10 research outputs found
10152 Abstracts Collection -- Relationships, Objects, Roles, and Queries in Modern Languages
From 11/04/10 to 16/04/10, the Dagstuhl Seminar 10152 ``Relationships, Objects, Roles, and Queries in Modern Programming Languages\u27\u27 was held
in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics.
During the seminar, several participants presented their current
research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of
the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of
seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section
describes the seminar topics and goals in general.
Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available
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Όλ¬Έμ μ΄ μΈ κ°μ§μ μΈλΆ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ€. 첫째λ μ€μ‘΄μΈλ¬Όμ νλ₯΄μλ μ€μμλ μΌμ 건κ°κ΄λ¦¬μ μ ν©ν νΈμ€νΈμ νλ₯΄μλλ₯Ό νμνλ μ°κ΅¬μ΄λ€. λμ§Έλ νΈμ€νΈμ νλ₯΄μλλ₯Ό λνν μΈκ³΅μ§λ₯μ μ μ©νκΈ° μν΄ κ³ λ €ν΄μΌ ν μΈμ΄μ μμλ€μ μ μνλ μ°κ΅¬μ΄λ€. λ§μ§λ§μΌλ‘λ μμ κ³Όμ μ ν΅ν΄ κ°λ°λ μ€μ‘΄νλ μΈλ¬Όμ νλ₯΄μλλ₯Ό κ°μ§ λνν μΈκ³΅μ§λ₯μ΄ μΌμ ν¬μ€μΌμ΄ μμμμ μ€μ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό 보μ΄λμ§λ₯Ό νκ°νλ μ°κ΅¬μ΄λ€. λν ν΄λΉ νμλ
Όλ¬Έμ μΌλ ¨μ μ°κ΅¬λ€μμ λ°κ²¬ν κ²°κ³Όλ€μ λ°νμΌλ‘ μ¬μ©μμ μΉλ°ν κ΄κ³μ μλ νλ₯΄μλλ₯Ό μΌμ ν¬μ€μΌμ΄λ₯Ό μν λνν μΈκ³΅μ§λ₯μ μ μ©ν λ κ³ λ €ν΄μΌν λμμΈ ν¨μμ λ€μ λμΆνκ³ κ°μ΄λλΌμΈμ μ μνλ€.Advance in digital healthcare technologies has been leading a revolution in healthcare. It has been showing the enormous potential to improve medical professionalsβ ability for accurate diagnosis, disease treatment, and the usersβ daily self-care. Since the recent transformation of digital healthcare aims to provide effective personalized health services, Conversational AI (CA) is being highlighted as an easy-to-use and cost-effective means to deliver personalized services.
Particularly, CA is gaining attention as a mean for personalized care by ingraining positive self-care behavior in a daily manner while previous methods for personalized care are focusing on the medical context. CA expands the boundary of personalized care by enabling one-to-one tailored conversation to deliver health education and healthcare therapies. Due to CA's opportunities as a method for personalized care, it has been implemented with various types of roles including CA for diagnosis, CA for prevention, and CA for therapy.
However, there lacks study on the personalization of healthcare CA to meet user's preferences on the CA's persona. Even though the CASA paradigm has been applied to previous studies designing and evaluating the human-likeness of CA, few healthcare CAs personalize its human-like persona except some CAs for mental health therapy. Moreover, there exists the need to improve user experience by increasing social and emotional interaction between the user and the CA. Therefore, designing an acceptable and personalized persona of CA should be also considered to make users to be engaged in the healthcare task with the CA. In this manner, the thesis suggests an idea of applying the persona of the person who is in a close relationship with the user to the conversational CA for daily healthcare as a strategy for persona personalization. The main hypothesis is the idea of applying a close person's persona would improve user engagement. To investigate the hypothesis, the thesis explores if dynamics derived from the social relationship in the real world can be implemented to the relationship between the user and the CA with the persona of a close person.
