aim to involve the highest possible number of relevant CSR topics and give the issue a more wholesome perspective. It provides a basis for further comprehension and deeper analyses of specific CSR areas. The conditions determining the success of CSR in Romania have been defined in the paper on the basis of the previously cumulative knowledge as well as the results of various researches. This paper provides knowledge which may be useful in the programs promoting CSR.Corporate social responsibility, Supportive policies, Romania
- âŠ