3,741 research outputs found

    EDBEHOS Sleep Therapy on Sleep Quality in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia During Chemotherapy

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    This study aims to analyze the optimization of meeting children's rest/sleep needs by implementing EdBeHos Sleep Therapy. The method used is quasi-experimental with the application of Evidence-Based Nursing Practice EdBeHos Sleep Therapy. The study's results found a significant difference in sleep quality scores between the intervention and control groups (p<0.001). In conclusion, the EdBeHos Sleep Therapy intervention can be applied to overcome sleep problems so that it can improve the quality of life of children with cancer. Keywords: Edhebos, Sleep Quality, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Chemotherapy, Sleep Qualit

    Probiotics and urogenital infections: a protocol for an evidence and gap map

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    This is the final version.Urogenital infections, particularly bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and urinary tract infections (UTI), are routinely treated with antibiotics. However, there are mounting concerns about the need for alternative or adjunct therapies due to increasing antimicrobial resistance. Probiotics have garnered significant interest both in the scientific community and the public. This is due to their ability to compete with pathogens, hindering their colonization and contributing to host defence mechanisms. However, their effectiveness in the management of urogenital infections in clinical and primary care settings have been inconsistent across clinical studies and systematic reviews. This evidence and gap map (EGM) seeks to offer comprehensive and clearer overviews of probiotics in relation to urogenital infection management. This method ensures an unbiased evaluation of the present body of evidence on probiotic use, consolidating the existing knowledge and identify the knowledge gaps which can inform research, clinical decision-making and healthcare practice policy development

    The KINGS mouse as a model of beta cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and sex differences in diabetes.

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    Background: The KINGS mouse is a novel model of beta cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which shows stark sex differences in diabetes, with males developing overt and progressive hyperglycaemia whilst females are protected. Beta cell ER stress has been implicated in many types of diabetes and underpins numerous factors known to drive beta cell failure. Sex differences also exist in diabetes in humans with premenopausal women having a lower diabetes incidence compared to men. Further characterisation of the KINGS mice may provide valuable insight into these phenomena. Aims: The objectives of this thesis were to 1) further characterise beta cell ER stress and associated cellular response in the KINGS mice, 2) investigate the influence of sex hormones and beta cell ER stress manipulation on glycaemic control in the KINGS mice and 3) investigate whether diabetes development can be prevented in the male KINGS mice. Methods: Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining were used to investigate the expression of ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) markers in KINGS islets, as well as beta cell turnover and mass. To determine the influence of oestradiol on the KINGS phenotype, endogenous oestradiol was removed from female mice via ovariectomy, and exogenous oestradiol was delivered to male KINGS mice through implantation of oestradiol- containing capsules. A western diet was used to exacerbate beta cell ER stress in female KINGS mice, whilst liraglutide administration, TUDCA administration and removal of endogenous testosterone (via orchidectomy) was used in an attempt to reduce ER stress and prevent diabetes in the male KINGS mice. For all in vivo studies, glycaemic control was assessed through blood glucose concentration monitoring, glucose tolerance testing and insulin tolerance testing. Results: Male KINGS mice developed diabetes by 5-6 weeks of age whereas female KINGS mice were protected, in line with previous studies. Protein markers of ER stress and the UPR were observed in KINGS islets from 4 weeks of age and a sex difference was observed in expression profiles with males largely showing an increased expression of markers. Despite this, we did not observe a loss of beta cell mass in either male or female KINGS mice. However, subtle changes in beta cell proliferation and apoptosis in the male KINGS mice are suggestive of mild changes to beta cell turnover which may contribute to diabetes development. A western diet exacerbated beta cell ER stress in female KINGS mice, however this only led to a mild impairment in glycaemic control which was not as severe as that seen in male KINGS mice. This may suggest that even under conditions of further ER stress, female mice are still able to respond adaptively. Removal of endogenous oestradiol also exacerbated beta cell ER stress, however again this was only associated with a subtle impairment in glycaemic control. On the contrary, exogenous oestradiol delivery in the male KINGS mice prevented the development of overt diabetes. Treatment with liraglutide was used in an attempt to alleviate ER stress in the male KINGS mice. Although liraglutide prevented the development of diabetes and reduced blood glucose concentrations once diabetes was established, this protection only lasted during the treatment window and cessation of treatment was associated with increases in blood glucose concentrations. In addition, liraglutide had no effect on beta cell ER stress levels. Treatment with TUDCA, a chemical chaperone previously found to reduce beta cell ER stress, had no impact on blood glucose concentrations in the KINGS mice. However, removal of endogenous testosterone through orchidectomy prevented the development of overt diabetes. Conclusion: In this study we have confirmed that the KINGS mutation drives beta cell ER stress and that sex differences exist in beta cell response to this. Interestingly, an adaptive response to beta cell ER stress was still maintained in female KINGS mice when ER stress was exacerbated through a western diet. We also found that whilst oestradiol likely contributes in-part to sex differences in diabetes, it cannot be the sole mediator and other factors must be involved. Indeed, we found that endogenous testosterone removal prevented the development of diabetes in male mice. Liraglutide treatment also prevented diabetes development in male mice, however this was likely to be mediated through mechanisms unrelated to beta cell ER stress. Further study is required to investigate how testosterone removal and liraglutide protect male mice.</div

    PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN DAN EDUKASI KEBUTUHAN GIZI ANAK DAN PENCEGAHAN STUNTING

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    Abstrak: Sejak pandemi COVID-19, prevalensi stunting terus meningkat dan menjadi fokus program kesehatan secara nasional saat ini. Hal tersebut dapat dikaitkan dengan aspek ekonomi, status kesehatan ibu (maternal), riwayat kehamilan, keterbatasan mengakses pelayanan kesehatan dan rendahnya pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat terkait gizi. Desa kadu dipilih sebagai lembaga mitra, selain karena lokasi dekat dengan kampus, juga permasalahan kesehatan terkait gizi pada anak dan stunting cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar 5-10 kasus pertahun 2022. Edukasi bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat dalam mengenal kebutuhan gizi pada anak serta pencegahan stunting. Kegiatan melibatkan masyarakat umum baik pria dan wanita, dimana pemeriksaan kesehatan diikuti 55 peserta, dan edukasi kesehatan diikuti sebanyak 73 peserta. Hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan menunjukkan mayoritas peserta memiliki riwayat Hipertensi (58,18%), IMT Obesitas, Gula darah Normal (6 mg/dL). Pengetahuan peserta dapat dilihat dari rerata nilai pre-test yaitu 53,47, sedangkan rerata nilai post-test sebesar 61. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa edukasi berdampak meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta yaitu sebesar 7,53. Edukasi kesehatan dan upaya perbaikan gizi dapat terus dilakukan dengan melibatkan multisektor untuk percepatan pengendalian Stunting.Abstract: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of stunting has continued to increase and is the focus of current national health programs. This can be attributed to economic aspects, maternal health status, pregnancy history, limited access to health services, and low knowledge and awareness of nutrition. Kadu Village was chosen as a partner institution, not only because it is close to the campus, but also because health problems related to child nutrition and stunting are quite high, 5-10 cases per year in 2022. Education and medical check-up were conducted in Kadu village (RW 06) on May 31, 2023. This activity was a collaboration between the Faculty of Nursing and the Township Management Division (TMD) of Lippo Karawaci. Health assessments include height, weight, blood sugar, blood pressure, and uric acid. Education is expected to increase public awareness in recognizing children's nutritional needs and preventing stunting. 55 participants attended health check-up activities while 73 participants attended health education. The characteristics of the participants were the majority; female (87.27%), elementary school education (43.64%), and not working (80%). In addition, it is known that the average age is 54.42 years, the average age of marriage is 21.16 years, and the average age of giving birth to the first child is 22.32 years. The results of the health examination showed that most participants had a history of hypertension (58.18%), BMI obesity, normal blood sugar (6 mg/dL). Participants' knowledge can be seen from the average pre-test score of 53.47, while the average post-test score is 61. This shows that education impacts increasing participants' knowledge by 7.53. Health education and nutrition improvement efforts can continue to be carried out by involving multi-sectors to accelerate stunting control.

    Investigating and combatting the key drivers of viral zoonoses in Africa: an analysis of eight epidemics

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    Investigating the interplay of factors that result in a viral zoonotic outbreak is difficult, though it is increasingly important. As anthropogenic influences shift the delicate balance of ecosystems, new zoonoses emerge in humans. Sub-Saharan Africa is a notable hotspot for zoonotic disease due to abundant competent mammalian reservoir hosts. Furthermore, poverty, corruption, and an overreliance on natural resources play considerable roles in depleting biological resources, exacerbating the population’s susceptibility. Unsurprisingly, viral zoonoses have emerged in Africa, including HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Avian influenza, Lassa fever, Zika, and Monkeypox. These diseases are among the principal causes of death in endemic areas. Though typically distinct in their manifestations, viral zoonoses are connected by underlying, definitive factors. This review summarises vital findings on viral zoonoses in Africa using nine notable case studies as a benchmark for future studies. We discuss the importance of ecological recuperation and protection as a central strategy to control zoonotic diseases. Emphasis was made on moderating key drivers of zoonotic diseases to forestall future pandemics. This is in conjunction with attempts to redirect efforts from reactive to pre-emptive through a multidisciplinary “one health” approach

    Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Mitos dan Fakta Diabetes Melitus serta Diet Seimbang Penderita Diabetes Melitus

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    Community service activities are a forum for sharing information to increase public knowledge. This community service is conducted online through seminars using the Zoom meeting application with the theme "Myths and Facts of Diabetes Mellitus and a Balanced Diet for Diabetes Mellitus Patients". This service aims to inform the public about the myths and facts about diabetes mellitus and increase public knowledge regarding proper prevention and control. The participants consisted of health cadres in Sangatta, East Kalimantan, and the general public, totaling 47 people. Material delivery was carried out using lecture methods with PowerPoint presentations, discussion, and questions and answers. The activity results were evaluated using a quasi-experimental design by comparing the pre-test and post-test results of the participants. The data is not normally distributed, so the difference test used is the Wilcoxon test. This community service increased participant knowledge with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05) and increased the average participant knowledge score from 80 ± 16.923 to 90 ± 10.301. This community service activity concludes that the activity can increase community knowledge related to proper prevention and control of diabetes mellitus

    Rethinking Readiness and Resilience: An Exploration of the Spiritual Domain on the Other Comprehensive Airman Fitness Framework Domains for Active-Duty Airmen Serving on Air National Guard Installations – A Qualitative Case Study

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    The purpose of this qualitative descriptive case study was to fill critical gaps in literature by understanding an Airman’s view of spiritual fitness, how spiritual fitness contributes to overall fitness, resilience and readiness, and what steps could be taken to improve Air Force spiritual fitness programming. To ensure equitability, Airmen were split into two different tenure-based groups: Active-duty Low Tenure (ADlt) and Active-duty high tenure (ADht). ADlt had an average age of 27.9 years old (SD=3.2), were 90% male, 60% White/Caucasian, and 30% Catholic/30% Christian. ADht had an average age of 34.7 years old (SD=2.0), were 100% male, 80% White/Caucasian, and 50% Christian. Spiritual fitness was reported by the following percentages of Airmen as contributing to the other three CAF domains: Physical domain – 70%, Mental domain – 100%, and Social domain – 95%. Readiness (95%) and resilience (90%) were also outlined as heavily impacted by an Airman’s spiritual fitness. Spirituality encouraged Airmen’s physical fitness through the idea that a healthy body is part of a spiritual discipline, the idea that it is part of Air Force requirements, and the idea of treating the body as a temple. Spirituality contributes to mental fitness through trusting in God\u27s promises, providing perspective to reassess situations, and providing a focal point to maintain positivity. Spirituality contributes to social fitness by serving as a source of people who provide a team mentality, support and accountability. Spirituality contributes to readiness by providing strength/excellence in Christ, inner purpose to motivate to action, and living by the Word. Spirituality contributes to resilience by individual perspective and finding strength in God’s word. Airmen suggested four areas to strengthen core values, which were truly embracing and inhabiting the Air Force core values, holding a stronger faith in God, and reinforcing the need to live up to personal core values. Airmen noted that cognitive reframing and prioritization, and doing good for others as methods to aid in strengthen a healthy perspective. In strengthening perseverance, Airmen outline four key areas, which were intentional self-reflective moments, greater religious accommodation/more chaplain interaction, greater devotion to developing spiritual fitness, and inspiring a stronger reliance on others/accountability. Recommendations to strengthen purpose were loving other people and creating shared values and goals, bringing a unique perspective to everyday situations, and continually working on one’s spirituality. Lastly, four key areas were uncovered in strengthening spiritual fitness, which will also impact an Airman’s ability to meet the demand of their assigned missions. Those areas were: Listening to and understanding other Airmen and their plights, educating the force more on spiritual fitness and the spiritual domain of CAF, spending more time in working on self-development in spiritual fitness, and authenticity. This study directly contributes to the understanding of spiritual fitness within the United States Air Force. Contributions to the field of Industrial and Organizational Psychology can be seen in this study through real-world experiences of Airmen and how spiritual fitness guides their readiness, resilience, physical fitness, mental fitness, and social fitness. This study also contributes to faith-based interventions and spiritual applications for non-military organizations

    Интернет-провайдеры как субъекты предупреждения сексуальной преступности в Интернете

