PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN VISUAL THINKING MATEMATIS MELALUI PENDEKATAN CONCRETE-REPRESENTATIONAL-ABSTRACT (CRA) BERBANTUAN SOFTWARE CABRI 3D

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya kemampuan visual thinking matematis siswa dan fakta rendahnya kemampuan visual thinking matematis siswa serta terhadap pembelajaran matematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sejauh mana peningkatan kemampuan visual thinking matematis siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan Concrete-Reprentational-Abstract (CRA) berbantuan software Cabri 3D dan membandingkan dengan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran ekspositori, lalu bagaimana effect size pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan Concrete-Reprentational-Abstract (CRA) berbantuan software Cabri 3D terhadap kemampuan visual thingking matematis siswa serta mengetahui analisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tes kemampuan visual thinking matematis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent control grup design. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di salah satu SMP Negeri di kota Bandung, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah dua kelas dari populasi tersebut yang memiliki kemampuan relatif sama. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui tes kemampuan visual thinking matematis siswa dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) peningkatan kemampuan visual thinking matematis siswa melalui pendekatan Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) berbantuan software Cabri 3D lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan visual thinking matematis siswa melalui pembelajaran ekspositori, (2) terdapat effect size pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan Concrete-Reprentational-Abstract (CRA) berbantuan software Cabri 3D terhadap kemampuan visual thinking matematis sebesar 1,63, (3) terdapat kesalahan-kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal kemampuan visual thinking matematis, yaitu: kesalahan miskonsepsi, kesalahan biasa, dan kesalahan akibat ketidaktahuan berdasarkan indikator kemampuan visual thinking matematis. --- This research was motivated by the importance of visual ability students mathematical thinking and visual facts low ability students mathematical thinking towards learning mathematics. The aims of this study are to determine the extent to which the enhancement in the ability of visual thinking mathematical students acquire approach concrete-representational-abstract (CRA) aided software Cabri 3D and compared with students who obtain expository, and how the effect sixe of learning by using approach Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) aided software Cabri 3D to visual capabilities and identify students’ mathematical thinking error analysis of students in solving mathematical visual thinking ability test. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group design. The population is all students in grade VIII in one Junior High School country in the city of Bandung, while samples in this study are two classes of the population who had relatively equal ability. Data were obtained through visual ability test students’ mathematical and observation sheet. The results showed that: (1) the enhancement in the ability of visual thinking mathematical through approach concrete representational abstract (CRA) aided software Cabri 3D is higher than the ability of visual thinking mathematical students through expository, (2) there is a effect size learning by using approach Concrete Representational Abstract (CRA) aided software Cabri 3D toward the ability of visual thinking mathematically in the amount of 1,63, (3) there are errors of students in solving mathematical visual thinking, namely: misconceptions error, regular error, and error due to ignorance based on visual indicator of the ability of mathematical thinking

PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH BERBANTUAN PROGRAM KOMPUTER CABRI 3D UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN VISUAL-SPATIAL THINKING DAN HABIT OF THINKING FLEXIBLY SISWA SMA

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil penelitian terdahulu yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan visual-spatial thinking dan habit of thinking flexibly siswa masih belum sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Salah satu pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan visual-spatial thinking dan habit of thinking flexibly siswa adalah pembelajaran berbasis masalah berbantuan program komputer Cabri 3D. Penelitian ini berfokus pada upaya untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan visual-spatial thinking dan habit of thinking flexibly siswa SMA yang belajarnya dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBM) berbantuan program komputer Cabri 3D. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan populasi adalah seluruh siswa salah satu SMA negeri di Palembang. Sampelnya adalah siswa kelas X sekolah tersebut. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel yang terlibat sebanyak 73 siswa, 37 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 36 siswa kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi tes kemampuan visual-spatial thinking dan skala habit of thinking flexibly. Analisis data menggunakan uji-t, uji-t’, uji Mann-Whitney, dan uji ANOVA dua jalur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh kesimpulan: (1) Peningkatan kemampuan visual-spatial thinking siswa yang belajar melalui PBM berbantuan Cabri 3D lebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional baik jika ditinjau secara keseluruhan maupun ditinjau dari kemampuan awal matematika (KAM) tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Peningkatan kemampuan visual-spatial thinking ditinjau secara keseluruhan, kategori KAM tinggi, dan sedang pada kelas eksperimen masuk klasifikasi sedang sedangkan kategori KAM rendah masuk klasifikasi peningkatan rendah. (2) Terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan visual-spatial thinking berdasarkan kategori KAM. (3) Tidak ada interaksi antara pembelajaran dan KAM terhadap peningkatan kemampuan visual-spatial thinking. (4) Habit of thinking flexibly untuk kedua kelas tidak berbeda secara signifikan. The research was grounded by the results of previous research which showed that visual-spatial thinking ability and habit of thinking flexibly are not as expected. One of learning for enhancing visual-spatial thinking ability and habit of thinking flexibly is the computer program of Cabri 3D-assisted problem based learning. This research focused on the effort for the enhancement students's visual-spatial thinking ability and habit of thinking flexibly as a result of the computer program of Cabri 3D-assisted problem-based learning (PBL). This study was an experimental research. The population in this research are all students of one SMAN at Palembang. The sample was a class X student of this school. Sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. Samples were involved as many as 73 students, 37 students in the experiment class and 36 students in the control class. The instrument used in this study included tests of visual-spatial thinking ability and habit of thinking flexibly scale. Data analysis was using t-test, t’-test, Mann-Whitney test and two-way ANOVA test. Based on the results of the data analysis we concluded that: (1) The enhancement in visual-spatial thinking ability of students who studied with Cabri 3D-assisted PBL better than students who received conventional learning if viewed as a whole and in terms of early mathematics ability (high, medium, and low). (2) Furthermore, there was differences in the increase in visual-spatial thinking ability by category of early mathematics ability. (3) There was no interaction between learning and KAM to increased visual-spatial thinking ability. (4) Habit of thinking flexibly of students who studied with Cabri 3D-assisted PBL did not differ significantly with students who received conventional learning

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