20 research outputs found
5-choosability of graphs with crossings far apart
We give a new proof of the fact that every planar graph is 5-choosable, and
use it to show that every graph drawn in the plane so that the distance between
every pair of crossings is at least 15 is 5-choosable. At the same time we may
allow some vertices to have lists of size four only, as long as they are far
apart and far from the crossings.Comment: 55 pages, 11 figures; minor revision according to the referee
suggestion
The strong chromatic index of 1-planar graphs
The chromatic index of a graph is the smallest for which
admits an edge -coloring such that any two adjacent edges have distinct
colors. The strong chromatic index of is the smallest such
that has a proper edge -coloring with the condition that any two edges
at distance at most 2 receive distinct colors. A graph is 1-planar if it can be
drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge.
In this paper, we show that every graph with maximum average degree
has . As a corollary, we
prove that every 1-planar graph with maximum degree has
, which improves a result, due to Bensmail et
al., which says that if
Choosability of Graphs with Bounded Order: Ohba's Conjecture and Beyond
The \emph{choice number} of a graph , denoted , is the minimum
integer such that for any assignment of lists of size to the vertices
of , there is a proper colouring of such that every vertex is mapped to
a colour in its list. For general graphs, the choice number is not bounded
above by a function of the chromatic number.
In this thesis, we prove a conjecture of Ohba which asserts that
whenever . We also prove a
strengthening of Ohba's Conjecture which is best possible for graphs on at most
vertices, and pose several conjectures related to our work.Comment: Master's Thesis, McGill Universit
5-list-coloring planar graphs with distant precolored vertices
We answer positively the question of Albertson asking whether every planar
graph can be -list-colored even if it contains precolored vertices, as long
as they are sufficiently far apart from each other. In order to prove this
claim, we also give bounds on the sizes of graphs critical with respect to
5-list coloring. In particular, if G is a planar graph, H is a connected
subgraph of G and L is an assignment of lists of colors to the vertices of G
such that |L(v)| >= 5 for every v in V(G)-V(H) and G is not L-colorable, then G
contains a subgraph with O(|H|^2) vertices that is not L-colorable.Comment: 53 pages, 9 figures version 2: addresses suggestions by reviewer
5-Choosability of Planar-plus-two-edge Graphs
We prove that graphs that can be made planar by deleting two edges are 5-choosable. To arrive at this, first we prove an extension of a theorem of Thomassen. Second, we prove an extension of a theorem Postle and Thomas. The difference between our extensions and the theorems of Thomassen and of Postle and Thomas is that we allow the graph to contain an inner 4-list vertex. We also use a colouring technique from two papers by Dvořák, Lidický and Škrekovski, and independently by Compos and Havet
List-coloring and sum-list-coloring problems on graphs
Graph coloring is a well-known and well-studied area of graph theory that has many applications. In this dissertation, we look at two generalizations of graph coloring known as list-coloring and sum-list-coloring. In both of these types of colorings, one seeks to first assign palettes of colors to vertices and then choose a color from the corresponding palette for each vertex so that a proper coloring is obtained.
A celebrated result of Thomassen states that every planar graph can be properly colored from any arbitrarily assigned palettes of five colors. This result is known as 5-list-colorability of planar graphs. Albertson asked whether Thomassen\u27s theorem can be extended by precoloring some vertices which are at a large enough distance apart. Hutchinson asked whether Thomassen\u27s theorem can be extended by allowing certain vertices to have palettes of size less than five assigned to them. In this dissertation, we explore both of these questions and answer them in the affirmative for various classes of graphs.
We also provide a catalog of small configurations with palettes of different prescribed sizes and determine whether or not they can always be colored from palettes of such sizes. These small configurations can be useful in reducing certain planar graphs to obtain more information about their structure.
Additionally, we look at the newer notion of sum-list-coloring where the sum choice number is the parameter of interest. In sum-list-coloring, we seek to minimize the sum of varying sizes of palettes of colors assigned the vertices of a graph. We compute the sum choice number for all graphs on at most five vertices, present some general results about sum-list-coloring, and determine the sum choice number for certain graphs made up of cycles