Survey of Motion Tracking Methods Based on Inertial Sensors: A Focus on Upper Limb Human Motion

Motion tracking based on commercial inertial measurements units (IMUs) has been widely studied in the latter years as it is a cost-effective enabling technology for those applications in which motion tracking based on optical technologies is unsuitable. This measurement method has a high impact in human performance assessment and human-robot interaction. IMU motion tracking systems are indeed self-contained and wearable, allowing for long-lasting tracking of the user motion in situated environments. After a survey on IMU-based human tracking, five techniques for motion reconstruction were selected and compared to reconstruct a human arm motion. IMU based estimation was matched against motion tracking based on the Vicon marker-based motion tracking system considered as ground truth. Results show that all but one of the selected models perform similarly (about 35 mm average position estimation error)

Design and Management of Manufacturing Systems

Although the design and management of manufacturing systems have been explored in the literature for many years now, they still remain topical problems in the current scientific research. The changing market trends, globalization, the constant pressure to reduce production costs, and technical and technological progress make it necessary to search for new manufacturing methods and ways of organizing them, and to modify manufacturing system design paradigms. This book presents current research in different areas connected with the design and management of manufacturing systems and covers such subject areas as: methods supporting the design of manufacturing systems, methods of improving maintenance processes in companies, the design and improvement of manufacturing processes, the control of production processes in modern manufacturing systems production methods and techniques used in modern manufacturing systems and environmental aspects of production and their impact on the design and management of manufacturing systems. The wide range of research findings reported in this book confirms that the design of manufacturing systems is a complex problem and that the achievement of goals set for modern manufacturing systems requires interdisciplinary knowledge and the simultaneous design of the product, process and system, as well as the knowledge of modern manufacturing and organizational methods and techniques

Expérimentation d'une suite d'outils pour automatiser le passage d'une conception basée sur un modèle vers la réalisation d'une implémentation, en passant par l'exploration architecturale

RÉSUMÉ Aujourd’hui, les systèmes embarqués sont de plus en plus complexes à développer surtout s’il s’agit de systèmes temps réel. Ces projets intègrent des technologies à la fine pointe de la recherche, qui sont compliquées à mettre en place. La complexité de conception de ces systèmes repose sur la nécessité de trouver un équilibre entre la puissance de calcul requise, la surface de carte et le nombre de ressources matérielles utilisées, ou encore la consommation du circuit. En ajoutant à tout cela des temps de mise en marché de plus en plus stricts pour ce genre de systèmes, les besoins d’outils et de flots de conception efficaces deviennent de plus en plus pressants. Dans cette optique, de nombreux langages de spécification de système ont été mis au point. Ils sont échelonnés à différents niveaux d’abstraction allant des langages de haut niveau d’abstraction comme sysML ou AADL jusqu’au bas niveau RTL en passant par des spécifications pour ESL (Electronic system level) comme SystemC. Ces langages sont liés à des méthodologies basées sur les modèles. Le projet de recherche présenté dans ce mémoire consiste à mettre en avant une méthodologie de conception d’un système embarqué. Cette méthodologie s’illustre au travers d’un flot de conception utilisant le langage de description de système AADL ainsi que la plateforme de codesign SpaceStudio. Elle vise à développer en parallèle des applications logicielles ainsi que les plateformes matérielles sur lesquelles ces applications doivent s’exécuter. Le défi de ce projet consiste donc à réaliser la jonction entre le langage AADL et la plateforme SpaceStudio. L’outil chargé de réaliser cette jonction compile du code AADL et génère un script python. Ce script est lu par l’API du logiciel SpaceStudio qui permet de générer un projet sur sa plateforme de coconception. L’outil créé durant ce projet et nommé AADL2Space est testé à travers un exemple de modèle AADL disponible sur Internet. Par la suite, une application de décodage vidéo MJPEG est utilisée pour illustrer le flot de conception. Un modèle AADL de cette application a été développé afin de fournir la description architecturale du système. La partie applicative du système a été codée en C et associée au modèle AADL. Ainsi, un système complet est compilé par AADL2Space pour ainsi générer un projet SpaceStudio. Une fois le projet instancié sur la plateforme de coconception, celui-ci est simulé et analysé afin d’obtenir des métriques permettant de valider ou non l’architecture. De cette façon, plusieurs architectures sont testées afin de satisfaire les contraintes d’ordonnancement temps réel, de taux d’utilisation des processeurs, d’utilisation des ressources matérielles, etc. L’architecture choisie est enfin synthétisée pour être implémentée sur carte. Ce projet a conduit à l’écriture d’un article de conférence à EEE international Symposium on Rapid System Prototyping (RSP)----------ABSTRACT Nowadays, embedded systems are increasingly complex to design. These system’s design complexity is based on the need to find a balance between the required power, the used area on ship and hardware resources, and the system consumption. This issue mainly occurs for real-time systems. For such systems, times to market are more and more demanding. Consequently, new tools and design flows are definitely needed. This project bridges and validates two of these technologies. To reach our goal, numerous system description languages and libraries have been worked out. They have different abstraction levels from high abstraction level languages as SysML or AADL, to low level abstraction RTL, through ESL (Electronic system level) as systemC. The aim of the research project introduced in this work is to show an embedded system design methodology. This methodology is illustrated through a design flow using the description language AADL and the SpaceStudioTM HW/SW co-design platform. It targets a parallel design of software applications and hardware platform on which applications will be executed. This project’s challenge is to fill the gap between the description language AADL and SpaceStudio platform. SpaceStudio is a scriptable tool. All the graphic manipulations can also be achieved through a Python script. The proposed tool filling this gap acts as a compiler of an AADL code and generate a Python script that can be used as an input description of SpaceStudio. The created tool called AADL2Space is tested thanks to an AADL model example available on Internet. Next, an MJPEG video decoder application is used to illustrate the design flow. An AADL model of this application has been designed to provide the system’s architectural description. The software part of the system has been coded in C language and bound to the AADL model. Thereby, a complete system is compiled by the designed tool and generated as a SpaceStudio project. Once the project has been instantiated on the co-design platform, it is simulated and analyzed to validate metric performances. Different architecture configurations are tested to meet system’s constraints as real time scheduling, processor’s use rate, use of hardware resources, etc. The chosen architecture configuration is finally synthetized to be implemented on a FPGA

Multi-Robot Systems: Challenges, Trends and Applications

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue entitled “Multi-Robot Systems: Challenges, Trends, and Applications” that was published in Applied Sciences. This Special Issue collected seventeen high-quality papers that discuss the main challenges of multi-robot systems, present the trends to address these issues, and report various relevant applications. Some of the topics addressed by these papers are robot swarms, mission planning, robot teaming, machine learning, immersive technologies, search and rescue, and social robotics

MOCAST 2021

The 10th International Conference on Modern Circuit and System Technologies on Electronics and Communications (MOCAST 2021) will take place in Thessaloniki, Greece, from July 5th to July 7th, 2021. The MOCAST technical program includes all aspects of circuit and system technologies, from modeling to design, verification, implementation, and application. This Special Issue presents extended versions of top-ranking papers in the conference. The topics of MOCAST include:Analog/RF and mixed signal circuits;Digital circuits and systems design;Nonlinear circuits and systems;Device and circuit modeling;High-performance embedded systems;Systems and applications;Sensors and systems;Machine learning and AI applications;Communication; Network systems;Power management;Imagers, MEMS, medical, and displays;Radiation front ends (nuclear and space application);Education in circuits, systems, and communications