228 research outputs found
Simulation of undular bores evolution with damping
Propagation of undular bores with damping is considered in the framework of perturbed extended Korteweg-de Vries (peKdV) equation. Two types of damping terms for the peKdV equation, namely linear and Chezy frictional terms, which describe the turbulent boundary layers in the fluid flow are considered. Solving the peKdV equation numerically using the method of lines shows that under the influence of damping, the lead-ing solitary wave of the undular bores will split from the nonlinear wavetrain, propagates and behaves like an isolated solitary wave. The amplitude of the leading wave will remain the same for some times before it starts to decay again at a larger time. In general the amplitude of the leading wave and the mean level across the undular bore decreases due to the effect of damping
WIRELESS TEMPERATURE MONITORING SYSTEM
This report is discussed about the basic understanding and the progressing ofwork for
the chosen topic, "Wireless Temperature Monitoring System". The objective ofthis
project is to design the wireless monitoring system to monitor temperature in health
care industry by using temperature sensor. This project is helping to solve problem that
current system unable to deal with. In health care industry, temperature plays a big role
to ensure product such as blood, medicine and clinical samples in good condition.
However, by keeping manual logs for every store's temperature is really atedious work.
It requires a lot of time and workers to continuously check the temperature of every
roomthat storethe items. Thus, this device is really useful to reduce workload and time
consumption. The temperature data will besending wirelessly to the respective staff for
any action. In addition, using wireless is more practical instead of running wires or
cabling system in such application because the wireless system can beimplemented ina
big area and it is lower in cost. The challenges in this project are to select the suitable
signal to be use in transmission and reception the data and also to design the most
favorable alert system. The methodology used in this project includes constructing a
simple circuit oftransmitter and receiver and troubleshooting will be done to ensure the
circuit is working. Then, the programming will also beinvolved upon the completion of
this project. Improvement and adjusting of this system will be done after the simple
circuit demonstrates the expected output. The expected outcome from this project is to
be able to demonstrate the wireless monitoring system that will be able to send the
gathered data from the sensor to receiver and display the data at the base station
Recent advances in industrial wireless sensor networks towards efficient management in IoT
With the accelerated development of Internet-of- Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSN) are gaining importance in the continued advancement of information and communication technologies, and have been connected and integrated with Internet in vast industrial applications. However, given the fact that most wireless sensor devices are resource constrained and operate on batteries, the communication overhead and power consumption are therefore important issues for wireless sensor networks design. In order to efficiently manage these wireless sensor devices in a unified manner, the industrial authorities should be able to provide a network infrastructure supporting various WSN applications and services that facilitate the management of sensor-equipped real-world entities. This paper presents an overview of industrial ecosystem, technical architecture, industrial device management standards and our latest research activity in developing a WSN management system. The key approach to enable efficient and reliable management of WSN within such an infrastructure is a cross layer design of lightweight and cloud-based RESTful web service
Inflatable Habitat Health Monitoring: Implementation, Lessons Learned, and Application to Lunar or Martian Habitat Health Monitoring
NASA's exploration mission is to send humans to the Moon and Mars, in which the purpose is to learn how to live and work safely in those harsh environments. A critical aspect of living in an extreme environment is habitation, and within that habitation element there are key systems which monitor the habitation environment to provide a safe and comfortable living and working space for humans. Expandable habitats are one of the options currently being considered due to their potential mass and volume efficiencies. This paper discusses a joint project between the National Science Foundation (NSF), ILC Dover, and NASA in which an expandable habitat was deployed in the extreme environment of Antarctica to better understand the performance and operations over a one-year period. This project was conducted through the Innovative Partnership Program (IPP) where the NSF provided the location at McMurdo Station in Antarctica and support at the location, ILC Dover provided the inflatable habitat, and NASA provided the instrumentation and data system for monitoring the habitat. The outcome of this project provided lessons learned in the implementation of an inflatable habitat and the systems that support that habitat. These lessons learned will be used to improve current habitation capabilities and systems to meet the objectives of exploration missions to the moon and Mars
Agricultural SWARM Robotic System
The project aimed to help farmers improve crop production. With Internet of Things (IoT) devices becoming ever smaller, more power efficient, with cheaper electronic components, farmers can accurately measure microclimate conditions and manage their fields more effectively. Continuing a previous MQP team; this project developed an IoT SWARM agriculture system that would allow farmers to monitor environmental conditions in their fields with sensor Nodes and manage and maintain the Nodes using autonomous Rovers. The battery-powered Nodes collect temperature, humidity, light levels, and air quality to give insights into the growing conditions in the fields. The Rovers pick up, carry, and place Nodes autonomously so that the farmer does not need to place and recover Nodes manually
Integrated circuit & system design for concurrent amperometric and potentiometric wireless electrochemical sensing
Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) biosensor platforms have steadily grown in healthcare and commerial applications. This technology has shown potential in the field of commercial wearable technology, where CMOS sensors aid the development of miniaturised sensors for an improved cost of production and response time. The possibility of utilising wireless power and data transmission techniques for CMOS also allows for the monolithic integration of the communication, power and sensing onto a single chip, which greatly simplifies the post-processing and improves the efficiency of data collection.
The ability to concurrently utilise potentiometry and amperometry as an electrochemical technique is explored in this thesis. Potentiometry and amperometry are two of the most common transduction mechanisms for electrochemistry, with their own advantages and disadvantages. Concurrently applying both techniques will allow for real-time calibration of background pH and for improved accuracy of readings. To date, developing circuits for concurrently sensing potentiometry and amperometry has not been explored in the literature. This thesis investigates the possibility of utilising CMOS sensors for wireless potentiometric and amperometric electrochemical sensing.
