04441 Abstracts Collection -- Mobile Information Management

From 24.10.04 to 29.10.04, the Dagstuhl Seminar 04441 ``Mobile Information Management\u27\u27 was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available

Artificial Collective Intelligence Engineering: a Survey of Concepts and Perspectives

Collectiveness is an important property of many systems--both natural and artificial. By exploiting a large number of individuals, it is often possible to produce effects that go far beyond the capabilities of the smartest individuals, or even to produce intelligent collective behaviour out of not-so-intelligent individuals. Indeed, collective intelligence, namely the capability of a group to act collectively in a seemingly intelligent way, is increasingly often a design goal of engineered computational systems--motivated by recent techno-scientific trends like the Internet of Things, swarm robotics, and crowd computing, just to name a few. For several years, the collective intelligence observed in natural and artificial systems has served as a source of inspiration for engineering ideas, models, and mechanisms. Today, artificial and computational collective intelligence are recognised research topics, spanning various techniques, kinds of target systems, and application domains. However, there is still a lot of fragmentation in the research panorama of the topic within computer science, and the verticality of most communities and contributions makes it difficult to extract the core underlying ideas and frames of reference. The challenge is to identify, place in a common structure, and ultimately connect the different areas and methods addressing intelligent collectives. To address this gap, this paper considers a set of broad scoping questions providing a map of collective intelligence research, mostly by the point of view of computer scientists and engineers. Accordingly, it covers preliminary notions, fundamental concepts, and the main research perspectives, identifying opportunities and challenges for researchers on artificial and computational collective intelligence engineering.Comment: This is the author's final version of the article, accepted for publication in the Artificial Life journal. Data: 34 pages, 2 figure

Mobile Datenbanken - heute, morgen und in 20 Jahren. Tagungsband zum 8. Workshop des GI-Arbeitskreises "Mobile Datenbanken und Informationssysteme" am 28.2.2005 im Rahmen der BTW 2005 in Karlsruhe

Der Workshop Mobile Datenbanken heute, morgen und in 20 Jahren ist der nunmehr achte Workshop des GI Arbeitskreises Mobile Datenbanken und Informationssysteme. Der Workshop findet im Rahmen der BTW 2005, der GI Fachtagung für Datenbanksysteme in Business, Technologie und Web, vom 28. Februar bis zum 01. März 2005 in Karlsruhe statt. Das Workshopprogramm umfasst zwei eingeladene Vorträge sowie sieben wissenschaftliche Beiträge, die vom Programmkomitee aus den Einreichungen ausgewählt wurden. Für den zweiten Workshoptag, der im Zeichen intensiver Diskussionen stehen soll, wurden zwei weitere Einreichungen als Diskussionsgrundlage ausgewählt. Inhaltlich spannt der Workshop einen weiten Bogen: Von fast schon klassischen Fragen aus dem Kernbereich mobiler Datenbanken, wie etwa der Transaktionsbearbeitung in diesen Systemen, bis hin zu neuen Multimediaanwendungen auf mobilen Geräten und von der Anfragebearbeitung in Ad-hoc-Netzen bis zur Analyse des Stands der Technik beim Entwurf mobiler Anwendungen. Diese Breite spiegelt die Breite der Fragestellungen, die bei der Betrachtung von mobiler Informationsnutzung zu Tage treten, wider. Wir hoffen mit unserem Workshop einen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis dieser Fragestellungen zu liefern und ein Forum zum Austausch von Fragen, Lösungsansätzen und Problemstellungen zwischen Praktikern und Forschern aus dem universitären Umfeld zu bieten

International Project Management Association Research Conference 2017

Conference papers from the International Project Management Association Research Conference (IPMA), held on 2-4 November 2017 in Incheon, Republic of Korea, hosted by IPMA-Korea. This year's theme was: Projects, management and success: do we need a new understanding

04441 Working Group -- Towards a Handbook for User-Centred Mobile Application Design

Why do we have difficulties designing mobile apps? Is there a "Mobile RUP"

The intelligence of intelligent buildings : the feasibility of the intelligent building concept in office buildings