To explore opportunities and challenges of the research idea, series of studies were conducted to (1) explore appropriate host whose persona would be implemented to healthcare CA, (2) define linguistic characteristics to consider when applying the persona of a close person to the CA, and (3)implement CA with the persona of a close person to major lifestyle domains. Based on findings, the thesis provides design guidelines for healthcare CA with the persona of the real person who is in a close relationship with the user.Abstract 1
1 Introduction 12
2 Literature Review 18
2.1 Roles of CA in Healthcare 18
2.2 Personalization in Healthcare CA 23
2.3 Persona Design CA 25
2.4 Methods for Designing Chatbotβs Dialogue Style 30
2.4.1 Wizard of Oz Method 32
2.4.2 Analyzing Dialogue Data with NLP 33
2.4.3 Participatory Design 35
2.4.4 Crowdsourcing 37
3 Goal of the Study 39
4 Study 1. Exploring Candidate Persona for CA 43
4.1 Related Work 44
4.1.1 Need for Support in Daily Healthcare 44
4.1.2 Applying Persona to Text-based CA 45
4.2 Research Questions 47
4.3 Method 48
4.3.1 Wizard of Oz Study 49
4.3.2 Survey Measurement 52
4.3.3 Post Interview 54
4.3.4 Analysis 54
4.4 Results 55
4.4.1 System Acceptance 56
4.4.2 Perceived Trustfulness and Perceived Intimacy 57
4.4.3 Predictive Power of Corresponding Variables 58
4.4.4 Linguistic Factors Affecting User Perception 58
4.5 Implications 60
5 Study 2. Linguistic Characteristics to Consider When Applying Close Personβs Persona to a Text-based Agent 63
5.1 Related Work 64
5.1.1 Linguistic Characteristics and Persona Perception 64
5.1.2 Language Component 66
5.2 Research Questions 68
5.3 Method 69
5.3.1 Modified Wizard of Oz Study 69
5.3.2 Survey 72
5.4 Results 73
5.4.1 Linguistic Characteristics 73
5.4.2 Priority of Linguistic Characteristics 80
5.4.3 Differences between language Component 82
5.5 Implications 82
6 Study3.Implementation on Lifestyle Domains 85
6.1 Related Work 86
6.1.1 Family as Effective Healthcare Provider 86
6.1.2 Chatbots Promoting Healthy Lifestyle 87
6.2 Research questions 94
6.3 Implementing Persona of Family Member 95
6.3.1 Domains of Implementation 96
6.3.2 Measurements Used in the Study 97
6.4 Experiment 1: Food Journaling Chatbot 100
6.4.1 Method 100
6.4.2 Results 111
6.5 Experiment 2: Physical Activity Intervention 128
6.5.1 Method 131
6.5.2 Results 140
6.6 Experiment 3: Chatbot for Coping Stress 149
6.6.1 Method 151
6.6.2 Results 158
6.7 Implications from Domain Experiments 169
6.7.1 Comparing User Experience 170
6.7.2 Comparing User Perception 174
6.7.3 Implications from Study 3 183
7 Discussion 192
7.1 Design Guidelines 193
7.2 Ethical Considerations 200
7.3 Limitations 206
8 Conclusion 210
References 212
Appendix 252
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Issues in Computer Vision Data Collection: Bias, Consent, and Label Taxonomy
Recent success of the convolutional neural network in image classification has pushed the computer vision community towards data-rich methods of deep learning. As a consequence of this shift, the data collection process has had to adapt, becoming increasingly automated and efficient to satisfy algorithms that require massive amounts of data. In the push for more data, however, careful consideration into decisions and assumptions in the data collection process have been neglected. Likewise, users accept datasets and their embed- ded assumptions at face-value, employing them in theory and application papers without scrutiny. As a result, undesirable biases, non-consensual data collection, and inappropriate label taxonomies are rife in computer vision datasets. This work aims to explore issues of bias, consent, and label taxonomy in computer vision through novel investigations into widely-used datasets in image classification, face recognition, and facial expression recognition. Through this work, I aim to challenge researchers to reconsider normative data collection and use practices such that computer vision systems can be developed in a more thoughtful and responsible manner
DRIVE: A Distributed Economic Meta-Scheduler for the Federation of Grid and Cloud Systems
The computational landscape is littered with islands of disjoint resource providers including
commercial Clouds, private Clouds, national Grids, institutional Grids, clusters, and data centers.