To start with, a review of potentiometry and amperometry is evaluated to understand the key factors behind their operation. A new configuration is proposed whereby the reference electrode for both electrochemistry techniques are shared. This configuration is then compared to both the original configurations to determine any differences in the sensing accuracy through a novel experiment that utilises hydrogen peroxide as a measurement analyte. The feasibility of the configuration with the shared reference electrode is proven and utilised as the basis of the electrochemical configuration for the front end circuits.
A unique front-end circuit named DAPPER is developed for the shared reference electrode topology. A review of existing architectures for potentiometry and amperometry is evaluated, with a specific focus on low power consumption for wireless applications. In addition, both the electrochemical sensing outputs are mixed into a single output data channel for use with a near-field communication (NFC). This mixing technique is also further analysed in this thesis to understand the errors arising due to various factors. The system is fabricated on TSMC 180nm technology and consumes 28µW. It measures a linear input current range from 250pA - 0.1µW, and an input voltage range of 0.4V - 1V. This circuit is tested and verified for both electrical and electrochemical tests to showcase its feasibility
for concurrent measurements. This thesis then provides the integration of wireless blocks into the system for wireless powering and data transmission. This is done through the design of a circuit named SPACEMAN that consists of the concurrent sensing front-end, wireless power blocks, data transmission, as well as a state machine that allows for the circuit to switch between modes: potentiometry only, amperometry only, concurrent sensing and none. The states are switched through re-booting the circuit. The core size of the electronics is 0.41mm² without the coil. The circuit’s wireless powering and data transmission is tested and verified through the use of an external transmitter and a connected printed circuit board
(PCB) coil.
Finally, the future direction for ongoing work to proceed towards a fully monolithic electrochemical technique is discussed through the next development of a fully integrated coil-on-CMOS system, on-chip electrodes with the electroplating and microfludics, the development of an external transmitter for powering the device and a test platform. The contributions of this thesis aim to formulate a use for wireless electrochemical sensors capable of concurrent measurements for use in wearable devices.Open Acces
A novel monitoring system for the training of elite swimmers
Swimming performance is primarily judged on the overall time taken for a swimmer to
complete a specified distance performing a stroke that complies with current
regulations defined by the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA), the
International governing body of swimming. There are three contributing factors to this
overall time; the start, free swimming and turns. The contribution of each of these
factors is event dependent; for example, in a 50m event there are no turns, however,
the start can be a significant contributor. To improve overall performance each of these
components should be optimised in terms of skill and execution.
This thesis details the research undertaken towards improving performance-related
feedback in swimming. The research included collaboration with British Swimming, the
national governing body for swimming in the U.K., to drive the requirements and
direction of research. An evaluation of current methods of swimming analysis
identified a capability gap in real-time, quantitative feedback. A number of components
were developed to produce an integrated system for comprehensive swim performance
analysis in all phases of the swim, i.e. starts, free swimming and turns. These
components were developed to satisfy two types of stakeholder requirements. Firstly,
the measurement requirements, i.e. what does the end user want to measure? Secondly,
the process requirements, i.e. how would these measurements be achieved? The
components developed in this research worked towards new technologies to facilitate
a wider range of measurement parameters using automated methods as well as the
application of technologies to facilitate the automation of current techniques. The
development of the system is presented in detail and the application of these
technologies is presented in case studies for starts, free swimming and turns.
It was found that developed components were able to provide useful data indicating
levels of performance in all aspects of swimming, i.e. starts, free swimming and turns.
For the starts, an integrated solution of vision, force plate technology and a wireless
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node enabled greater insight into overall performance and quantitative measurements
of performance to be captured. Force profiles could easily identify differences in
swimmer ability or changes in technique. The analysis of free swimming was
predominantly supported by the wireless sensor technology, whereby signal analysis
was capable of automatically determining factors such as lap times variations within
strokes. The turning phase was also characterised in acceleration space, allowing the
phases of the turn to be individually assessed and their contribution to total turn time
established. Each of the component technologies were not used in isolation but were
supported by other synchronous data capture. In all cases a vision component was used
to increase understanding of data outputs and provide a medium that coaches and
athletes were comfortable with interpreting.
The integrated, component based system has been developed and tested to prove its
ability to produce useful, quantitative feedback information for swimmers. The
individual components were found to be capable of providing greater insight into
swimming performance, that has not been previously possible using the current state
of the art techniques. Future work should look towards the fine-tuning of the prototype
system into a useable solution for end users. This relies on the refinement of
components and the development of an appropriate user interface to enable ease of
data collection, analysis, presentation and interpretation
Zigbee enabled radio frequency identification system
The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system is a widely used Auto-ID technology today to identify and track objects and people in manufacturing, inventory management, retailing, and security applications. The Zigbee technology, which is a recently emerged network communication protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, provides a self-organized mesh network topology with a power-effective, low data rate and multi-hop data transmission. The RFID system could profit some of its features by introducing the Zigbee technology into the existing RFID architectures, such as having extended effective range, improving network flexibility and having compatibility with other Zigbee enabled environment systems. In this paper we first discuss the possible benefits and applications while applying Zigbee to the different parts of the RFID system. Then an integrated Zigbee RFID system architecture is discussed and a demo system is described at the end of the paper
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