This thesis is based on the author's independent scientific thinking on the essence of building intelligence since 1988, for the purpose of establishing and arguing for the Building Intelligence Framework (BIF). Furthermore, it is based on the Intelligent Buildings (IBs) Survey of twelve office buildings in the Helsinki metropolitan area. The survey was done right after the first boom of construction of intelligent buildings was over in Finland. There is no universal definition for the intelligent building concept, although a certain consensus about the concept can be found. There is little empirical evidence about the feasibility of or the factors involved in any intelligent building and there is no description of the intelligence of buildings, or if using the concept of intelligence in the context of quality of a building is valid. Consequently, there is no evidence about such an intelligent building, which is defined by the BIF. In fact, at the beginning of the IBs Survey project not only the feasibility, but even the existence, of the intelligent building concept was questioned. The IBs Survey project was carried out at the Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT, Building Technology, in 1993-1997, in order to study the feasibility of the IB concept and its existence. After finished the IBs Survey project at VTT, the author of this thesis has continued the analysis of the data of the IBs Survey within scientific studies since 1996 and during the research work on this thesis she has gained a deeper understanding of the essence of the building intelligence, which has bothered her mind since the beginning of her studies on the IBs from 1988. The IBs Survey was a post-occupancy study on office building quality. The quality of the intelligent office buildings was compared to that of the other high quality office buildings. The hypothesis of the IBs Survey project was that the existence of the differences between the qualities of the intelligent and the other office buildings will prove the existence of the IB concept. The lack of the differences between the intelligent and the other office buildings will talk for the absence of any effect of the implementation of the IB concept. The IBs Survey project at VTT proved both some differences between and some similarities in the qualities of the IBs and the other office buildings. This thesis is a summary of the results of the scientific studies based on the IBs Survey data, and on the other hand this thesis is a monograph on the BIF. The scientific studies based on the IBs Survey data proves or disproves the existence and feasibility of the IB concept and the BIF determines the essence of the building intelligence. The final goal is a synthesis of the IBs Survey and the BIF. The different intelligent building concepts define the intelligent buildings, not the intelligence of the building. This thesis suggests a definition of building intelligence – called the Building Intelligence (BI) – on the premise that human intelligence can imprint intelligence into an inorganic object, such as a building. The implementation of the BI into intelligent buildings is shown by the BIF. The difference between the IB concepts and the BI is clarified. On one hand, the use of the IB concepts for technical purposes, and on the other hand, the scientific aims of the BI and its implementation into the building practise of the IBs – the BIF – is explained. The alternation of the tacit and explicit knowledge of the IB concept is shown to form the platform for the appearance of any building concept. The definition of the building intelligence (the BI) is an explicit articulation of the internal stock of knowledge of intelligent buildings. The purpose of the BI is to separate out the buildings built according to the IB concept from the buildings built according to other building concepts. The derivation of the IB from the IB concepts and human intelligence – the BIF – can be used as a starting point for the next phase or version of the definition of a building concept, which can be either intelligent or something new. The further the analysis of the empirical data on the IBs Survey proceeds the more evidence of the differences between office buildings, which have been designed using the intelligent building concept as a leading design criterion and the buildings, which have not been designed according to the IB concept criteria are found in terms of the efficacy of these office buildings. This difference is witnessed by the quality evaluation of the end product – i.e. that of the building itself. This quality evaluation is an end-user evaluation, which evaluates the importance of quality of the office building and that of its components to the working efficiency of the evaluator. This is how the evaluation result turns into the efficacy of the office building system, which is composed of its components, i.e. of its subsystems. The result supports the feasibility of the IB concept in office design. The evaluation results from the post-occupancy study correlate with the job description and gender of the office worker. In general, executives evaluate their working environment better than other occupancy groups. The opinions of professionals and clerical staff differ according to the building property concerned and according to the gender of the respondent. Important parameters of the intelligent office building design have been sought out from among a large number of parameters of the intelligent building concepts. This extrapolation is based on the empirical evidence from the results of the IBs Survey and the definition of the BIF, which highlights certain factors of the IB concepts. The existence of the IBs is dependent on the application of the IB concept factors during the building design process. It can be concluded, that the IB concept criteria will be fulfilled best, if the building design is based on more than one of the elements of the IB concept. Furthermore, the quality of the intelligent subsystems must not fail, if the target is a good intelligent working environment. The thesis closes with the synthesis of some of the results of the IBs Survey and the theory of the BIF. Finally, the IB elements should form a functional combination, an integrated solution. Simply adding high technology, is not enough. Embedding the building intelligence by merging it into the building is held up as the intelligent solution to the design of a successful intelligent workplace.reviewe