These providers are independent and isolated due to a lack of communication and coordination,
they are also often proprietary without standardised interfaces, protocols, or execution environments.
The lack of standardisation and global transparency has the effect of binding consumers
to individual providers. With the increasing ubiquity of computation providers there is an opportunity
to create federated architectures that span both Grid and Cloud computing providers
effectively creating a global computing infrastructure. In order to realise this vision, secure and
scalable mechanisms to coordinate resource access are required. This thesis proposes a generic
meta-scheduling architecture to facilitate federated resource allocation in which users can provision
resources from a range of heterogeneous (service) providers.
Efficient resource allocation is difficult in large scale distributed environments due to the inherent
lack of centralised control. In a Grid model, local resource managers govern access to a
pool of resources within a single administrative domain but have only a local view of the Grid
and are unable to collaborate when allocating jobs. Meta-schedulers act at a higher level able to
submit jobs to multiple resource managers, however they are most often deployed on a per-client
basis and are therefore concerned with only their allocations, essentially competing against one
another. In a federated environment the widespread adoption of utility computing models seen in
commercial Cloud providers has re-motivated the need for economically aware meta-schedulers.
Economies provide a way to represent the different goals and strategies that exist in a competitive
distributed environment. The use of economic allocation principles effectively creates an
open service market that provides efficient allocation and incentives for participation.
The major contributions of this thesis are the architecture and prototype implementation of the
DRIVE meta-scheduler. DRIVE is a Virtual Organisation (VO) based distributed economic metascheduler
in which members of the VO collaboratively allocate services or resources. Providers
joining the VO contribute obligation services to the VO. These contributed services are in effect
membership βduesβ and are used in the running of the VOs operations β for example allocation,
advertising, and general management. DRIVE is independent from a particular class of provider
(Service, Grid, or Cloud) or specific economic protocol. This independence enables allocation in
federated environments composed of heterogeneous providers in vastly different scenarios. Protocol
independence facilitates the use of arbitrary protocols based on specific requirements and
infrastructural availability. For instance, within a single organisation where internal trust exists,
users can achieve maximum allocation performance by choosing a simple economic protocol.
In a global utility Grid no such trust exists. The same meta-scheduler architecture can be used
with a secure protocol which ensures the allocation is carried out fairly in the absence of trust.
DRIVE establishes contracts between participants as the result of allocation. A contract describes
individual requirements and obligations of each party. A unique two stage contract negotiation
protocol is used to minimise the effect of allocation latency. In addition due to the co-op nature of
the architecture and the use of secure privacy preserving protocols, DRIVE can be deployed in a
distributed environment without requiring large scale dedicated resources.
This thesis presents several other contributions related to meta-scheduling and open service
markets. To overcome the perceived performance limitations of economic systems four high utilisation
strategies have been developed and evaluated. Each strategy is shown to improve occupancy,
utilisation and profit using synthetic workloads based on a production Grid trace. The
gRAVI service wrapping toolkit is presented to address the difficulty web enabling existing applications.