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    The subject of the article is the provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation aimed at ensuring the sexual inviolability of a minor.The object of the research is the relations connected with ensuring the sexual inviolability of minors.The Internet serves as an additional tool that facilitates access to minors, their social pages, the impact on the psyche of minors, and the involvement of children in destructive groups. However, not all articles establishing criminal liability for violation of the sexual inviolability of children contain a qualifying feature - this is the use of the Network in the implementation of such activities. Thus, Art. 135 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which establishes criminal liability for committing indecent acts against minors, does not contain a qualifying feature - the commission of a crime through the use of the Internet.The organization of Internet relations on the Web is carried out by various Internet providers, whose activities are connected both with organizing the communications of network users and with ensuring the circulation of information on the Internet. Based on these theses, the article provides answers to such questions as can acts were committed with the help of Internet technologies to be qualified under Art. 135 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, is the use of Internet technologies by ISPs effective as a tool to combat crimes against the sexual integrity of minors carried out using the Web, and what legal and technical instruments will ensure the sexual integrity of children?The study showed that the norms of the Criminal Law aimed at preventing crimes related to the sexual inviolability of minors are also applicable to acts committed using the Internet. In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, violence can take the form of physical or mental impact on a person, carried out through the Internet. Regarding the possibility of committing indecent acts on the Web, it can also be concluded that such acts can be recognized as depraved, despite the absence of direct physical contact with the body of the victim.States use various methods for determining the content, recognizing images distributed on the  Web.  The  most  commonly  used  technological  tool  is  the  information  monitoring method. However, the obligation to use this method, both in Russia and in European countries, is not provided for all types of hosting providers.In connection with the analysis of Russian legislation, we can conclude that the possibilities of such hosting providers as the owners of audiovisual services and news aggregators in the field of information monitoring remained unused. Thus, the Federal Law “On Information, Information Technologies and Information Protection” does not contain requirements for the owners of audiovisual services and news aggregators to conduct mandatory monitoring of information distributed on Internet platforms.The use of content filtering technology cannot be considered a panacea, but its mandatory use by various hosting providers will reduce the likelihood of distributing prohibited information.The requirement for the owners of social networks to monitor content by their users, defined by the Federal Law “On Information, Information Technologies, and Information Protection”, is only the first step taken towards reducing the volume of prohibited content posted on the Web. However, the requirements for the use of image and text recognition technologies by Internet providers remained outside.The article used the methods and techniques of formal logic - this is analysis and synthesis, analogy, comparison, hypothesis, proof in order to determine assumptions and find answers to the questions posed in the article.The study and comparative analysis of the practice of ensuring the safety of children from information posted on the Web, reflected in foreign studies, demonstrating possible solutions, made it possible to compare Russian experience with the experience of foreign colleagues and draw conclusions about approaches to solving the problems.The methods of forecasting and modeling are used for formulating possible ways to develop regulation and eliminate gaps in Russian legislation.Проводится анализ эффективности предотвращения преступлений в случае наделения интернет-посредников обязанностью использовать программные технологии модерации контента, распознавания образов и фильтрации. Актуальность исследования определяется ежегодным ростом статистических показателей преступлений против половой неприкосновенности и половой свободы несовершеннолетних

    Implementasi Komunikasi Kesehatan pada Aksi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting di Kabupaten Banyumas (Studi pada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas)

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    Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan akibat kurangnya asupan gizi dalam waktu yang lama sehingga menyebabkan tinggi dan berat badan tidak sesuai dengan usianya. Berisiko pada masalah gizi kronis ataupun infeksi dengan jangka waktu yang lama. Kabupaten Banyumas menjadi salah satu Kabupaten dengan angka stunting yang tinggi. yaitu 21,6 persen. Kabupaten Banyumas ditargetkan penurunan angka prevalensi stunting hingga 14 persen pada tahun 2024. Maka dari itu Pemerintah Banyumas menciptakan program Aksi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi yang meliputi proses, adaptasi, dan hambatan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas dalam pelaksanaan Aksi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting di Kabupaten Banyumas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas. Adapun subjek penelitian terdiri dari elemen Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas yang terlibat pada Aksi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan metode studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi komunikasi kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas telah memenuhi komponen komunikasi kesehatan yang ada. Metode perencanaan, implementasi, hingga monitoring juga menerapkan model precede proceed guna langkah strategis dalam pemenuhan promosi kesehatan. Adapun adaptasi baik dari komunikator maupun sasaran komunikasi yang dilakukan. Hambatan internal dan eksternal juga ditemui oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas pada implementasi komunikasi kesehatan yang dilakukan
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