Assessing rural sustainable housing development:In Shropshire and Herefordshire

The promotion and inclusion of Sustainable Development has been aprimary consideration for many western economies over the last 35-40years. In the United Kingdom,the Town and Country Planning system has been charged with delivering the spatial elements of sustainable development. The question is,how successful has the planning system been in achieving this?Using rural housing development as an example, this research has focused its investigations using mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, to provide assessments of how sustainability is pursued by Local Planning Authorities (LPAs). The research covers the period between 2007 and 2017 to enable investigation of LPA decisions over a ten year period. Itinvolved detailed investigation of secondary data from 4,094planning applications across eight case study parishes in two LPA areas, and obtaining primary data from street based surveys and Focus Groups in the same parishes. This research sought to establish if housing targets set in LPA Development Plans are being met, how changes in national planning policy has influenced decision making, the extent to which sustainability considerations have influenced decision making and, to what extent the makingof Neighbourhood Plans has impacted upon decisions relating to rural housing development. The research has concluded that although LPAs have largely adhered to local planning policy, housing targets have only been achieved in the last years of study 2016/17. In the case study parishes the majority of approved and refused planning applications were for single dwellings, with sustainability considerations dominating the reasons quoted in decisions from Planning Officer and Committee reports.The results indicate that some extra levels of community cohesion has taken place where Neighbourhood Plans exist, but insufficient evidence has been found to confirm that Neighbourhood Plans have realised a discernible difference, in other aspects of developmen

Economic implications of psychosocial development in childhood: Long-term outcomes and the costs of intervention.

This thesis explores two issues: 1. the relationship between emotional and behavioural difficulties in childhood and adult economic attainment; and 2. the costs arising from the public service response to child and adolescent psychosocial difficulties. After a review of the relevant literature, longitudinal data are used to examine the first of these issues. The relationship between psychosocial development and labour market outcomes are examined for a cohort of British males of predominantly working class origin. Similar longitudinal analyses are then repeated in a national and more socially representative British birth cohort born in 1970 who were most recently followed-up at age 30. Econometric estimations relating to age 30 earnings within the 1970 cohort are combined with cross-sectional earnings data from a large survey of the UK labour force to arrive at a series of lifecycle earnings projections for workers who experienced childhood psychosocial problems. Potential justifications for public intervention are examined followed by an outline of current service arrangements in the UK and a discussion of recent policy developments towards child and adolescent psychosocial problems. Service utilisation data from a major epidemiological survey of the mental health of children and adolescents in Britain are then used to derive new empirical estimates of the costs to the National Health Service and education system arising from child and adolescent psychopathology. Individual variations in costs are then examined in more detail using multivariate statistical methods with a view to assessing the extent to which services are responsive to psychosocial problems that are more socially and academically disabling

Legal policy & pandemics

Publish date: 10 January 2022The focus starts with the current COVID-19 pandemic, recognized as ‘the greatest challenge we have faced since World War II’ emerged in Asia in late 2019 and rapidly spread to Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Oceania. It undoubtedly represents the major global health crisis of our time still unresolved after two years, despite the wide range of measures adopted at all levels of governance to respond to it.-- Editorial -- SECTION I ESSAYS -- China’s Legal Response to COVID-19 -- Critical Review of the Legal Measures Against COVID-19 in Taiwan -- Legal and Regulatory Measures and Responses to Prevent and Control COVID-19 in Indonesia -- Government Responses During COVID-19: a Study from India -- Legal and Regulatory Measures and Responses to Prevent and Control COVID-19 in Uganda -- Summary Report Concerning Responses to COVID-19 in the USA -- Belgian Responses to COVID-19 -- COVID-19 and Government Response in Germany. Building Resilience by Comparison of Experiences -- COVID-19 as a Global Institutional Event and Its Institutional Treatment in Greece -- Civil Rights in Times of Pandemic – A Code of Conduct for Governance -- Italian Response to COVID-19 -- Political Rights in Times of Pandemic – A Code of Conduct for City Governance -- SECTION II LITIGATION -- Global Pandemic and the Role of Courts -- Comparative Survey on Vaccination -- Case Law Survey on Data Protection -- COVID-19 and Freedom to Conduct a Business -- SECTION III REPORTS -- COVID-19 Litigation in Israel -- COVID-19 Litigation in Brazil -- Judicial Review and Restrictive Measures. How Has the Intensity and Scope of And Scope of Judicial Review Changed During COVID-19 in Italy? -- Return to the Facemask Monopoly -- US Response to COVID-19 -- Environmental Protection and Human Rights in the Pandemic -- List of Author