The gRAVI toolkit has been extended for this thesis such that it creates economically
aware (DRIVE-enabled) services that can be transparently traded in a DRIVE market without requiring
developer input. The final contribution of this thesis is the definition and architecture of
a Social Cloud β a dynamic Cloud computing infrastructure composed of virtualised resources
contributed by members of a Social network. The Social Cloud prototype is based on DRIVE
and highlights the ease in which dynamic DRIVE markets can be created and used in different
domains
The Correlation Between Education Background and Studentβs Grade Point Average (GPA) In Special Education Department Faculty of Education (FIP) Universitas Negeri Makasar (UNM)
Students of Special Education Department FIP UNM come from varied educational backgrounds and also have the various Grade Point Average (GPA). So that the aim of this research are : 1) How is the description of the educational background of students from the Special Education Department FIP UNM ? 2) How is the description of Grade Point Average (GPA) students of Special Education Department FIP UNM? 3) ls there any significant correlation between educational background in high school and Grade Point Average (GPA) of students in Special Education Department FIP UNM? This research uses a quantitative approach through correlation test. The study population was a student in Special Education Students, while the sample is the students from class of 2014 and 2015. The data collection used documentation on SIMPADU. The results that: 1) The educational background of the students of Special Education Department FIP UNM dominated by Science Major from senior high school. 2) GPA level of level of the students of Special Education Department FIP UNM is at the high category. 3) Educational background is one of the factor that correlated with GPA of the students of Special Education Department FIP UNM. This correlation is possible because the educational background that dominant is science majors which inextricably linked with some of the subjects taught in the Special Education Department. So that finding of this study is tif a student has the educational background that corresponds to his chosen field in college, then chances of high GPA will be easy. These findings also reinforce previous findings, although with different content
Remote Sensing of Earth Resources: A literature survey with indexes (1970 - 1973 supplement). Section 1: Abstracts
Abstracts of reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between March 1970 and December 1973 are presented in the following areas: agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, oceanography and marine resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis
A Holmes and Doyle Bibliography, Volume 9: All FormatsβCombined Alphabetical Listing
This bibliography is a work in progress. It attempts to update Ronald B. De Waalβs comprehensive bibliography, The Universal Sherlock Holmes, but does not claim to be exhaustive in content. New works are continually discovered and added to this bibliography. Readers and researchers are invited to suggest additional content. This volume contains all listings in all formats, arranged alphabetically by author or main entry. In other words, it combines the listings from Volume 1 (Monograph and Serial Titles), Volume 3 (Periodical Articles), and Volume 7 (Audio/Visual Materials) into a comprehensive bibliography. (There may be additional materials included in this list, e.g. duplicate items and items not yet fully edited.) As in the other volumes, coverage of this material begins around 1994, the final year covered by De Waal's bibliography, but may not yet be totally up-to-date (given the ongoing nature of this bibliography). It is hoped that other titles will be added at a later date. At present, this bibliography includes 12,594 items
Evaluating memetics : A case of competing perspectives at an SME.
Memetics, which posits a cultural replicator similar to the gene in biology, has been proposed as a theory with which to study cultural phenomena such as organisations. However, much of the theory of memetics has been developed without empirical testing. Consequently, its application to organisations and its operationalisation in empirical studies tends to make assumptions about the nature of putative memes. The purpose of this project is to design a study to test the fundamental tenets of meme theory in an organisational setting. To do so the study poses research questions relating to the possibility of identifying units of culture and investigates whether such units can be seen to replicate. The questions posed require the development of an 'extra-memetic' method which avoids the pitfalls of previous studies by rejecting the operationalisation of memes as part of its design. By considering complexity theory a narrative approach, grounded in a realist philosophy, is selected as the basis of an extra-memetic method. To accommodate the various technical terms used in the literature a glossary is included. Subsequently, an analysis based on first, structural narrative units and second, narrative evaluation is developed in the context of a case study organisation. The narrative approach enables the generic use of the underlying rationale of the genetic theory which underpins the proposal of the meme but without resorting to genetic analogy. In particular, the concept of the optimon is adopted. By comparing competing perspectives at the case study organisation, the study finds that it is possible to identify 'optimon' units of culture similar to the optimon genes which are described in Mendelian heredity. However, the notion of replication in culture, similar to that of DNA, is not supported. The original contribution to knowledge is constituted by a critical evaluation of the extant memetic theory, an approach to identifying units of culture which might aid the application of genetic metaphor or discourse theory and a new methodological approach to investigating the meme. In particular, one unit of culture, the 'proof, is identified and through the use of a punnett square model its credibility as a replicator is critically evaluated. The limitations of a single case study are recognised and summarised. However, in addition to the contribution to meme theory, the project points towards possible avenues for further research which are related to critical realism, discourse analysis and action research in organisations